Loutersic Publishing House in the United Kingdom published a new book "Claire Craig) and Sarah Dillon, a professor of English Literature at Cambridge University in the University of Oxford University," Listen to the story: narrative evidence and public reasoning。In some areas that are still controversial，If climate change、Artificial intelligence, etc.，Public knowledge level affects public reasoning。The role of "story" as a narrative evidence in these fields，Craig and Dillon suggested that people make full use of stories to promote public reasoning，and reinterpret the connotation of public humanities。Two scholars have been interviewed by this reporter a few days ago，Introduce the core content of this new book。

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■ Claire Craig interviewees/Figure

　　Focus on the cognitive function of the story

　　"China Social Sciences":What causes you to explore the role of the story in public reasoning?

　　Craig:major social and political events that have occurred in recent years，For example, a financial crisis、Brexit "Brexit" referendum、New Crown pneumonia epidemic，Makes us feel that the value of the story is urgent to re -evaluate the story、strength and importance。"Listening Story" brings together the research results of interaction between stories and human behavior，Showing how the story affects public reasoning and decision -making。

Stories can help individuals know the world and others。We hope that readers can feel a meticulous thinking framework when reading，To understand the cognitive value of the story and how can the story enrich the public reasoning。

　　"China Social Sciences":In "Listen to the Story"，How do you define "story", "narrative evidence" and "public reasoning"?

　　Craig:This book borrows some terms and practical experience in other disciplines。Each discipline、Each practice has its own language system，Sometimes they use their own disciplines' exclusive words; sometimes use the same words as other disciplines，But the meaning of expression is different; sometimes different words are used to refer to concepts that are overlapped but incomplete。We also introduced a small number of new words，New ideas related to "Listening Story" with fingers、New concept。One highlight of this book is the vocabulary table at the end。This vocabulary can help readers understand why we use、How to use certain words，and some words that may be more familiar to readers why isn't it used or not used in a way they are familiar with。

We define "stories" as "narrative of causal relationships about what happened"，Among them, it contains active entity。The story can be shared and spread，Its form and content can cause emotions and cognition; it can be the text，It can also be a non -text。

"narrative evidence" can be regarded as the product of expert behavior，Including direct critical comment on the story and critical comment on how others absorb the story。Critical comment means clear and clear observation、Analysis、Thinking。"Listening Story" is the theory and practice of collecting "narrative evidence" to inspire decision -making (especially public reasoning and decision -making); "narrative evidence" is the result of "listening to the story"，is part of the basis of diversified evidence。

"Public Inference" is to borrow the "Science and Public Reason" at the "Science and Public Reason" professor of science and technology policy at Harvard University in the United States. Definition，is under the government's leaders，The process of building public rationality。

　　"China Social Sciences":You mentioned in the new book，There are four functions in the story，Please explain these four functions。

　　Dillon:We focus on the four cognitive features of the story，These functions are mainly related to system and collective，instead of related to individuals。The first function is to provide a new point of view，To inspire policy discussions and set related frameworks。For example，Many stories about alien intelligence convey such a signal: with new technologies such as machine learning，Smart may be redefined in various ways。Some stories explore the social role of distributed intelligence，instead of superficially thinking that thinking is limited to human -like entities (Humanoid Entity)。Policy issues that have already started the crosspoint of crossing points but are usually studied by very different professional fields，For example, artificial intelligence and climate change。

The second function of the story is to create collective identity，"Listening to the Story" will explore what these identities are in a new way、What does it mean。For example，"Listening Story" can reveal the collective characteristics of researchers in a certain field，Then explain the story、How does identity and research topics intertwine each other，What is the impact on scientific research and technology research and development direction and field composition。That is to say，Stories can help us identify various social groups，Understand their motivation and behavior，Knowing social norms and changes that are under or possible。

The third function of the story is modeling，It gives possibilities for explanation and understanding。One aspect，The story can help the creation and use of the non-narrative model。For example，Calculating modeling of extreme weather events can be used in the plot method of the story; in climate change、In the study of economics and epidemiology，The story can also be used as part of the scientific model。On the other hand，The story itself has the function of the narrative model。For example，Kim Stanley Robinson, a science fiction writer Kim Stanley Robinson, imagined the social and behavioral condition model that wasted the world in the novel "Aurora"，How to balance the material cycle、What types of governance and skills are needed。

In some cases，The story may be the only way to thoroughly think about the potential behavior of complex systems at the collective level。Stories do not provide scientific Bet365 lotto review knowledge，But for things that are not related to scientific knowledge，narrative evidence makes the agent reasoning possible;，The story provides another perspective and way of treatment。

The fourth function of the story is to form a new form of prediction。The financial turmoil in the story of the American writer Don de Lillo and others in the 1990s occurred in the 21st century. This scene depicts such a scene in the novel "The End of the World": the outbreak of the Third World War，Nuclear weapons destroyed the northern hemisphere，A few survivors are waiting for the radioactive settlement that is waiting for death in the southern hemisphere ... "The End of the World" indirectly affects the attitude of the international community in the 1960s in the 1960s，For example, the conclusion of the "Part of the Nuclear Test Treaty" in 1963。

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　　Promote the development of public humanities science forward

　　"China Social Sciences":What are the unique benefits of "Listening Story" to public reasoning? Is there a corresponding risk?

　　Craig:The intention of writing "Listening to the Story" is to give people more critical、Listen to the ability of existing stories more carefully。New Crown pneumonia epidemic、A series of challenges such as climate change is issuing a strong signal: humans need to change behavior mode in the next few decades、Adapt to the new environment。For this，You need to use all possible forms of evidence。Important issues of insufficient scientific evidence (such as the composition and operation of complex systems、Time and place of extreme destructive events)，or problems containing multiple dimensions (also involved social and cultural affairs and physics、Technology and Engineering System)，"Listening to the Story" helps to find a new reasoning method。In all these circumstances，We need to create and use narrative evidence to supplement scientific evidence，Establish a more powerful public reasoning mode。

The story has a strong persuasion effect，The risk of being improperly used or generated without controlling consequences bet365 live casino games already exists。"Listening to the Story" is to find a new method to control these risks，enable people to better understand the truth and lies。Some people may worry that narrative evidence will replace or distort、Destroy scientific evidence。To avoid this worry，We emphasize that narrative evidence must be part of the basis of diversified evidence。Another，For humanities science scholars，What is the expansion of humanities、Self-Concept will be a challenge。

You can think of，In the context of different countries，Considering the decision -making system and structure、Differences in the cultural heritage of the story，Our argument in "Listening to the Story" should be adopted by local conditions。We hope that this work will be completed by those with suitable professional knowledge and skills，I also look forward to communicating and cooperating with other scholars，Carry out further research。

　　"China Social Sciences":How to understand the concept of public humanities?

　　Dillon:The meaning of public humanities is very wide，It is often defined in practice: academic personnel to spread the results of human scientific research results outside the academic circles。Sometimes，Public Humanities also cover humanities research activities that invite public participation during the research design and investigation stage，This is to make academic research more interactive、Mutuality。For example, the British National Human Science Festival "Being Human"。It is from the University of London, the University of London, England、British Art and Humanities Research Council (AHRC)、British Academy (British Academy) cooperation is held，Display the value and correlation of human research，Encourage more British public to participate in humanistic sciences。

In a wider sense，Any work that proves the public value of humanities in theory or practice can be regarded as public humanities。It can be scientific communication、Scientific research cooperation，It can also be a history of humanities、Now、In the Bet365 app download future and the intellectual exploration of the relationship between the humanities and the public and the general public，It can also include ordinary people、Commercial institutions、Government、contact between non -human scientific scholars and humanities、Thinking of humanities science。Current，Public humanistic science is often understood as a narrow sense as spreading humanistic knowledge to non -academic population，This is undoubtedly an obstacle to the complexity and advanced evolution of public humanities theory and practice，Restricted its development possibilities。"Listening Story" provides theory and practice for humanities to participate and inspire public reasoning and policy formulation，Promoting the development of public humanities and sciences。

　　"China Social Sciences":In the field of human science and social sciences，"narrative" is an extremely common concept。In the academic category，What is the difference between "narrative" and "story"?

　　Craig:We are based on English academic literature，Too large -scale literature reviews on the use of "narrative" on each discipline。Generally speaking，When researchers want to discuss "Story" seriously and seriously，and directly or implicitly demonstrate why it should do this，They seem to tend to use "narrative" instead of "story"。but but，"narrative" and "story" are essentially synonymous，There is no conflict in their definitions。So，Why these two words are used in different contexts，And "narrative" is more commonly used than "story"? Our opinion is，First，"narrative" sounds more solemn，It can make the topic of discussion more serious。Next，Using "narrative" can avoid relevant non -fiction and fiction to a certain extent、Real and non -true complex problems，"Story" more often with fiction、Non -true connection。

We named "Listening Story" for the new book because "story" is closer to fiction than "narrative"，It can be referred to as literature and film and television works、Social media、Oral Tradition and other forms bet365 best casino games of materials compiled (created by imagination)。By using the word "story"，We want to emphasize，Whether it is closer to the "fiction" story，Still closer to the story of "narrative"，A cognitive value can be generated by treating stories seriously。