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April 26, 2019 is the day of the 130th anniversary of the birthday of the well -known contemporary philosopher Wittgenstein。Wittgenstein is recognized as one of the most important Western philosophers in the 20th century，It has a profound impact on the development of contemporary philosophy。The introduction and research of Wittgenstein's thoughts and research in our academic community are increasing。December 2018 My "Biography of Wittgenstein" was revised and published，This is the only original biography about Wittgenstein in China to date。The 8 -volume "Wittgers Tan Collection" edited by Han Linhe in January 2019 was officially published。This indicates that the study of Vitgustein in China has entered a new historical stage。In the days of commemorating the birth of Wittgenstein，I am willing to reiterate a point of view in the new version of the new version of "The Biography of the Wittgenstein": Wittgenstein Thought has an unusual place that is still important to this day。

　　Life experience portrayal ideological characteristics

This kind of extraordinary first manifestation in Wittgenstein's ideological method has an inseparable relationship with his personal life。His preliminary work "The Theory of Logical Philosophy" was completed in the trenches of the First World War。At the end of the war，It is the day of his ideological setting。War not only gave him the courage to defeat loneliness and pain，He gave him the opportunity bet365 Play online games to observe the meaning of life。"The meaning of the world must be outside the world。Everything in the world is as the place where it is，Everything happens as it occurs; there is no value in the world -if there is value in the world，So this value will not have any value ";" The mysterious thing is not the world，but the world exists ";" There are indeed something that can be said，They show themselves，They say mysterious things ";" Everything that cannot be said，Must be silent "。All these propositions，Only people who have experienced the limit of life，Only to understand their true meaning。So，Wittgenstein wrote in the book's preface: "This book may only understand what those who have thought about the thoughts or similar thoughts that they have thought about ... Its people are happy，The purpose of this book is achieved "。

Not only that，Vitgustein Thought from early to late transformation，It is said that there are many sources of dramatic scenes，Including his teaching in elementary school in southern Austria，A academic lecture he has heard，A news he read，or a ball game he watched on the spot，etc.。But no matter what it is，These all show that his ideological transformation comes from his personal life experience，Not his logical evolution results。From another angle,，To truly understand the thoughts and changes of Wittgenstein，You must understand his life，Including his personality characteristics and way of doing things，His lifestyle and life world。

　　Practice with words

The height of the thought between Wittgenstein and its life experience，It just shows his principle of being a man，Words and Bet365 app download deeds。The integration of words and deeds here，Not only refers to the close connection between his words and the trajectory of his life，and refer to his thoughts is the reflection and play of his life experience。Wittgenstein's thoughts are exactly from his life perception，or，His logic is completely consistent with his ethics。This，We can understand why Wittgenstein said that "Logic Philosophy" is not a logic or philosophical work，but a ethical work。For this book，The important thing is not the content mentioned in the book，but what I didn't say in the book。According to Wittgenstein's idea，Everything that can be said is clear，And it is not important; things that cannot be said are more important。Because I can't say it，So it is not expressing，Therefore, it is unable to think。For Wittgenstein，Unpredictable things，I can't think about，But you can reveal them in a display method，and make them more important，Because they are implicit in what they can say。This is the extraordinary place of Wittgenstein: he is not practicing in practice，Instead of practicing with words，Line first、Words are fruit。

In fact，Wittgenstein's unspeakable thing in the early thought，It is what he showed in the language game proposed in later thoughts。If you can understand the change process of Wittgenstein thought，You can understand the internal consistency of his thoughts。This consistency manifests as，He uses his description of language games to show those content that cannot be expressed in his words。Description of language games，Actually it is a language activity，It is also a process of bet365 best casino games displaying language games。In this process，We can see how the rules of the game get obey，You can also see how the language activity is performed。Wittgenstein is the description activity of language games，Reveal the form of life behind language activities to us。Actually，This is not a hidden，It's just just displaying what we are familiar with。This is the unusual place of Wittgenstein。

　　Show unspeakable things in a unique way

The display of the display in Wittgenstein is also unusual，This is a keen sense of perspective and the overall sense of grasp of things。The so -called "see -through sense"，refers to a phenomenon that can be ignored through us，See the style of things presented in the phenomenon，The most important aspect of seeing things that can stimulate our attention。For example，He explicitly said，All the logical propositions in "Logic Philosophy" are repeated words，This means，Everything he is talking about is based on its form，It has nothing to do with the facts described in the proposition。On the contrary，The facts described in the proposition are understood by the presence of the proposition。This，He just said everything that can be said，So，The idea of ​​"Logic Philosophy" is transparent。Similarly，His description of language games is not only provided us with various language activities，Instead, use language games to display things in language games，These things are unspeakable，Can only be displayed in language games。Actually，These things are "form of life" in Wittgenstein。Indeed，When we talk about the form of life，We can only be outside them，But because we cannot surpass Bet365 lotto review the form of life，Therefore, you can't talk about them。We can only use language games to display their existence，Just as we can only use breathing and existence of life to display the existence of air。This seemingly paradoxic phenomenon just illustrates the significance of language games as a living practice: Language games are part of our life，Like we walk、Eating、Sleeping activities。Wittgenstein see，Many theoretical defects are that forgetting that action is the starting point of all thoughts，All activities of human beings are display of theoretical description，instead of the opposite。This understanding of the relationship between action and theoretical，can be described as thoroughly showing the real purpose of philosophy，philosophy is just an activity that clarifies the meaning of proposition，Philosophy does not provide any explanation，No theoretical，Philosophy is to put everything in the bright place。

The extraordinary thing about Wittgenstein's thought is his view on "view of view"。The so -called "Survey，übersehen)，Just to see the interconnection between things，That is to look at the problem overall，See the forest instead of seeing trees。He wrote in "Philosophy Research": "One of the main roots we do not understand something about something is the full picture of us who cannot see the use of words。—— Our grammar lacks this comprehensive view。The expression of comprehensive expression of the way to promote understanding，The understanding is exactly: we ‘see contact’。So，Invention or discovering the intermediate link is extremely important。The concept of view of bet365 best casino games comprehensive view has a fundamental significance for us。It indicates our form of expression，indicates the way we look at things。(Is this a "worldview '?)" Actually，The meaning of "comprehensive view" here is the meaning of "at a glance"。In a speech in Cambridge, he said: "One of the difficulties of philosophy is that we lack a comprehensive viewing angle (Synoptic View)。A village，We have no map，or only a map of some isolated parts，About the terrain of this village，We will encounter that kind of difficulties。The village we are talking about now is language，The terrain is its grammar。We can walk around in the village，But when it is forced to give a map，We will make mistakes。"Wittgenstein regards our understanding of things as a bird -like process: only by grasping the connection between things as a whole，We can say that we have a real understanding of things。For this，I prefer to use the concept of "topology" to explain this way Wittgenstein treats things。"Topology" here is a concept similar to topography，Putting various things into a network structure，Understand the positioning and nature of various things through the description of various relationships in the network。This is a typical overallist point of view。But it is such an overall feeling，Make Wittgenstein's understanding of everything can give a different way。

It is generally considered ，To understand a philosopher，Just read the text，Grasp its ideological logic，Its life deeds are irrelevant。，Wittgenstein is an exception，His life experience is highly consistent with his ideological characteristics。Therefore，Enter the world Bet365 app download of life in Wittgenstein，Not only to peek at his life, to satisfy our strange psychology，Also follow his ideological course，Reveal the necessary ways of "extraordinary" in their thoughts。 　　

　(Author Unit: School of Philosophy Sociology, Shanxi University)