Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism，is the common expectation of the people。After more than 40 years of rapid development after reform and opening up，Our country has built a moderately prosperous society in all respects，Laid a solid foundation for solidly promoting common prosperity in the new stage of development。General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out，Promote common prosperity，The most difficult and arduous tasks still lie in rural areas。Therefore，We must take narrowing the gap in income bet365 apuestas between urban and rural areas as an important starting point，Consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation，Solidly promote the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas。

　　The gap between urban and rural income bet365 apuestas fluctuates in an interval

Since the reform and opening up，my country’s economy and society have developed rapidly，Gradually becoming the world’s second largest economy，People’s living standards have improved significantly，Achieved world-renowned achievements。The Party Central Committee has gone through a series of creative practices and reforms，Gradually established bet365 apuestas according to work as the mainstay、bet365 apuestas system with multiple bet365 apuestas methods coexisting。In the process of progressive bet365 apuestas system reform，The income bet365 apuestas gap between urban and rural areas in my country shows a range fluctuation。

1978-1983 was the exploratory period for the reform of my country’s bet365 apuestas system。On the one hand, the Party Central Committee established the "emancipation of the mind"，The ideological policy of “seeking truth from facts”，Removing ideological obstacles to correctly understand and implement the principle of bet365 apuestas according to work；On the other hand, it criticizes egalitarianism for excessive pursuit of equal sharing of wealth，In practice, it deviates from the principle of bet365 apuestas according to work。Reform took the lead in rural areas，The household contract responsibility system links farmers’ income to the results of their labor，Overcoming the egalitarian bet365 apuestas model，Farmers’ income levels have increased rapidly。1978-1983，The income gap between urban and rural residents has narrowed，The per capita income ratio of urban and rural residents increased from 2.57 dropped to 1.82。

From 1984 to 1991, my country further clarified the reform direction of the bet365 apuestas system。Proposed by the 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，Implement a variety of bet365 apuestas methods on the premise of bet365 apuestas according to work。The focus of reform shifts from rural to urban areas，Start from the wage reform of state-owned enterprises to reform the bet365 apuestas system。1984，Comrade Deng Xiaoping proposed that “under the socialist system，It can make some areas rich first，Then it will lead to common prosperity in other regions”。Since then，The Party Central Committee encourages some people to get rich first through honest work and legal operations，TVE、Individual private enterprises and "foreign-funded" enterprises have developed rapidly，This objectively requires a new bet365 apuestas method to adapt to it。1984-1991，The per capita income ratio of urban and rural residents increased from 1.84 increased to 2.4，The gap gradually widens。

From 1992 to 1996, the establishment of the bet365 apuestas system in our country was an important symbol。The essence of socialism makes it clear that all reforms, including bet365 apuestas reforms, are for the purpose of liberating and developing productive forces，Let all people move towards common prosperity。The Third Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out，Adhere to bet365 apuestas according to work as the main body、Multiple bet365 apuestas methods coexist，Embody efficiency first、Taking into account the principle of fairness。We must avoid egalitarianism，We must avoid polarization。1992-1996，The per capita income ratio of urban and rural residents increased from 2.58 dropped to 2.51，The gap is shrinking。

From 1997 to 2003, the reform of my country’s bet365 apuestas system entered a period of deepening。Proposed by the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，Allow and encourage capital、Technology and other production factors participate in income bet365 apuestas，And insist on "efficiency first，Taking into account fairness”。This bet365 apuestas method helps to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of workers from all walks of life and various factors of production，Promoting rapid economic development、While increasing the income level of the people，It also further widened the income bet365 apuestas gap between urban and rural areas。1997-2003，The income ratio of urban and rural residents increased from 2.47 to 3.23，The gap widens further。

From 2004 to the present, my country’s bet365 apuestas system reform has shifted towards the income bet365 apuestas gap、The issue of shared development and common prosperity。After the Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee，The bet365 apuestas principle begins to "focus on social equity"。The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out，The relationship between efficiency and fairness must be properly handled in both initial bet365 apuestas and redistribution，Redistribution pays more attention to fairness。Proposed by the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，Adhere to the principle of bet365 apuestas according to work，Improve the system and mechanism of bet365 apuestas by factors，Promote a more reasonable bet365 apuestas of income、More orderly。The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China emphasized，Promote common prosperity。It can be seen from this，Narrowing the income bet365 apuestas gap in the new stage of development、Promoting the common prosperity of all people has become a new proposition in the reform of the bet365 apuestas system。With the deepening of the reform of the bet365 apuestas system，The per capita income ratio of urban and rural residents from 2004 to 2020 increased from 3.21 dropped to 2.56，The gap continues to narrow。

　　Multiple factors affect the urban-rural income bet365 apuestas gap

Currently，The gap between urban and rural income bet365 apuestas in my country is still prominent，Profoundly affecting the stable development of my country’s economy and society，Restricting the realization of the goal of common prosperity。

In terms of bet365 apuestas system，Due to differences in quantity and quality of labor that workers can provide，The result of bet365 apuestas according to work will inevitably lead to differences in the pay of different workers。At the same time，“Participation in bet365 apuestas based on factor contribution” increases the proportion of non-labor income in residents’ income。However，There is a large gap in the production factors occupied by urban and rural residents，The non-labor income obtained by farmers based on factor contribution cannot be compared with that of urban residents，Further widening the income bet365 apuestas gap between urban and rural residents。

In terms of industry-biased policies，Early days of the founding of New China，Limited by the national conditions and complex international situation at that time，The Party Central Committee gives priority to the development of heavy industry，Had no choice but to adopt the industry-biased policy of "working and occupying the profits of agriculture"。On the one hand，Collect agricultural taxes from farmers，Accumulate funds for industrial development，But it also directly increases the burden on farmers。On the other hand，The state purchases and sells agricultural and sideline products at prices lower than their actual value，Implementing "scissors difference" in agricultural product prices，Provide low-cost production materials for industrial sector production。The industrial bias of giving priority to the development of heavy industry has affected the modernization development process of my country’s agriculture to a certain extent，Thus exacerbating the urban-rural income bet365 apuestas gap。

In terms of dual economic structure，In the process of modernization，Our country has formed a dual economic structure in which the urban economy dominated by modern industry and the bet365 apuestas economy dominated by traditional agriculture coexist。The urban economy is mainly characterized by large-scale machine production with clear social division of labor，Via Capital、Technology、Invest knowledge and other resources into large-scale operations。The total output of industry and services increases with the increase of capital and labor input，Generate increasing returns to scale effect，And iterate with the update of production technology，Promote the rapid development of productivity。In my country’s bet365 apuestas economy, most of the land is contracted by the family unit，Agricultural production presents a small-scale decentralized management pattern，Unable to form a large-scale mechanized production model。Agricultural production is mainly labor-intensive production，Technical participation and contribution are relatively low，Leading to the slow development of agricultural productivity。Agricultural output is also restricted by climatic conditions，Higher production risk。Differences in production efficiency between urban and bet365 apuestas areas due to production methods，Determines the economic income gap of corresponding workers。

　　Narrowing the gap between urban and bet365 apuestas areas to promote common prosperity

The key to realizing common prosperity for farmers and rural areas，To solve the problem of urban-rural income bet365 apuestas gap。First, deepen the reform of the bet365 apuestas system。Adhere to bet365 apuestas according to work as the main body，Increase the proportion of labor remuneration in the initial bet365 apuestas，Eliminate the huge gap with other factor allocations，Sound legal system，Protect earned income。Improving the reasonable wage growth mechanism，Promote workers’ wage income growth to be consistent with economic and social development。At the same time，Adjust the minimum wage standard in a timely manner，Comprehensively improve the income and living standards of low-income groups。Optimizing the fiscal expenditure structure，Increase investment in social security and improvement of people’s livelihood expenditures，Reasonably improve the minimum living security level for urban and rural residents，Ensuring the rights and interests of children from low-income families in compulsory education。Make good use of the third allocation，Smooth channels for people from all walks of life to participate in charity，Encourage and guide high-income groups to actively establish and participate in charities，Improving the supervision and management mechanism，Increase the credibility and transparency of philanthropy。

The second is to promote large-scale agricultural operations。Actively promote the organic connection between small farmers and the development of modern agriculture，Vigorously cultivate and develop bet365 apuestas collective economy。Deeply promote the reform of bet365 apuestas management system，Implement the policy of extending the land contract period for 30 years，Establish and improve the bet365 apuestas land transfer system，Provide institutional and material guarantees for large-scale agricultural operations。Improving financial availability in bet365 apuestas areas，Improving financial policies that favor “agriculture, bet365 apuestas areas and farmers”，Further relax agricultural loan conditions，Let funds flow to the agricultural production sector，Provide financial guarantee for large-scale management of bet365 apuestas land。Improving agricultural product price protection and subsidy policies，Appropriately increase the protective price of agricultural products，Improving the economic benefits of agricultural products，Effectively increase farmers’ income。

The third is to increase investment in rural development。Increase investment in rural education。Rural education is a key means to narrow the gap between urban and rural income bet365 apuestas。Payment via fiscal transfer、Encourage and guide all sectors of society to invest in rural education，Promote the reasonable mobility of urban and rural teachers，Promote the development of rural education。Further improve the level of rural social security，Improving the new rural cooperative medical insurance system，Simplify the reimbursement process，Focus on strengthening compensation for seriously ill patients，Improving the rural pension insurance system and service system。Increase investment in rural infrastructure construction，Raising funds through multiple channels，Used to strengthen farmland water conservancy and rural roads、Electricity、Telecom and other infrastructure construction，Increase farmers’ income through work-for-work relief。

The fourth is to deepen the reform of the household registration system。Promote the urbanization of agricultural transfer population，To promote new urbanization，Narrowing the gap between urban and rural income bet365 apuestas，Important content to promote common prosperity。On the one hand，According to the principle of "whatever you wish to do"，Further lowering the threshold for settlement，Organically relax restrictions on urban settlement except for a few megacities，Encourage qualified cities to cancel the annual settlement quota。On the other hand，Gradually improve the household registration system for habitual residence，Improvement takes the place of residence as the carrier、Basic public service supply mechanism linked to conditions such as length of residence，Enable the permanent population to enjoy the same basic public services as the registered population。

　　(Author’s bet365 apuestas: School of Economics, Fujian Normal University)