The position is also called "situation" or "posture"，It is a concentrated manifestation of the subjective meaning of language。Since the end of the 20th century，Positioning research has increasingly attracted the interests of researchers in the field of linguistics and related disciplines，Become one of the hot spots of discourse research at home and abroad。

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Scholars have their own attention to their positions。Oaks (E. Ochs) from the perspective of closely related language and culture，Proposal is one of the important levels of culture，It is recognized by the society，Including cognitive positions and emotional stances。D. Biber defines the position as the author's attitude towards the discourse、Emotional、Judgment and responsibility，Evaluation of information presentation in the text，Pay attention to its semantic and grammar classification，and propose a semantic aspect to include cognition、Three types of attitude and style，Grammar includes the position adverbial、Monetic verbs and position supplemental language。Hunston (S. Hunston) focuses on the distinction of the position object，It is believed that the target can be a specific evaluation entity，It can also be the proposition itself，and the position is the attitude of the author to the physical object or proposition itself in the discourse、A broad concept of views and feelings。K. Hyland (K. Hyland) emphasizes the social and communicative intentions of positions，Focus on the functional level of language，It is believed that the position is the voice of the language or the characteristics of the language that is recognized by the society，It is used to express evaluation、Views、Judgment and cognitive status，It is the personality label that the author expresses the information sticker，Sometimes it is also used to cover its personal bet365 live casino games intervention。J. W. Du Bois focuses on defining positions from the interaction between the two parties，Emphasize the dialogue and inter -subjectivity of the position。These definitions, although the focus is different，But all recognized the point of expression、Emotional、Judgment and cognitive status and other subjective significance。

I based on the discussion of each scholar and my continuous research on their positions，The essential attributes of the position are made as follows: first，Position expression is the essential attribute of natural language。Language communication process not only involves the transmission of objective information，It will inevitably convey the attitude of the speaker、Judgment、Emotions and other subjective meaning。Second，Positions have both subjectivity and between subjectivity。The inter -subjective expression is commonly used in the interaction between speakers/authors and obedient/readers，and the establishment and maintenance of the relationship between the two parties。third，The position has cultural differences。The position is achieved under a specific social culture and ideological framework，Different culture、The discourse practice in ideology presents different position expression features。Fourth，The position can be used by a variety of vocabulary、Grammar and words to achieve，Multi -layered、Multi -dimensional。fifth，The identification of the position depends on the specific context，Including the context of the context、Situation and Context、cultural context, etc.，and has accumulation。Sixth，Positions have language differences。Positions in different languages ​​such as academic discourse、There are different performances in the news discourse，Specific functions that reflect different discourse practice in real life。These six aspects are the essential attributes of the position，It is the basic principles and starting points of understanding the phenomenon of all positions。

　Position research has many perspectives

Early position studies began in the function school of Hanye (M. A. K. Halliday)。With the importance of the academic community to the subjective meaning of language, it is increasingly valued，The major linguistic genres have studied their positions from various characteristic perspectives，greatly broaden the scope and field of vision，Get rich research results。

grammar vocabulary angle is based on corpus linguistics，The genre research from this perspective has a long history among many genres.，The results are also richer。In this perspective，Most of the research methods are based on corpus or corpus -driven quantitative research method。The scholar of this genre Bieber uses position marking as an analysis unit，Different languages ​​from the level of semantics and grammar，Rulai、session、Position expression in news and academic discourse conducted comparative studies。In recent years, this one -faction has fully tapped the method of linguistics of corpus linguistics，Start paying attention to the stance of machine -cut blocks under the method of pure corpus drive，Try to conduct in -depth inspections of the form and function of the position of the position in academic language and teaching discourse。

Position analysis under the perspective of academic discourse analysis，Mainly derived from scholars' understanding of the essence and functions of academic language words。Traditional concept thinks，Academic papers are research reports on external objective reality，Therefore, its language should be objective，No subjective expression。But scholars represented by Hyland believe，The purpose of academic papers is not only to report objective facts to readers，It is also to clarify the author's own position to readers，Promote your academic perspective，Therefore, effective use of position resources is an important guarantee for interpersonal and interactivity of academic papers。Herland proposes the author's position bet365 live casino games marker framework from a semantic perspective，Including fuzzy restrictions、Determine expression、Attitude markers and self -indexes a total of four categories。Related research based on this framework mainly focuses on interdisciplinary、The position expression characteristics in the across the language。This perspective mainly focuses on academic discourse，But the perspective of its functions has been inherited and carried forward by subsequent scholars，The scope of the analysis has also been extended to various corpus categories, including spoken bodies，3517_3538。

With the continuous expansion of the perspective of position research，Researchers have gradually changed from inspectors/author's separate positions to pay attention to the position of joint negotiation and constructing in the interactive process，The expression of the viewing field is subjective、Results of interactive and evaluation dynamic communication，Emphasize the dynamics of the position、Interactivity and social。Under the perspective of interactive linguistics，The research method combines discourse analysis and session analysis，​​Especially using session analysis methods to analyze interactive features，The research object is mainly spoken in natural communication，Representative scholars are Dubaus，The discourse position triangle theory proposed，It provides an effective analysis tool for explaining positions in dynamic communication。Brief words，This theory believes that the position is subjective、Social behavior composed of interconnected between objective and subjective interaction，There are three main participation entities: first subject、The second subject and common position;，The first subject and the second subject of the position of the position to evaluate the common position object，Positioning subject itself，And the two parties form a relationship between the subject through the evaluation behavior of the object。

bet365 best casino games The perspective of social linguistics inherits the basic perspective and research method of the perspective of interactive linguistics，But emphasizes positions and social variables such as power、Social Level、Social Level、Social reality、Social Drama Change、There is a relationship between values ​​and other values，and the relationship between these variables and speakers/authors。The position under this perspective is not only a communication behavior，It is a social and cultural behavior。

With the rise of position research，The field of two -character research at home and abroad has also begun to say two words for learners，Especially the position expression in its written language to explore。foreign representative scholar J. NEFF defines the concept of position，A written position expression of English learners with preliminary analysis and comparing the background of different mother tongue，The result shows that there is a small gap compared to those who expressed their positions from the clan，One of the main reasons is that daily teaching focuses on proposition expression ability and ignores position expression ability。The two -character stance research on Chinese learners is still in its infancy，But many results show，Derstable use of two -character to express the position and there is still a lot of distance，This indicates that there is a large deficiency in the training ability training in the second language teaching of our country。

　　Focus on news media discourseCarried out interdisciplinary research

Position research has risen for more than 20 years，From the perspective of its development trend，After focusing on the significance of objective propositions to focusing on subjective meaning，After focusing on the significance of objective propositions to focusing on subjective meaning，From paying attention to the position of the mother tongue position to focus on the expression of the two -language position，From the perspective of the speaker/authors unilateral position table to reach the position negotiation and construction of both parties to focus on interaction，bet365 best casino games Analysis from a single level from the grammar/semantics to the grammar、Semantic、Erotic use、Multi -dimensional、The process of stereo analysis。In -depth development of position research，It will definitely bring a positive impact on the in -depth promotion of discourse research and improving the effectiveness of language teaching。

Future research can be tried in the following aspects。First，From the perspective of two -character teaching，Related research mainly focuses on the position expression ability of the learner's university stage，System inspections that lack the development status of learners at various stages，Therefore, the model of the development ability of Chinese learners' two -language position has not yet been constructed，It deserves further in -depth inquiry。Second，Considering the cultural differences of the position，Chinese learners perform a two -character position expression，On the basis of fully considering the two cultural differences between China and the West，To respect both foreign languages' lingy thinking and text specifications，Fully reflect and show the characteristics of Chinese social cultural characteristics，But no scholars have yet established a training path that can meet the above requirements。third，Except the two -character position research，Vocabulary grammar perspective and academic discourse analysis academic discourse and teaching discourse research results are relatively rich，Research on the perspective of interactive linguistics and social linguistics is less，Therefore、Age of the communicationer、Gender、Career、Cultural background and other social variables for different types of spoken language，Rulai、Interviews and other positions expressing in -depth discussion。Fourth，Current position research mainly analyzes from the perspective of linguistics，Research paradigm single，Future research can develop the advantages of various linguistics genre，Social and Cultural Theory、News Bet365 lotto review Communication Theory、Foreign Studies, etc.、Cross -domain dialogue，Provide a multi -disciplinary integrated research paradigm for related disciplines, especially the standpoint of news media discourse，Digging the author concept reflected in its words、Attitude and the relationship between the ideology and power behind it，So as to reveal and solve social problems、International dispute，Promote the construction of a community of human destiny to make positive contributions。

　　(Author Unit: School of Foreign Languages ​​from Zhejiang Normal University)