David Hawkes，1923-2009) grew up during the Second World War when British Sinology was gradually transforming，are the first beneficiaries of the Scarborough Report。As a representative of the first generation of professional sinologists in the UK，He from James Legge、Arthur Waley and other Sinology predecessors took over the fire of Sinology and introduced it into the hall of professional Sinology。In his opinion，British Sinology should get rid of history and religion、The relationship between politics and economics，Academic-oriented，Adhere to the principles of humanism，Adhere to literature as the basis of bet365 kentucky bonus code and teaching。

The relationship between Hawkes and bet365 kentucky bonus code literature began in middle school，The abridged translation of Lin Yutang's "The Art of Living" and Waley's "The Monkey King" inspired his strong interest in bet365 kentucky bonus code and Oriental things。With excellent language talent，His sinological translation and sinological research have made remarkable achievements，Widely involved in bet365 kentucky bonus code poetry、Various genres of drama and novels。He advocates that studying Sinology aims to experience another component of human world heritage。

　1961，Hawkes becomes Oxford Chair Professor of bet365 kentucky bonus code Studies，The following year, he succeeded De Xiaoqian as the director of Oxford bet365 kentucky bonus code Studies，Became the sixth generation leader of Oxford Sinology。During his 10-year tenure (1962-1971)，He worked diligently to promote the establishment and improvement of professional sinology in Oxford，Promote Oxford Sinology research from the era of academic Sinology that has continued for nearly a hundred years of ancient and strange research，Successfully moving towards the era of professional Sinology with systematic excavation。Pass a series of reforms，Hawkes has trained and reserved a group of professional Sinology talents for Oxford Sinology，Played a positive role in spreading bet365 kentucky bonus code literature and culture in the West since the second half of the 20th century。

　1967，Hawkes is the editor-in-chief of the Oxford East Asian Literature Series for Oxford University Press，Has organized and published many translation and research works on ancient bet365 kentucky bonus code poetry，Influence spread to Western sinology circles。1971，Hawkes relinquishes his position as Director of bet365 kentucky bonus code Studies at Oxford，Resigning from the post of Chair Professor of bet365 kentucky bonus code Studies at Oxford，Specializes in the English translation of the bet365 kentucky bonus code classic "A Dream of Red Mansions"。

The sinological activity that Hawkes loved most throughout his life was the English translation of bet365 kentucky bonus code literary works。During this period, he tried a variety of translation models，Including research-based English translations of classics、Practical textbook compilation、Literary translation of classics and practical English translation of opera and stage plays，Achieved many masterpieces in the English translation history of bet365 kentucky bonus code classical literature in the UK in the second half of the 20th century。In addition，His Sinology research papers and book reviews also include translations of many fragments of bet365 kentucky bonus code literature。Browse through Hawkes’ many translation and research works，This shows his unique view on translation: he advocates that there are no fixed rules for translation，Adhere to translation to help understanding，Focus on translating the meaning of words；Translators should be humble，Focus on faithful interpretation and reception effect；Translation needs to clearly define the translation target and readership；Sinology translation should pay attention to academic research and restoration of historical context；Exotic images and allusions，English translation should make a difference；The translator should take into consideration the author、Six translation concepts including reader and text。

Adhere to the above translation concept，Hawkes completed the translation of four bet365 kentucky bonus code literary classics。As the foundation work of Hawkes’ Sinology，"Chu Ci" published by Oxford University Clarendon Press in 1959，Song of the South - Anthology of Ancient bet365 kentucky bonus code Literature" (Ch’u Tz’ǔ, the Songs of the South: An Ancient bet365 kentucky bonus code Anthology），Becomes the first complete English translation of Chu Ci works in Europe，It was included in “One of the bet365 kentucky bonus code Translation Series of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Association” in the year of publication。This edition was released in paperback by Beacon Press, Boston, USA in 1962。1985，The Penguin Classics Series launches a revised edition titled "The Songs of the South: An Ancient bet365 kentucky bonus code Anthology of Poems by Qu Yuan and Other Poets"。Hawkes, with his solid sinology foundation and literary accomplishment，Shows the very charming Southern Chu culture of China to the Western world。His translation of Chu Ci and his research perspectives are quite favored by Western scholars，Provides rich successful experience for English translation of bet365 kentucky bonus code classics。

Hawkes' second Sinological translation was "A Little Primer of Tu Fu" published by Oxford University Clarendon Press in 1967，Republished twice by the bet365 kentucky bonus code University of Hong Kong Press in 1987 and 1990 as the Renditions Paperbacks series。In the context of bet365 kentucky bonus code and English literary exchanges，"Advanced Du Poems" is an excellent textbook for teaching bet365 kentucky bonus code language，A classic reading book for learning bet365 kentucky bonus code poetry and understanding the poet Du Fu，Excellent writings showing bet365 kentucky bonus code culture，Valuable reading material that conveys translation thoughts。

Hawkes completed the English translation of the first eighty chapters of "A Dream of Red Mansions" (The Story of the Stone in March 1979. Vol.1-3），As soon as it came out, it became popular among readers。It’s expressive、Smooth translation makes it difficult for peers to match，Made a great contribution to the dissemination of bet365 kentucky bonus code classics in the West。by Hawkes，“Stone” spoke English，China’s Cao Xueqin and France’s Balzac、Flaubert、Zola appears together in the British Penguin Classics series。The rich bet365 kentucky bonus code and English translation review materials of Huo’s translation show that this book is in bet365 kentucky bonus code and English literature、Important value in the history of cultural exchange。Especially the Western imitations it quotes and the translator’s own intertextual creation，Making the Western transmission of bet365 kentucky bonus code literature beyond mere literary translation，Has broader and deeper cultural communication significance。1980，The first international conference on "Dream of Red Mansions" was held in Wisconsin, USA，Huo’s translation is a major catalyst。

　2001，"Translation Quarterly" No. 21、The 22nd issue serialized the lyrics of the mythological drama "The Legend of Liu Yi" written by Shang Zhongxian of the Ming Dynasty and translated by Hawkes，And two years later, the bet365 kentucky bonus code University of Hong Kong released a complete translation of "Liu Yi and the Dragon Princess"。This English-translated play is Hawkes’ last work in bet365 kentucky bonus code literature translation，But its more important value is that it is a rare performance in the history of English translation of bet365 kentucky bonus code opera，The translator expressed a clear desire to translate a performance play rather than a desk play。A valuable attempt as an opera translation，This play expresses Hawkes’s wish that bet365 kentucky bonus code opera can be performed on the Western stage。The English translation of "Liu Yi's Biography" includes adaptation、Translation and soundtrack work，It is a good example of Hawkes’s efforts to spread bet365 kentucky bonus code opera in the West，Provided extremely valuable experience for the spread of bet365 kentucky bonus code drama to the West。

In addition to the above-mentioned classic translations，Hawkes also has a large number of Sinology research papers，Scattered in major overseas bet365 kentucky bonus code studies journals，Cong Chu Ci、Han Fu、Tang poetry and Song lyrics to Yuan drama、Qing Dynasty novels，To the works of modern writers，He has unique insights，It can be said that he has dedicated his whole life to provide the English-speaking world with a deeper understanding of bet365 kentucky bonus code literature and bet365 kentucky bonus code culture。In addition，Hawkes wrote a considerable number of book reviews throughout his life，Pay attention to grasping the academic frontiers of bet365 kentucky bonus code studies at home and abroad，Timely recommendation to the Western world、Excellent Sinological works presenting bet365 kentucky bonus code culture，Opens another window to promote the spread of bet365 kentucky bonus code culture outside the region。

Hawkes’s Sinology research in terms of content，Based on literature，Mainly related to the study of "Chu Ci"、Research on bet365 kentucky bonus code Poetry、Research on Dream of Red Mansions、Research on bet365 kentucky bonus code Opera and Case Studies on Modern bet365 kentucky bonus code Literature。From a methodology perspective，As a professional sinologist, he has a different research path from previous scholars。He is based on the traditional Western philology method，Focus on interpreting the significance of academic documents from the perspective of comparative thought，Achieved a research paradigm shift from the investigation of historical sites by previous scholars to the interpretation of the meaning of documents，Established the research paradigm of the new generation of British sinologists。He comprehensively relied on philology in his research on bet365 kentucky bonus code literature、Archaeology、Psychology、Interdisciplinary knowledge such as anthropology and religious studies，It is also a great inspiration to bet365 kentucky bonus code and foreign scholars。Hawkes’ cultural interpretation based on solid research，Profoundly promoted the dissemination and acceptance of bet365 kentucky bonus code literary works in the West。

Early morning on July 31, 2009，Hawkes passed away peacefully at home in Oxford。Within the past few months，He has been busy revising the bet365 kentucky bonus code "Dream of Red Mansions"，And plans to cooperate with Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press to publish a bilingual version of "Dream of Red Mansions"。

　　(This article is a phased result of the National Social Science Fund project "Chronicles of British bet365 kentucky bonus code" (17BWW029))

(Author’s unit: College of Liberal Arts, Fujian Normal bet365 kentucky bonus code；School of Foreign Languages, Shangrao Normal bet365 kentucky bonus code)