Landscape dependence between China and North Korea，Cancer since ancient times。Out of politics、Economic and cultural exchange needs，North Korean dynasties attach importance to Chinese teaching。From this，Learning textbooks for learning Chinese came into being，and gradually form a systematic system、Chinese Language Textbook writing system with distinctive characteristics。

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Chinese Chinese learning in North Korea reached the heyday in Li Chao。According to statistics，There were more than 80 kinds of Chinese textbooks in North Korea at that time，Including session textbooks、Rhyme Book、Word Book、Dictionary four categories。

It is worth mentioning is，When the number of supplements is added without revising，There are ten kinds of session textbooks that reflect the actual spoken language。The ancient Chinese main series of Chinese session textbooks in the ancient Korean maintenance textbooks actually mainly include "Old Beggar", "Park Tongshi", "Training World Comment", "Huayin Enlightenment Solution" and "You Wall"。Where，Early "Old Beggar" and "Park Tongshi" are the biggest influence in Korean history、The two most widely circulated textbooks，Taking daily life and business sessions as the main content，The writing of later Chinese session textbooks play a paradigm。

　　Editions of the session textbooks all have their own characteristics

"Huayin Enlightenment Proverb" and "You Make your name" are two business Chinese session textbooks in the end of the Li Dynasty in North Korea，wide application，distinctive features。These two books are forming a age、Content system is similar，But there are also differences，Reflect that the writing of the Korean Chinese session textbooks in the end of the Li Dynasty has a common feature，There are also differences。

The common feature is the general similarity of the content plot and the new added of enlightenment readings。On the plot，Both books take time as clues，Seeing on the way as the situation creates content，Taking Q & A as a session expression，more detailedly describing the experience of the Korean people to the capital of China and Liaodong in the Li Chao era。Textbooks add new enlightenment books and other content，For example, the end of "Huayin Enlightenment Solution" is related to the thousand characters、Baijia surname、Skynesses and Earthly Branches、Twenty -eight Sepa、arithmetic、Huayin's positive and vulgar mutation and other content，"You Makes your surname" also added similar content before the text。

Differentness is reflected as the difference between the identity and writing method of the protagonist。Settings about the protagonist，"Huayin Enlightenment Solution" is a Korean envoy，and "Your Surname" is a Korean businessman。Different identities determine what the protagonist contacts、The topic and the language used are different，Therefore, the session context created in the textbook has its own characteristics。About writing system，"Huayin Enlightenment Proverb" Bet365 lotto review is a proverb in each Chinese character in each Chinese character，After a word, add circles to separate，Then explain it in Chinese characters with a small proverb.。The style of "You Makes your surname" is，Enlightenment readings before the text，Use proverbs on the right side of Chinese characters to phonetic phonetic in Chinese characters; text and additional words，Use proverbs on the right side of Chinese characters.，On the left is the translation of Chinese sentences。

　　Facing actual needs is the characteristics of writing

The use of the use of Chinese session textbooks in the end of the Li Chao Chao Chao is mainly the Chinese translation official of the translation institute，The purpose is to learn the session content of the specific situation of textbooks，Skilled mastering Chinese language response skills，To improve the actual application ability of Chinese listening。The characteristics of these Chinese conversation textbooks naturally reflect these needs。

Content arrangement is in line with the cognitive laws of beginners。"Huayin Enlightenment Solution" added thousands of characters、Baijia surname、Skynesses and Earthly Branches、Twenty -eighth September and arithmetic enlightenment teaching content，Improving the learning interest of beginners，Reduce learning difficulty，expanded the knowledge system，It reflects the characteristics of gradual steps，Cognitive laws in line with beginners。，"Huayin Enlightenment Solution" Volume Motor Except for additional enlightenment books，It also adds content such as Huayin's positive and vulgar mutation。This is the word of ancient and modern vulgar tone selected from "Thousand Characters" bet365 best casino games and "Hundred Family Surnames"。The end of "You Makes your Surname" increased the words involving daily life and business activities、Cantalom saying and idioms。

The principle of writing highlights the effectiveness。First，Strong language targeted，Oral characterization characteristics。To make oral expression closer to the actual situation of life，The textbook takes daily life as the main content of the session，Try to use nature、Authentic corpus，Use daily spoken vocabulary and the most basic spoken sentence，Avoid using long sentences to the greatest extent、Difficult sentence。This makes the expression of oral language more flexible、Speaking effect is more vivid image，This makes these two textbooks a model for oral communication。Next，Very effective effectiveness。Textbooks add some new phenomena with the characteristics of the times。Introduction of ships in the textbook、Self -Clock and other new things，Introduction of maritime routes opened by China and North Korea，and Shanghai become commercial developed、Central cities of economic prosperity。Added of these content，Make the textbook full information，Show the vivid and vivid features。It can be said，effectiveness is an important means to attract learners to improve their learning interest。again，Text Fresh。The learning form is not static、Polying vocabulary and dead memo of the routine sentence，Instead of designing life scenes that meet the characteristics of the characters，Form the text fragment，Design of Functional Scenes rich in changing，Stimulate learning interest，Integrate bet365 live casino games the ability to form the vocabulary memory and sentences in the situation with different scenes，Create simulation scenes for training language communication skills。

Using proverbs is conducive to understanding Han culture。Proverbs make Korean Chinese textbooks have a clear feature in writing，It plays a good auxiliary role in learning Chinese from North Koreans。Notation with a proverb -proverb、Interpretation and Note，Easy to read and understand，Not only can help learners understand the original text correctly，And be able to understand historical culture and customs，Greatly satisfy the basic requirements of learning Chinese and understanding Han culture。

Language is a spoken body with rich characteristics of Northeast dialect。Li Chao's late period is approximately close to the late Qing Dynasty。The late Qing Dynasty is the setting period of modern Northeast dialect。Northeast dialect is based on Youyan dialect，Instead of the main position of Manchu in the late Qing Dynasty，Capable of becoming the Northeast region。The Liaodong region in the northeast has always been an important distribution center for trade between China and North Korea，It is also a must -have place for the tribute to the North Korean land.。Reflecting the daily life of this area，Language used in textbooks，It is naturally a modern Northeast dialect。The language of Chinese session textbooks in the end of Li Chao Chao，It is a spoken body with rich characteristics of Northeast dialect。

　　Pay attention to the value of Chinese session textbooks in the last period of Li Chao

The Chinese Senate Textbook in the late Li Chao Dynasty truly reproduced the original appearance of the Northeast bet365 best casino games dialect in the late Qing Dynasty，Provides precious corpus for the duration of the Northeast dialect，Discussion on the development law of the Northeast statement、Clarify the development of the northeast statement、It has important value to build the development system for the development of the Northeast saying。

These textbooks also bring revelation to modern Chinese teaching。One，Textbook writing should comply with cognitive laws。from shallow to deep、Stepping arrangement features make the textbook easy to be understood and digested。The arrangement method of raising a hard set of rigidity that violates the laws of cognitive will play a role in suppressing and blocking。Its two，Life -based scenarios are easy to teach。The setting of living scenario teaching makes learners feel kind and natural，Added learning interest and initiative，The understanding of learning content is smoother、Quick。Its three，Textbook writing should reflect the actual effect。Textbook arrangement to increase the content of life that keeps pace with the times can reflect contemporary information，Reflecting the characteristics of the times，Give teaching to a strong sense of the times。

　　(This article is the National Social Science Foundation Project "Research on the Northeast Dialect Vocabulary System in the late Qing Dynasty -also discuss the relationship between the Northeast official and the Beijing official words" (12byy075) phased results)

(Author Unit: School of Education and Science, Harbin Normal University; School of Humanities at Jiamusi University)