Discussion on the issue of philosophy，Science has always been the object of comparison of philosophy。Since the formation of modern science in the 17th century，Science reveals the law of the material world operation，greatly improved human well -being，Major theoretical breakthroughs and technological innovation are endless。Comparison of comparison，The philosophical world is even progressing for philosophy、What progress has been made、Whether progress is too slow and other issues have not reached a consensus。To better understand the reasons behind this phenomenon，Our reporter interviewed relevant experts and scholars。

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John L. Schellenberg, a professor of philosophy at Shengwen Manshan University in Canada, once said，Philosopher cyclically worried about the lack of progress for the discipline he studied。Inside the philosophy，Whether philosophy is improving from time to time。For this question，David Chalmers and other scholars such as David Chalmers and other scholars such as David Chalmers in the United States have used their country and Canada、UK、Researchers in the Department of Philosophy of University Philosophy in Australia and New Zealand conducted a survey。The results of the survey indicate，On a series of core philosophical issues，philosophers lack large -scale consensus。From this perspective，Philosophers do not think about the bet365 best casino games question of "whether philosophy is progressing"，Not surprising。

Aristotle's start in "Settlement of School": "Knowing is the nature of human beings。"，Science seems to be unable to explain everything that humans want to know，The development of science also brings more philosophical problems。Therefore，For most philosophers who will pursue truth as philosophy，The progress of philosophy is important。Chalmos breaks down the progress of philosophy into three problems: the first is "existing problems"，is whether philosophy has made progress; the second is the "comparative problem"，Whether the progress of philosophy is as many as science; the third is to "explain the problem"，Why did n’t philosophy make more progress。The metaphor of "half a cup of water" is used on the previous two questions: "half a cup of water is full" is a positive answer to "existing problems"，"Half a glass of water is empty" is a negative answer to "comparative problem"。The pessimistic of the progress of philosophy emphasized that "half a cup of water is empty"，People with optimism will use "half a cup of water to be full" to refute。Chalmos's view is，Philosophy is obviously improving，"Interpretation of the question" is the most critical。

Always，The questions raised by philosophers are far more than the answers provided。In some people's eyes，This seems to be a manifestation of little philosophical progress。Christopher Dala, a professor of philosophy at the University of Manchester University, believes，The cause of this phenomenon，Some are affected by people's definition and measure of "progress"。Some people focus on progress in the bet365 best casino games sense of problem solving，The progress of a discipline needs to answer important questions; other philosophical traditions may adopt other measurement standards，For example, how much comfort did philosophy bring people。

Deli proposed，We can divide philosophy into "big problems" and "small problems"。It is also the issue of "whether philosophy has achieved progress"，If you start from the "big problem" of "what is the essence of reality or value"，The academic community is sincere; whether a certain idea of ​​a certain problem is logically established、Whether to use the "small problem" as a "small problem" (fallar) or ambiguity，There are not so many disputes。other，Progress is sometimes "negative": Discover the loopholes in the argument，New distinction between correctness and errors may also be inspiring、Valuable。Of course，Many philosophers are not satisfied with such small -scale progress，Instead, insisting that philosophy should achieve greater progress。

From Deli,，Science's progress on "big problems" can be evidenced by records，The progress of philosophy in "big problems" is scattered and controversial。"Why is the speed of philosophy from falling behind science" is a good question，and "Philosophy is more difficult than science" is probably not a full explanation。It can be said，These two descriptions are the same thing。This leads to another philosophical problem: Why is the way of progress in philosophy different from science? This is essentially similar to Charmeos’s "interpretation problem"。

Deli said，Slow philosophical progress is the result of many factors interaction。Not only controversial Bet365 app download is the theory proposed by philosophers，There are many methods and data used to support theory。And，Philosophy issues are "entangled": answers to a question are often based on controversial assumptions of other questions。For example，Talking about morality，There is a definition problem at the same time (what is moral)、Copycare theory (how to judge whether a behavior is moral)、Motivation issues (why is moral important)。Each problem itself involves new problems，Forming the problem of staggered and horizontal staggered。

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Discussing the progress of philosophy needs to be clearly defined。The term "philosophy" can refer to general problems about human society or the natural world，can also refer to the systematic exploration of these problems。Daniel Stoljar, a professor of philosophy at the National University of Australia, told this reporter，Many periods in history、In different cultures around the world，Some problems have always been concerned by people，They are regarded as philosophical problems today。but，In many other areas，There are also such problems。initial，There is no clear division between philosophy and science，As a discipline systemic research philosophy problem is modern phenomenon。

The topic of philosophy runs through historical space -time，But the problem raised by people on the topic of philosophical topics depends on specific theory conditions，Will change over time。For example，Discussion on the relationship between the body and the soul，I often receive computer science in the currently being scientific、Biology、profound impact of linguistics bet365 live casino games and logic，This is not the case in the early stage。If you admit this difference，Philosophers of different eras on the same philosophical topics have raised different problems and their opinions are different，It is not a special situation in the field of philosophy，It will also appear in other fields。Storhar said，In our era，Philosophy can also be like other disciplines，Research problems with the great progress of science and technology。Whether it is philosophy or other disciplines，Able to achieve progress basically stems from the combination of hard work and good luck，No "Spiritual Cricket"。The questions raised by philosophers are far more than the answers provided，Don’t mean that philosophy lacks progress，In all scientific fields，People have more questions than answers。We don't need to define the "progress" of philosophy in some special way。People who are interested in themselves have a better understanding of themselves.，Philosophy is no exception。

In fact，Scientific progress can contribute to philosophy。Robert Sapolsky, a professor of neurosurgery and neurosurgery at Stanford University in the United States, proposed in the book "Behavior"，Many connections between biology and social behavior are very new discovery。Until a short ago，The biological mechanism behind most human behavior is not known for us。Similarly，Physics、Artificial Intelligence、Cultural Evolution research and other fields of development may also provide new information for philosophy、New views and new evidence。From this perspective，Science never "separate" with bet365 Play online games philosophy，and will continue to be used as the "left arm" of philosophy。

Philosophy and science have a mutually promoting role，Provide new ideas for each other、New data。Deli Suggestion，For better development of philosophy，Philosophers need to work harder，Science should be used as a precious resource library。Scientific discovery and scientific theory affect philosophy，Provide important help to philosophical thinking。For example，About space、Time、Cause and effect、Scientific research of motivation and emotional nature changed the scientific philosophy and spiritual philosophy。Formal Method (Formal Method) improves the rigor and accuracy of philosophy，Decision theory and game theory to make people treat rationality、The moral philosophy issues related to the contract have a deeper thinking。Future，We may be able to use artificial intelligence to perform inference tasks，But the formalization of the reasoning mode will be the difficulty of programming，Weight distribution will still be the responsibility of human programmers。Converse，Explanation in science -how to understand quantum theory、How to define a biological species，There is a problem with integration -the world described by physics and humans pass color、Smell、Action、What is the connection between the value of the values ​​and the experience of interpersonal interaction，Philosophy can help answer these questions。The advancement of the auxiliary reproductive technology brings unprecedented ethical issues; it is conflict when curbing the right of the prosperity and development of the bet365 live casino games ecological and environmental crisis，The conflict needs to be clear、There is principles、Balanced method。In these respects，Application philosophy is greatly available。