There were two large-scale events in ancient China、Far-reaching national bet365 free bets practice，One time lasts for nearly a thousand years、Buddhist scripture bet365 free bets that reached its peak in the Sui and Tang Dynasties，One is the bet365 free bets of Western learning in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties。In-depth study of bet365 free bets discourses such as prefaces and postscripts of these two historical stages shows that，The bet365 free bets practice of ancient Chinese countries not only promoted the spread of foreign religious culture and scientific and technological knowledge in China，It also breeds the buds of modern national consciousness and emotions。

　　The bet365 free bets of Buddhist scriptures moves closer to “protecting the country and benefiting the people”

The beginning of Buddhism being introduced into China，Privately translated by a few monks and believers from the Western Regions，Later, private individuals or organizations will participate，The national bet365 free bets field emerged after receiving support and sponsorship from the regime。Liang Qichao listed 19 representative national bet365 free bets centers in ancient China in "Translated Literature and Buddhist Classics"。Because the rulers respect Buddhism，Eminent monks who translated scriptures throughout the ages were favored，For example, King Yao Xing of the Later Qin Dynasty treated Kumarajiva as a national advisor，Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty provided favorable conditions for Bodhi Liuzhi to translate the scriptures。

When the status of ancient Chinese translators increased，A considerable number of translators and translators，A relatively complete bet365 free bets theoretical system has also been formed，For example, the "Five Lost Origins" of Qin Daoan、Three Not Easy”、Sui Yancong’s "Eight Preparations" Theory、Tang Xuanzang’s “Five Untranslations” theory and Song Zanning’s “Six Examples” theory，Involving the ontology of bet365 free bets respectively、Subject Theory、Object Theory and Strategy Theory。Buddhism has gone through a process of localization since it was introduced into China，The Buddhist "Five Precepts" practice method, the Confucian ideal of life of "cultivating Qi Zhi Ping" and the "Five Constant" moral norms are mutually explained and integrated。615 years，Sui Dynasty monks retranslated "The Medicine Master Tathagata's Original Vow Sutra"，In the bet365 free bets preface, it is called "Twelve Yaksha"，Remember the grace of Buddha and protect the country。Seven Thousand Dependents，Providing financial support to benefit the people”，It shows that Buddhist scripture bet365 free bets can not only pray for blessings and eliminate disasters for all living beings，deeply cherish the original intention of "benefiting the people"，Also has the merit of "protecting the country"。The Sutra of Protecting the Country, the Sutra of the Benevolent King, the Lotus Sutra and the Golden Light Sutra are collectively known as the "Three Sutras of Protecting the Country".，Esoteric scriptures also systematically explain the idea of ​​"protecting the country and benefiting the people" and formulating rituals。Daoxuan of the Tang Dynasty claimed "the merit of bet365 free bets" in "The Continuing Biography of Eminent Monks"，Sincerity is great”，Further clarifying the value of bet365 free bets；Kang Senghui will understand Buddhism and Confucianism when he translates the "Six Perfections Sutra"，Promote benevolent politics that protects people’s livelihood。The ancient Chinese view of the country centered on the view of “all under heaven”，When Buddhism merges with Confucianism and imperial power，Buddhist scripture bet365 free bets has been promoted to national bet365 free bets practice，Become a protector of the imperial power、How to maintain order and educate the people，Buddhist scripture bet365 free bets moves from "sacred" to secularization。

　　The bet365 free bets of Western learning in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties gave birth to the buds of modernity

Wanli Tianqi Year，There are serious dangers from the outside，Eunuchs take over the power inside the house，Soldiers are not accustomed to fighting，The treasury is empty，Scholars ignore the difficulties，Empty talk about one’s mind。At this time，A group of senior officials of the Ming Dynasty were in contact with Jesuit missionaries in China，Start translating Western books，Ushering in the second climax in the history of Chinese bet365 free bets。Facing internal and external troubles，Xu Guangqi advocates enriching the country and strengthening the army，He discovered that the books brought by the missionary Matteo Ricci contained subtle meanings，Versatile use，For example, the knowledge in "Elements of Geometry" is "use without use，Public use base”，Lacked and urgently needed by China，Immediately translated this book into Chinese with Matteo Ricci，To benefit the world and the people。In 1631, Xu Guangqi proposed in the "General Catalog of Almanacs" that "desires exceed victory，Must be able to communicate；Before the meeting，The famous statement that “bet365 free bets is necessary first”，Shows that bet365 free bets has the effect of improving national competitiveness。Translating Astronomy、Calendar and geography books，Conducive to providing a new time and space framework to build a new world picture，Observe China’s position from this。After，Li Zhizao petitions to expand national bet365 free bets practice objects，Think except astronomy、Outside the Book of Calendar，Western Water Law、Algorithm、Observation、Yixiang、Japanese track、万国图志、Medical Science、Musical Instrument、The Reasons for Comprehension of Things、Scientific books such as Elements of Geometry are worthy of bet365 free bets。Wang Zheng and missionary Deng Yuhan co-translated "The Most Illustrated Description of Strange Weapons of the Far West"，With illustrations，Introduction to the basic principles and applications of physics。The bet365 free bets materials are selected based on the principles of "the most relevant", "the simplest" and "exquisite"，Although the original text belongs to "The Last Work of Skills"，But because of "concern for people's daily needs"，Perhaps favored for “urgent needs of national work”。At the same time，The bet365 free bets language strives to be "concise and easy to understand"，For everyone to read”，Presenting the germination of the idea of ​​opening up people’s wisdom through bet365 free bets。

Xu Guangqi、Technology translators such as Li Zhizao and Wang Zheng advocate practical learning，Advocating practical application，Recognize the practical value of translating Spanish books、Bi Shiyong、The effectiveness of Guangwen Education，This was a breakthrough in cultural consciousness in the closed-door Ming Dynasty。They care about the fate bet365 free bets country，Having a sense of urgency and urgency，Recognize the academic gap between China and foreign countries，Urge the rulers to organize Chinese and foreign translators to translate as soon as possible、Absorb and use Western scientific and technological achievements，Superior to the West with this。

In the 1860s, the Qing Dynasty began to establish Westernization，Organize Western missionaries and Chinese scholars to carry out national bet365 free bets practice and begin to cultivate national bet365 free bets practice talents，Opening the third bet365 free bets climax in Chinese history。Compare to，The bet365 free bets of Western learning in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties had several characteristics。First，From the scope of influence，The national consciousness in this issue is limited to the top intellectuals who monopolize knowledge and political discourse，It did not become a widespread collective anxiety like it did in the late Qing Dynasty, especially after the Sino-Japanese War。Second，In terms of the translator’s mentality，At this time, there have been no wars or fierce conflicts between China and foreign countries，China has not been involved in the wave of globalization，Therefore, the political and cultural elites can still feel and think about China’s situation relatively calmly and calmly。But it is undeniable，The national bet365 free bets practice in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties gave birth to modern national consciousness and pragmatist scientific outlook，Shows the buds of modernity in ancient society。Through this cultural exchange between East and West，China enters the geographical and cultural discovery of the West，There is ideological continuity with the history of modern bet365 free bets based on saving the country and preserving species。Third，From the perspective of value orientation，Different from the nationalist bet365 free bets value theory in the late Qing Dynasty that "translating books is the first priority to strengthen the country"，Whether it was the translators of Buddhist scriptures in the Sui and Tang Dynasties or the translators of Western studies in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties，Both have noticed the relationship between bet365 free bets and people’s livelihood，Reflects the Confucian people-centered values。

The current globalization and digital revolution are quietly changing the territory、The traditional connotation of the basic constituent elements of the country such as citizens，Strengthening citizens’ national consciousness has become an important part of coping with external challenges。In this context，Reviewing the establishment and development of national consciousness in the practice of national bet365 free bets in ancient China，It is undoubtedly instructive to study how to strengthen the national consciousness of the people through bet365 free bets。

　(This article is a major project of the National Social Science Fund "Research on the Development History of Chinese bet365 free bets Theory" (20&ZD312) phased results)

(Author’s unit: School of Foreign Languages, Central bet365 free bets Normal University)