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South Opera also known as Wenzhou miscellaneous drama、Yongjia miscellaneous drama、Yongjia Opera，is the history of ancient Chinese opera and "miscellaneous drama"、"Legend"、Four Classical Opera forms in the "Flower Department"，In these four classical opera forms，The earliest formation of southern opera，At the time of the Northern and Southern Song Dynasty，It is the first mature opera form in the history of ancient opera in my country，Such as the record of the "Yongjia Opera" and Ming Zhu Yunming's "Gua Tan" about Song Guangzong's Nample Bannan Opera in the end of Song Xun's "Shuiyun Village Manuscript · Poetist Wu Yongzhang Biography" in the late Song Dynasty.，It shows that Nan opera has been generated and circulated during the Song Dynasty。

　　South Opera Research is an important part of the study of opera history

South Opera has a long historical source，During the development process，A large number of drama works，Leave a rich legacy，If only "Yongle Ceremony"、Ming Xu Wei "South Ci narrative"、Qing Niu Shaoya "Nanqu Jiu Palace" and other historical records，There are 167 kinds of southern drama。The script form created by the South Opera、Foot color system、Music structure、Freehand performance forms, etc.，All laid the basic form of Chinese opera。But because South Opera is born in the folk，The author is lower literati or folk artist，It was called "Book Talent" at the time，"Zhang Xieyuan" in Wenzhou's "Jiushan Book Club"，"The Children of the Gate" made by "Ancient Hangzhou"，"Little Sun Tu" was made by the "Guzhou Hangzhou Book Bet365 app download Club"，So，South Opera is not valued by literati bachelor，The literati songists mostly use the "Pipa" written by the literati author Gao Ming at the end of the Yuan Dynasty as "the ancestor of the legend"， Eliminated the existence of folk South opera during the Song and Yuan Dynasties，It also makes "Lost an important link in the history of opera"。

Since modern times，With the deepening of the history of Chinese opera，South Opera Research has gradually become an important part of the study of opera history，and formed an independent discipline- "South Opera Learning"。Modern South Opera Studies started from Wang Guowei's "History of Song and Yuan Opera"。"History of the Song and Yuan Dynasties" created a new research method，I have proposed many important creative opinions，It is regarded as a masterpiece of new songs in the 20th century，Research on South Opera about Wangguo，It is also pioneering。In "History of the Song and Yuan Dynasties"，There are two chapters who specialize in South Opera，That is Chapter 14 "The Origin of the South Opera" and Chapter 15 "The Article of Yuannan Opera"。From Wang Guowei in "History of Song and Yuan Opera", the use of new research methods，After studying and commentary on Nan opera，It has attracted the emphasis on the form of drama that has been ignored in the long -term drama in the academic community，In the late 1920s and the early 1930s，Some discussions and papers that have studied South Opera appeared，Ru Qian Yangyang's "Song and Yuan Nan Opera Hundred One Record"、"Song and Yuan Nan Opera Test"、"On the Origin of South Opera"，Zhao Jingshen's "Song and Yuan Opera Text"、"Southern Opera of Wenzhou"，Feng Yijun and Lu Kanru's "Southern Opera Pick", etc.，So far，Southern Opera has gradually become an important subject in the study of opera history。With the deepening of bet365 live casino games the study of South Opera，Establishing the academic value and significance of the establishment of South Opera is also increasingly valued by the academic world，If some scholars propose: "To study the history of Chinese opera，Prosperity and development of contemporary opera，It is necessary to study South Opera，It is necessary to establish ‘South Opera Learning’，Academic Research on South Opera，Improve to summarize the laws of Chinese drama culture development，Promote the prosperity of contemporary opera，Improving the height of improving the spiritual civilization of the whole nation and the height of promoting international cultural exchanges。”

We think，Establishing the academic value and academic significance of establishing southern opera, there are four main points。First, strengthen national culture soft power and international influence of Chinese culture。Tragedy and Comedy of Chinese Opera and Ancient Greece、India's Sanskrit drama is also known as the world's three major ancient dramas，Tracking the source，South Opera is the earliest mature opera form in China，Tragedy and Comedy with Ancient Greece、India's Brahma is the earliest mature drama of the nation，Compared with the early drama forms of other ethnic groups，South Opera has unparalleled artistic charm。

Second is to promote the development and prosperity Bet365 lotto review of contemporary opera。Due to the script form of South Opera、The music structure of the song body、The foot color system dominated by Shengdan、Freehand stage performances are inherited by the opera of later generations，So，Study on the art form of South Opera，Understanding the development history of Chinese opera art forms，Summarize the evolution of Chinese opera art，Provide experience and reference for the development of Chinese opera，to promote the development and prosperity of contemporary opera。

Third is to enrich and inherit the literary heritage and artistic heritage，Improve the construction of spiritual civilization of the whole nation。South Opera produced a large number of dramas during the development process，These dramas carry rich national cultural connotation，It is an important part of ancient Chinese literary heritage and artistic heritage，So，Research on South Drama，It plays an important role in inheriting and promoting the excellent literary heritage and artistic heritage of ancient my country。

Fourth is to provide the theoretical basis for promoting and inheriting the art of Kunqu opera，Promote the art of Kunqu art better to the world。South Opera is the earliest opera formed by China，It is also the most influential opera，Kunqu opera，It is the reproduction of Kunqiang, one of the four major vocals of the South Opera，It is the direct relic of South Opera，Its script form、Foot color system、Arcade and many classic repertoires are inherited from South Drama。So，Establishing South Opera，In -depth research on South Opera，Not only can provide theoretical basis for promoting and inheriting Kunqu art，and can also promote Kunqu opera better to the world。

　Establishing "South Opera Learning" has a reliable basis for academic theory

Research on South Opera from the study of the history of opera，Create an independent discipline "South Opera Learning"，With a reliable basis for academic theory。

Because South Opera produces in the folk，The tunes they use are also taken from the small tone of folk songs familiar to the people in the lower levels。As the Ming Dynasty Xu Wei's "Nan Ci narrative" contains: "Yongjia miscellaneous drama，Then it is the small song of the village square，No Palace Tone，Rare rhythm，Twenty of her tear farm city women can only sing，The so -called ‘casual Bet365 lotto review order’ person，is its skills? "In the tunes used in the South Opera" Zhang Xie Championship "，such as [Dong'er Ling]、【Fuqing Song】、[Taizhou Song]、【Wu Xiaosi】、【Zhao Pi Shoes】 and so on，All Wenzhou、Folk Ballads circulating in Fujian area。Folk songs are singing in the way of passing by the cavity，Each song，There are fixed melody。Because South Opera uses folk songs as tunes，Therefore, it also inherited the singing method of vulgar ballad，Its tunes also have the characteristics of the fixed accent such as folk songs，That is to sing different text with a fixed melody when singing，As long as the number of words in the song can be accommodated for the melody of the tune，Although the sound of the same tunes is different，Dan Sentence and the number of words are rarely involved。So，Although there were different dialects in all parts of the south at that time，The words are different，Opera actors in various places can sing the same tunes with local dialects。Also because of this，South Opera during the circulation，There have been many vocals with different local characteristics。

South Opera's performance form and song body structure and mixed drama、Legend、Flowers are all different。Miscellaneous dramas use Beica、A 40 % off script form，A foot color system that is leading a foot color is different from the southern drama，Flower Department uses the music structure of the plate cavity，It is also different from the music structure of the south opera. Only the Ming and Qing legend developed on the basis of South Opera is in the form of the script、Foot color system、Music structure is closer to South Opera，But there are also great differences。

The academic community usually uses the reform of the Kunshan cavity of the South Opera as the division of the South Opera Kunshan cavity，bet365 best casino games It is after Wei Liangfu reforms the Kunshan cavity of the South Opera， Change the structure of the south opera，The singing method of the original passage of the South Opera，Singing method to be fixed by the word sound，and uniformly adopt Zhongzhou sound singing。If he proposed in "Southern Ci": "Five sounds are mainly four sounds，But the four sounds are not suitable，Then five tones are abandoned。"The so -called" five sounds are mainly four sounds "，That is, the cavity of the word (music melody)，is the palace、Business、Corner、Zheng、Yu and other five sounds，Ping of the character、Part、Go、Determine in four sounds。So，The legendary song structure has the characteristics of fixed word and indefinite sentences，The word tune、Sentence can increase or decrease，The same song card，due to words、Different sentences，You can have a variety of different cavities，This also leads to a difference in the cavity of the cavity and South opera。Ru Ming Shen Chong Sui pointed out the difference between the legendary body and the south drama body in "Duquid and String Law": "Same as this string，In the past, there is a formula for the past，This is the slave of the song according to the harmony of the sound。Always brand name，This set of singing methods，No one set; always the front cavity，Shouqu accent，Non -Tongju。Use changes into novelty，Betting the palm as humble;，Different Thousands of Eighty -Nine。Even in today's style and now，without catching it，Want to one of the ancient rope，"therefore ，He believes that Wei Liangfu's reform，Make the South Opera Kunshan cavity of the "water mill tone"，"Good Auxiliary Stream，Gongshi Tune Kui Kui "，But Wei Liangfu's reform also leads to mutation of the song，Therefore Wei Liangfu is "betrayal of Gu Rong"。

For traditional Chinese opera with song Bet365 app download singing as the main performance method，The body structure is the main sign of different opera forms and dramas，Since the south opera body and miscellaneous drama、Legend、The body of the flower department has different characteristics，So，We can study it as an independent form of opera，And this is exactly the basis of establishing "South Opera learning"。

　(Author Unit: School of Humanities, Wenzhou University)

　　

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