Educational thoughts of American educator Herchins (1899-1977), especially general education ideas in the American education industry，or even the history of the development of world education has an important impact。early 20th century，Herchins's popularity and utilitarian thoughts for the prevalence of the United States，It proposed its unique general general education ideas，The feasibility and effectiveness of the idea have been tested by practice。Through in -depth study of Herchins’s general education ideas and practice，You can obtain beneficial educational concepts and practical experience。

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In the 19th century, American industrialization and urbanization developed rapidly，further enlarged the American pragmatism thinking，Formed a social trend of pragmatism and utilitarianism，The formulation of educational concepts and education policies of American universities at that time、Implementation has brought a certain impact。The popularity of pragmatism in the United States has caused a certain impact on its development of higher education，But at the time，This social trend has not yet dominated in colleges and universities。In the first half of the 20th century, the publicity and promotion of Dewey，Practicalism has gradually risen to the leading ideas of American universities。Educational ideas dominated by pragmatism were in line with the characteristics and needs of the United States at that time，and has certain progress significance，If it is promoted to the bet365 Play online games development of US higher education to the development of professionalization and professionalization，Cultivated a lot of high -quality professional talents for the construction of the United States at that time。But in the 1930s，U.S. higher education over emphasizes academic divisions and elective systems，As a result, students pay more attention to practicality rather than academicity，Vocational education gradually becomes dominant，The rational principles in college education are gradually lost。Affected by over -pragmatic social thoughts，The development of higher education in the United States is hindered。

For this，Many educators and scholars in the West have begun to reflect and start criticism，Among them, Herchins was the most intense and most influential critics at the time。It is based on the criticism of Dewey's pragmatism and utilitarianism，Herchins formed its unique general education ideas。

　　The main content of general education

General Education，Also known as "Talent Education", "General Education" or "General Education"，It has a long history of development，Occupy a certain position in the traditional education of the West。Herchins vigorously advocates general education，Its purpose is to restore this tradition。

The development and implementation of general education，The primary work is to clarify the purpose of education。Herchins thinks，The development of all the work of colleges and universities is based on recognizing the goal，Therefore, the university recognizes the goal，and recognizing that the main goal is crucial。Based on your own view of human nature and metaphysics，Herincus proposed its unique general education ideas and related views bet365 Play online games on the purpose of general education。Based on your own view of human nature，Herchins thinks，Find out unlimited places、Unlimited time -consistent human nature in common is one of the goals of general education。Although different institutions、Education in different places has differences，But these differences are details，There are certain similarities in all society，So education represents teaching，Teaching represents knowledge teaching，Only with knowledge can you have the truth，The truth in anywhere is the same。Because of this，Education anywhere is the same。Based on my own metaphysical view，Herchins thinks，General education must be for the purpose of pursuing "wisdom" and "good"，Once you get rid of this purpose，General education cannot be implemented in colleges and universities。Education must start working with people as the core，Promoting the comprehensive development of students as the prerequisite for education。If educational activities fail to recognize this purpose，So its development will also deviate from the right track，Lost direction of moving forward。He also further emphasized the pursuit of "wisdom" and "perfection" is the ultimate purpose of human development。To sum up，In Herchins’s general education ideas，The purpose of college education is to clarify the truth and obtain wisdom，On the other hand, through the pursuit of "perfection"，Cultivate students who have developed comprehensive development。

Universities must achieve general education purpose，The role of educating people to play general education，cannot be separated from the corresponding courses。In its book "American bet365 live casino games Higher Education"，Herchins mentioned that the US higher education at that time was very chaotic，Cantile for the "dilemma"。To solve the "dilemma"，The key lies in formulating a general education course that pursues knowledge and rationality，And these courses must be based on the research of eternal value。So，"Eternal Learning" is the core task of college implementing general education。Questions about "What is Eternal Learning"，Herchins believes that the eternal learning is mainly due to the study of eternal knowledge，That is to learn excellent classic masterpieces。Even if a masterpiece has a long history，But it has a strong practical significance at any time。Each classic masterpiece is the high degree of condensation of the best thinking during its generation，Its importance surpasses the limit of time and space。but，The US higher education at that time ignored the classic masterpiece of professors，and the general education reform advocated by Herchins，I believe that the entire learning task can only be completed through the learning of classic masterpieces。From the view of Hechinus，Education without masterpieces cannot make students understand any discipline and today's world，It will not be able to develop general education。Under the influence of classic masterpieces，It is conducive to guiding the development and practice of students' thinking，General Education is conducive to professional learning for students、Future Life、Build a foundation for work and other aspects。

To avoid repeating the last two years of high school and the previous two years of university，and clarify the difference between professional education bet365 best casino games and general education，Herchins believes that it is necessary to implement a new educational system in stages。For example。Based on this，Some students can choose a 4 -year general education education; others can choose to focus on technicality、Professional education，But I also learn a certain general general education course。Education institutions that implement the former are called "School of Liberty Education"，Education institutions that implement the latter are called "School of Technology"。But in the later period，Herchins' views on general education and professional education have changed，It is believed that professional education is based on general education，You can conduct general education first，Then start professional education。other，Herchins thinks，It is very important to improve the supporting system in the process of implementing general education，and this supporting system needs to be based on a metaphysical basis。In his opinion，If you can recover the status of metaphysics and go to school in higher education，So it is conducive to establishing a reasonable order in universities and the entire world。In addition，Some unfavorable factors in the process of implementing general education reform for American universities at that time，Herchins thinks，It is necessary。

　　Objective understanding of general education

Herchins is one of the initiatives of the general education reform of American universities in the first half of the 20th century，A specific historical period based on the development of American social，Herchins vigorously advocates general education ideas and its reform practice。The role of its general educational thoughts and practice bet365 best casino games has already surpassed the region、Restrictions of Time，For different countries、Universities in different periods have a large or small impact。

On the one hand，By absorbing the theory of classic masterpieces and classical higher education，Herchins founded its unique general general education ideas，strongly hit the high -ranking trend of pragmatism in American universities at that time，To a certain extent, it eliminates practicality、Vulgarization、Money、Professional trend and other trends of thoughts brought by high education。On the other hand，Herchins’s general education thought is based on students，Pay more attention to the development of human nature rather than the development of human beings，Pay attention to the thinking training and comprehensive development of college students，Have a certain value。Affected by the general education of Hecincus，More and more universities no longer emphasize excessive emphasis on professionalism and vocational education，Instead, pay more attention to the basic training and comprehensive development of college students，It is conducive to promoting the coordinated and sustainable development of students。

But，Limited by a specific historical background，Herchins’s general education ideas will inevitably have certain limitations。For example，Excessive distinction of general education and professional education，Not conducive to the cultivation of professional talents; excessive respect for classic masterpieces，and ignore the learning of the best works now，and ignored the learning of excellent oriental culture，It has certain conservativeness and prejudice; strongly respects rational speculation，bet365 best casino games without paying attention to the practical skills needed in social development，so that school education is derailed with real life、Disclosure with social development。

(Author Unit: College of Marxism University in South China University)