Academic Publishing is an important part of scientific research and scientific communication，The status of academic journals is particularly prominent。The number of thesis publications、Citation rate、Periodical impact factor and other indicators become scientific research productivity、Quality and influence evaluation and important reference basis for the review of scientific research funds。Although these quantitative publishing indicators are clearly visible，helps reduce prejudice in academic evaluation，But it also caused excessive influence in the academic publishing industry on the scientific community。Associate Professor Mark W. NEFF Reminder，Commercial academic publishing model with commercial publishing and rigid academic evaluation standards，It will have a negative effect on scientific progress。

　　bet365 Play online games

Naf proposed，Focus on the research evaluation policy of publishing statistics，Make a small number of large publishers achieve oligopoly monopoly on the academic publishing market，Obstructing academic "users" to obtain scientific research results。For example，There are as many as 2500 kinds of academic journals published by Ais Weier，Among them, a number of flagship journals in related disciplines such as "Willow Sword" and "Cell"。According to the 2019 annual report of Lixun Group，Ais Weier Company's revenue of 2.637 billion pounds，75%of them come from subscription fees。Evaluation of the company's organization、Edit、The number of academic articles published and Bet365 lotto review references accounted for 18%and 26%。

Due to Lixun Group、Spelinge · Nature Group、Taylor-Francis Publishing Group and other academic publishing giants have enough market control，So when they negotiate with subscribers with college libraries and other institutions, they have an advantage。Large publishers and content providers usually provide subscribers with set meals containing hundreds of or even thousands of journals，Even the journal that the subscriber actual needs only a small part。Subsiders can also choose a single subscription，But the price is high，It can not save funds significantly。To ensure that subscribers continue to purchase package，Some publishers also set up a "punishment mechanism": after stopping renewal，I will not be able to access the digital content I bought before。Given that many journals have only electronic versions，Subsiders have to buy expensive packages every year after year。

Universities need to subscribe to a large number of journals to support teaching and scientific research activities，The publisher can increase the subscription fee by 5%to 15%per year。Facing the rising subscription fee，The college library with limited funds has to reduce the type of subscription of the issue。Facing a single discipline、Independent packaging Package Periodicals became the first choice，No matter how high their utilization rate is。This means，Independent journals to survive，I have to invest in the "embrace" of the big publisher。Expressing over time，The academic publishing industry is increasingly limited to several large -scale publishing groups leading，They also received amazing profits。2014-2019，The operating profit margins adjusted by Lixun Group exceeded 30%。

In recent years，The cost of acquisition of scientific research continues to bet365 best casino games increase，The contradiction between the scientific community and the academic publishing industry is also increasing。A recent journal subscription contract of the University of California System and Ais Weimer expired on December 31, 2018，The two parties have different opinions when signing a new contract。The University of California hopes that Aisoner will keep a period of about $ 11 million per year.，and provide an open access service for the author from the University of California。Ais Weier agrees to provide a certain open access service，But it will be charged for $ 30 million in 3 years。February 2019，The University of California announced the termination of consultations，The university system that becomes the first in the United States that no longer renews Ai Simer's journal。Actions in the European scientific community earlier。2018，About 300 German and Swedish academic institutions have suspended the subscription contract with Ai Weimer update journal，More than 250 French academic institutions also stop subscribing to the journal published by Siplinge Nature Group due to cost problems。Academic content acquisition cost continues to rise，Not only does it cause strong dissatisfaction among university libraries and other content subscribers，Some scientific research funding institutions have also joined the trend of promoting open access and publishing。

　　Academic evaluation is too valued for publishing indicators

In addition to the strong control of the large publisher of the academic publishing market，Inappropriate scientific research evaluation policies have also made science a "captive" for publishing。This problem is particularly obvious in Mexico，Because the country adopts a national unified academic evaluation standard for researchers in the country。According bet365 best casino games to Naifu introduction，The early 1980s，Latin America National Economic Crisis，Many Mexican scientists' salary is not enough to maintain survival，I have to engage in part -time job with subsidy income，or flow to other countries。To protect and retain domestic scientific talents，The Mexican government founded the National Scientific Researcher System (SNI) in 1984，Researchers who are granted first for scientific researchers who meet the requirements of academic qualifications and output、Level 2、Level 3 or other honorary levels，and give a rich tax exemption salary subsidy that is consistent with the level。Under this system，All scientific researchers in Mexico were assigned to the evaluation committee in 7 fields to receive scientific research evaluation。Responsible for ecology、Life Science、Evaluation Committee in the field of chemistry as an example，Its evaluation standards are based on the number of papers and references based on "recognition"。"Acknowledged" refers to academic journals with the influence factors published in the citation database "Science Network".。This standard does not seem excessive，But the non -Yingwen periodical journals are almost excluded。In other words，Most of the local journals in Mexico or other Latin American countries are excluded。

Academic journals based on quality standards such as homework evaluation published by Mexico as examples，If these journals are not included by the "Science Network" or cannot meet the minimum value of the impact factor，It does not meet the evaluation standard of SNI。According to Nafu statistics，As of 2019，238 kinds of national academic journals included in the "Science Network"，There are 156 kinds of influencing factors not less than 0.5。That is to say，5408 academic journals published by Latin American bet365 best casino games countries，less than 3%of the "recognition" standard set by the II setting of the field evaluation committee。This situation is also very common in the SNI assessment of other disciplines of natural sciences。

similar to the journal，SNI evaluation must be published by "well -known publisher"，As Siplinge、Ais Weier、Taylor-Francis、John Weili et al.。This means that academic works published by Latin American countries often cannot become the scientific research results recognized by SNI evaluation。Neff said，SNI's academic evaluation policy This intention is to strengthen Mexico's scientific research strength，But excessively pay attention to "international" and despise "country" or "local"，As a Mexican scholar, I have to try to find ways that it is difficult to obtain、Published an article in foreign journals with high charges。

　　The benign relationship between rebuilding and publishing and science

　　Nev told this reporter，Scientific research quality assessment should not only pay attention to publishing indicators，It should also consider the role of funders who want to study and achieve the effect。The foundation document of modern American scientific policy，For example, Vannevar Bush, Director of the U.S. Science Research and Development Office, reported to US President Roosevelt in 1945, "Science: Ahead of the Style" and the legal documents established by the National Science Foundation of the United States.，Even basic research，It should also be promoted to improve human well -being (economic growth、Health improvement, etc.) is the target。The academic evaluation mechanism should include such goals into consideration。Now，A number of scientific research institutions in the world are trying new evaluation models，If scientific researchers are required to submit an influence description。Many researchers have participated in research that is beneficial to society，But the results may not be published in high -impact factor journals，Their contribution should also be recognized。

Promoting and open access helps to "liberate" scientific from publishing restrictions。The non -profit academic organization founded in 2000 in 2000 is an attempt with long -term development potential。The open access journal of 7 peer reviews published by the agency，These journals allow the author to retain the copyright of the article，Author、The author or funding agency owned by the author or funded by paying a article to handle fees to offset the management fee of peer evaluation、Online maintenance archive costs and other publishing costs。but but，Open access itself is not enough to reverse the twisted relationship between science and publishing，Scientists need to take the initiative to break this relationship。At least for the United States，Many scientific policies are caused by artificial and self -strengthening，Scientists have responsibility and ability to change bad scientific research culture，Because many scholars are both scientific researchers、Author of thesis，It is also an editor of academic journals、Peer review、Scientific research funding application approval、Specific practitioners who are employed and promoted by academic personnel。

Neff believes，For the past few decades，Although academic journals published by large publishers have played an important knowledge communication role，But scientific researchers、Scientific research funding institutions and taxpayers should not be "coercion" by these profit institutions，Meeting their demand for constantly chasing larger profits。Nev told reporters，He has decided that if not necessary, he will bet365 Play online games no longer serve as a judge for profit -seeking academic journals or contribute to such journals。