Speech class switching is very common in languages ​​as they change，The name rotation is becoming increasingly prominent in both English and Chinese。Fresh uses of bet365 free bets rotation in English continue to emerge，Example: "bet365 free bets’s 747 to bet365 free bets York”。This phenomenon is also common in ancient Chinese，In modern Chinese, there were fewer in the past，And it is gradually increasing in today’s Internet language and spoken language。"雷人" in today's Chinese、“Cheating”、“Stop staying at home”、“You’ve been blacklisted” has become a popular phrase，The new shopping method has also spawned many famous rotation usages，For example, "This appliance was sold out as soon as it was put on the shelves yesterday"，"S.F. Express will be delivered to you this afternoon" etc.。The reason why rotation is possible，Generalization of bet365 free bets、Metaphorical、Related to the equivalence and conversion of bet365 free bets and sentences，The knowledge and metaphorical ability shared by the speaker and the listener are the pragmatic basis for generating and understanding noun turns。

　　The generality and metaphorical nature of bet365 free bets lead to word-sentence conversion

　　Sometimes one word can summarize a sentence，This reflects the "holographic nature" between bet365 free bets and sentences (holography) and "bet365 free bets" (bet365 free bets）。Based on the above characteristics，Under the framework of systemic functional grammar theory，bet365 free bets are equal to clauses embodying syntactic features，So the two are collectively called the "lexicogrammatical layer"。Cognitive construction grammar advocates that vocabulary and syntax have the characteristics of a continuum。Constructions are seen as supplementary to vocabulary and syntax，The two can be converted into each other，For example, "the bowl was beaten" is equivalent to "the bowl was broken"。Iconicity and conversion between bet365 free bets and sentences or phrases，Making name rotation psychologically possible。

　　The generality and referentiality of Chinese，Enables both verbal phrases and single nouns to serve as subjects。simultaneously，The subject in both English and Chinese can be an event with a subject-predicate structure，And these events can be summarized with one noun，People are familiar with the conversion between nouns and sentences or sentences and bet365 free bets，And the expression of name rotation is also understood。

　　Nominal constructions often contain the meaning of verbs or adjectives，For example: "Brand awareness" actually expresses the content of the clause with verb-object structure "pay attention to the brand"。Nominalization reflects the transformation of one process into another，The change from verb to noun reflects the process of conversion from behavior to matter，This process can be seen as a metaphorically constructed entity，That is, it is reflected in the form of a noun after metaphorization。It is the process of nominalization，That is, the metaphorical usage of entities realizes the transformation of parts of speech and the transformation of bet365 free bets and sentences。As in the sentence "to achieve modernization"，“Modernization” has a referential function，In "The industry has modernized"，“Modernization” acts as a predicate verb，Reflect the statement function。The "modernization" in both sentences includes actions to achieve modernization and elements related to "modernization"，As a noun or verb, both express the process of an event，Therefore, similar noun-verb conversion is easy to understand because the semantics are intact and unchanged。

　　Name bet365 free bets has a cognitive basis

　　On the one hand，The speaker and the listener need to have a shared knowledge base。This foundation includes language and encyclopedic knowledge，The former refers to understanding the implicit and contextual meaning of bet365 free bets，The latter includes background knowledge of the topic。Dutch psycholinguist Stephen Levinson (bet365 free bets) holds that，In bet365 free bets’s memory storage，There are several self-evident "normal relationships"，That is, the relationship between all things in the world，The corresponding "conventional understanding" is the reductive interpretation that bet365 free bets achieve，That is, common consciousness。Shared cognitive experience，Often self-evident，mentionedAI can contact bet365 free bets naturallyB，So you can "say as little as possible"。Just because people know that "the donkey is angry"，"hoof" and "hoof" in "both left and right"、The main function of "elbow"，It is also easy to understand its meaning when used as a bet365 free bets。Same，When people say "He ducked in"，Also refers to the behavior of "him" hunching over like a "monkey"。There are many similar examples in English，such as "elbow his way out bet365 free bets crowd”，Almost all nouns of human body parts can be rotated。In addition，If the verb converted from a bet365 free bets is a typical transitive verb that can take an object，Then the burden of understanding will be lighter，And such nouns are more likely to be converted into nouns and verbs。

　　On the other hand，People need to use metaphors。Metaphor and metonymy are the main mechanisms by which the usage or function of bet365 free bets changes or expands the meaning of bet365 free bets。For example: "Stop being such a mother-in-law"，"Mother-in-law" represents "verbal or nagging"。The "mush" in "his brain is muddled" refers to "his thinking is unclear"。Understanding metaphors also involves cultural differences，Many bet365 free bets，such as color bet365 free bets、Both plant and animal bet365 free bets have obvious linguistic and cultural characteristics。Such as "Hu is not dead，The temples are first in autumn”，“Autumn” refers to old age in life，Visibly showing the whitening of the temples，It has typical Chinese characteristics。

　　The understanding of the name bet365 free bets can be divided into three steps

　　The interpretation of noun-verb conversion can be roughly divided into three steps: first，Using a noun to understand the semantic content and syntactic function of the noun is blocked；Secondly，Use the context to deduce that the noun occupies the verb gap，And based on encyclopedia knowledge，Extraction of regular relationships，Generalization of bet365 free bets、Metaphorical and implicit expressions, etc. are used to infer the most relevant semantic function that conforms to the verb gap and syntactic context；Finally，Test the inferred meaning through a larger context，If not，Return to the second step to interpret again。

　　In the process，People first judge the grammatical function of bet365 free bets based on syntax’s limiting effect on part-of-speech and word order knowledge，The so-called "showing the category in the sentence"。As in "I am poor and cannot afford to sit down"，Why should I be targeted by "high-speed train" and "foggy windows"，Word order and function word "be、"Let people confirm the word "high-speed rail in the sentence、Fog" is a verb。The idea of ​​​​extracting meaning from this: things are often inseparable from behavior，Things are the result of behavior or exhibit certain characteristics，Perform some function，Contains events related to things，The verb expresses the process，Therefore，The name rotation means that some kind of event occurs through this noun，Each word after the noun rotation is equal to a phrase containing a predicate，The noun plays a role in the phrase。When a noun loses its meaning，Communicators can extract the characteristic meaning of nouns according to their own needs、Functional meaning、Relationship meaning、Associative meaning, etc.。

　　Many reasons promote the widespread appearance of name bet365 free bets

　　The emergence of new innovative uses of name bet365 free bets is due to the following factors.

　　One，Fill the gaps in expression。In human language，bet365 free bets account for about 1% of the total vocabulary73.6%, adjective accounted for17%, bet365 free bets only8.6%。When there is no ready-made verb，Noun is a convenient substitute member，People use or rely on their original understanding of nouns to understand and use new nouns。No need to create new bet365 free bets，satisfies the need for expression。

　　Part 2，New usage is simple and labor-saving。The noun-verb classifier expands the semantics and functions of nouns，Convert a noun into a verb，can represent the overall event that may occur with this noun，Economic principles embodying discourse。The Internet and fast input prompt other reasons to create new bet365 free bets，New usages like "Let's make a fortune" spread rapidly because of their economy of cognition and expression。

　　Part 3，The bet365 free bets concrete and vivid，Strong physical expression。"Cat at home"，"Maybe I spent the previous month with someone else"，"Can she continue to be a big star?"，The nouns in these sentences refer to things and events that are well known to people，Has expressiveness。

　　Fourth，Wide range of applications and unique interest。Like the bet365 free bets "ridiculous"，Thunder attracts attention with its sparkle，Shock the hearing with loud noise，Feeling vivid and powerful。In some cases, using "scary" is a bit too much，Using "amazing" is too common，Using "moving" is not masculine enough，Using "Lei Ren" feels powerful enough，Neither praise nor criticism。

　　Part 5，The "prominence criterion" works。bet365 free bets verb is a variation of grammar that breaks away from the convention，The purpose is to create a "prominence"，Such as "If you feel bad, just have some chocolate"。Nouns are used after verbs，Present an unusual rhetorical effect，Its special expression enhances its cognitive salience。

　　The famous turn spreads widely，The psychology of users seeking new and different bet365 free bets is also at work。People love to change their bet365 free bets，Fashionable，Instead of using the new name rotation expression，It will look outdated。Although there are objections that the noun verb is not standardized，But people sometimes intentionally change the usage of normal parts of speech to meet the needs of pragmatic rhetoric，Make the language more concise、Accurate、Lively、humor，Enriched expression methods，Also shows off the individual style of the language。

　　(bet365 free bets article is part of the Fujian Provincial Social Science Planning Fund Project "Research on the Causative Structure of English Vocabulary" (2013B215) Phased results)

　　(Author’s Affiliation: School of Foreign Languages, Huaqiao University)