bet365 mobile betting publishing is an important part of scientific research and scientific communication，The status of bet365 mobile betting journals is particularly prominent。Number of papers published、Citation rate、Indicators such as journal impact factors become scientific research productivity、Important reference basis for quality and impact assessment and review of scientific research funding applications。Although these quantitative publishing indicators are clearly visible，Helps reduce bias in bet365 mobile betting evaluation，But it has also given the bet365 mobile betting publishing industry disproportionate influence over the scientific community。Mark W, Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Studies, Western Washington University, USA.Neff (Mark W. Neff) reminder，Commercial bet365 mobile betting publishing model combined with rigid bet365 mobile betting evaluation standards，It will have a negative impact on scientific progress。

　　Large publishers monopolize the bet365 mobile betting publishing market

Proposed by Neff，Research evaluation policy focused on publishing statistics，Enabling a few large publishers to achieve an oligopoly on the bet365 mobile betting publishing market，Hindering bet365 mobile betting “users” from accessing scientific research results。For example，Elsevier publishes as many as 2,500 bet365 mobile betting journals，Including "Lancet", "Cell" and a number of flagship journals in related disciplines。According to Rex Group’s 2019 Annual Report，Elsevier revenue 26.£3.7 billion，75% of which comes from subscription fees。Review organized by the company、Edit、The number of bet365 mobile betting articles published and the number of citations accounted for 18% and 26% of the world respectively。

　Due to REX Group、Springer Nature Group、Several bet365 mobile betting publishing giants such as Taylor-Francis Publishing Group have sufficient market control，So they have an advantage in negotiating with bet365 mobile betting libraries and other institutional subscribers。Large publishers and content providers often offer subscribers packages containing hundreds or even thousands of journals，Even if the subscribers actually need only a small part of the journals。Subscribers can also choose individual subscriptions，But the price is high，Cannot significantly save money。To ensure that subscribers continue to purchase packages，Some publishers also set up a "punishment mechanism": after stopping renewal，Previously purchased digital content will not be accessible。Given that many journals only have electronic versions，Subscribers have to buy expensive packages year after year。

Universities need to subscribe to a large number of journals to support teaching and research activities，Publishers are thus able to increase subscription fees by 5% to 15% annually。Facing rising subscription fees，bet365 mobile betting libraries with limited funds have to cut back on journal subscriptions。For a single subject、Independently published periodicals outside the package become the first choice，No matter how heavily used they are。This means，Independent journals in order to survive，Had to fall into the "embrace" of big publishers。As time goes by，The bet365 mobile betting publishing industry is increasingly dominated by a limited number of large publishing groups，They also made amazing profits from this。2014-2019，The adjusted operating profit margin of Rex Group exceeds 30%。

In recent years，As the cost of obtaining scientific research results continues to increase，The conflict between the scientific community and the bet365 mobile betting publishing industry is also intensifying。The most recent journal subscription contract between the University of California System and Elsevier expired on December 31, 2018，The two parties had differences of opinion when negotiating and signing a new contract。UC wants Elsevier to keep journal subscription fees unchanged at about million per year，And provide open access services to authors of papers from the University of California。Elsevier agrees to provide certain open access services，But charge an additional million over 3 years。February 2019，The University of California announced the termination of negotiations，Becomes the first university system in the United States not to renew subscriptions to Elsevier journals。The European scientific community acted earlier。2018，About 300 German and Swedish bet365 mobile betting institutions have suspended their journal subscription contracts with Elsevier，More than 250 French bet365 mobile betting institutions have also stopped subscribing to journals published by Springer Nature due to cost issues。The cost of acquiring bet365 mobile betting content continues to rise，Not only caused strong dissatisfaction among content subscribers such as university libraries，Some research funding agencies have also joined the trend of promoting open access publishing。

　　bet365 mobile betting evaluation places too much emphasis on publication indicators

In addition to the strong control of large publishers on the bet365 mobile betting publishing market，Inappropriate scientific research evaluation policies also make science a "prisoner" of publishing。This problem is particularly obvious in Mexico，Because the country adopts national unified bet365 mobile betting evaluation standards for scientific researchers。According to Neff，Early 1980s，Economic crisis period in Latin American countries，Many Mexican scientists are not paid enough to survive，Having to work part-time to supplement income，Or outflow to other countries。To protect and retain domestic scientific talents，The Mexican government created the National System of Scientific Researchers (SNI) in 1984，Award Level 1 to scientific researchers whose bet365 mobile betting qualifications and output meet the requirements、Level 2、Third level or other honorary level，And provide generous tax-free salary subsidies consistent with the level。Under this system，All scientific researchers in Mexico are assigned to 7 field evaluation committees according to disciplines to receive scientific research evaluation。For responsible ecology、Life Sciences、Example of Evaluation Committee II in Chemistry，The evaluation criteria are based on the number of "recognized" papers and the number of citations。“Recognized” means that the impact factor of the paper published in the citation database “Science Network” is not less than 0.5’s bet365 mobile betting journals。This standard does not seem excessive，But almost all non-English journals are excluded。In other words，Native journals from Mexico or other Latin American countries are mostly excluded。

Take bet365 mobile betting journals published in Mexico that meet quality standards such as peer review as an example，If these journals are not included in the "Web of Science" or do not meet the minimum impact factor requirements，Does not meet SNI’s evaluation standards。According to Neff statistics，As of 2019，There are 238 bet365 mobile betting journals from Latin American countries included in "Science Network"，The impact factor is not less than 0.There are 156 kinds of 5。In other words，Among 5408 bet365 mobile betting journals published in Latin American countries，Less than 3% meet the "accreditation" standards set by the Field Assessment Committee II。This situation is also common in SNI assessments in other disciplines of the natural sciences。

Similar to a journal，The "recognized" monograph in the SNI evaluation must be published by a "well-known publisher"，such as Springer、Elsevier、Taylor Francis、John Wiley et al。This means that bet365 mobile betting works published in Latin American countries often cannot become scientific research results recognized by SNI evaluation。Neff said，SNI’s bet365 mobile betting evaluation policy is intended to strengthen Mexico’s scientific research strength，But too much emphasis on “international” and underestimation of “national” or “local”，As a result, Mexican scholars have to find ways to obtain materials that are difficult for them to obtain、Publish articles in high-paying foreign journals。

　　Rebuilding a healthy relationship between bet365 mobile betting and science

　　Neff told this reporter，Research quality assessment should not only focus on publication indicators，Also consider the role the funder hopes the research will have and the effects it will achieve。The founding document of modern American science policy，As pointed out in the report "Science: The Endless Frontier" submitted to US President Roosevelt in 1945 by Vannevar Bush, Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, and in the legal document establishing the National Science Foundation，Even basic research，It should also be done to enhance human welfare (economic growth、Health improvement, etc.) as the goal。bet365 mobile betting evaluation mechanisms should take such goals into consideration。Now，A number of scientific research institutions around the world are trying new evaluation models，If researchers are required to submit a description of their impact。Many researchers have participated in research that is beneficial to society，But the results may not be published in high impact factor journals，Their contributions should also be recognized。

Promoting open access can help “liberate” science from the constraints of publishing。The Public Library of Science, a non-profit bet365 mobile betting organization founded in 2000, is an endeavor with long-term development potential。This institution publishes 7 peer-reviewed open access journals，These journals allow authors to retain copyright on their articles，Author、The author's institution or funding agency pays an article processing fee to offset the cost of peer review administration、Online maintenance and archiving fees and other publishing costs。However，Open access alone is not enough to reverse the distorted relationship between science and publishing，Scientists need to take the initiative to break this relationship。At least as far as the United States is concerned，Many science policy problems are man-made and self-reinforcing，Scientists have the responsibility and ability to change bad scientific research culture，Because many scholars are also scientific researchers、Paper author，Also an bet365 mobile betting journal editor、Peer Review、Research funding application review and approval、A specific practitioner of bet365 mobile betting personnel recruitment, promotion and assessment work。

Neff thinks，Over the past few decades，Although bet365 mobile betting journals published by large publishers play an important role in disseminating knowledge，But scientific researchers、Scientific research funding agencies and taxpayers should not be "coerced" by these for-profit organizations，Meet their needs for constant pursuit of greater profits。Neff told reporters，He has decided not to serve as a reviewer or contribute to for-profit bet365 mobile betting journals unless necessary。