So-called “public health”，Simply means “improving and protecting people’s health through collective intervention”。Normally，Interventions are supported by the government。Public health highlights the government’s responsibilities and regulatory capabilities，The power and obligation of the government is to eliminate threats to public health through orders and other coercive means。bet365 games is the ethical study of public health，It aims to study all ethical issues related to public health and the ethical principles and moral norms that should be followed to solve these issues。Public health interventions target collective interests or populations，Causing dissatisfaction and challenges to rights discourse focusing on individual freedoms。This is often described as a conflict between individual rights and the state’s responsibility to protect population health，Or the so-called conflict between “rights and good”。Then，Can’t this conflict between the two be reconciled？

　　bet365 games and bioethics conflict with each other

bet365 games was developed from the late 20th century to the early 21st century。It is a subfield of life medicine or more generally bioethics。Bioethics emerged in the 1960s，Although its history is not long，But there is a typical feature，Focus on patients’ personal health rights and autonomy。In other words，It has the ideological foundation of liberalism。But，Public health cares about the health of the entire population，Aim for collective rather than individual health。This is different from the principle of respecting individual autonomy in bioethics。For epidemics、Public health issues such as infectious diseases，Not interested in bioethics，It was only later that so-called privacy protection and other issues arose in the process of AIDS prevention and treatment，This is how bioethics began to think about public health topics。

But，Bioethics focuses on public bet365 games，Obviously a misalignment。Because there are fundamental differences in the goals pursued by both parties。British scholar Onora O’Neill explained: “In my opinion，The basic reason why contemporary bioethics knows so little about public bet365 games is，Its focus on personal autonomy demonstrates，All compulsions for bet365 games are wrong。However，Many public bet365 games measures if they are to be effective，It must be mandatory，All enforcement measures ultimately depend on sanctions，Therefore some kind of coercion may be used。"This passage shows，Bioethics adheres to the principle of individual autonomy，Unable to accept the coercion of public bet365 games intervention，Consider it an injury to individual rights。But，If public bet365 games measures are not mandatory，Obviously there is no way to guarantee its effectiveness。Another scholar Lawrence Gostin also said: "Public bet365 games agencies have various powers to restrict the autonomy or freedom of individuals who pose a threat to the public，These powers enable individuals to stop harmful behaviors，Forcing individuals to undergo physical examination or treatment，Detain them temporarily or indefinitely。”Looks like this，With mandatory public bet365 games intervention，Between bioethics advocating personal autonomy，There seems to be no way to reconcile。

The reason why bet365 games and bioethics conflict，Because public health interventions target collective interests，At the same time, it is inevitably mandatory，So even if it requires sacrificing personal interests，It’s also understandable。If there is no more mandatory，The effectiveness cannot be guaranteed。O'Neal also said: "Obviously，Public health policies are often imposed，And it was imposed for good reasons。They are imposed on people and groups who face a common risk – which is why they can be so effective。”But，Once national public health intervention becomes mandatory，It will cause the challenge of rights discourse。

It can be said，bet365 games is derived from bioethics，But its development can be regarded as a kind of rebellion and correction against the extreme development of modern ethical individualism。Bioethics focuses too much on individuals or the doctor-patient relationship，Emphasis on the realization of individual rights，It does not view social members from a group perspective and has the responsibility and obligation to defend、Protect the health and safety of society and groups。Therefore，Although bet365 games is derived from bioethics，But it has formed a new style，Rather than using bioethics as a template。But，Targeting collective interests，Does it necessarily mean harming personal interests？

　　The conflict between bet365 games and bioethics can be reconciled

Actually，Both bioethics and bet365 games are relatively young disciplines，Both are constantly evolving。Although bet365 games is derived from bioethics，But this does not mean that bioethics is outdated，Or should be replaced by bet365 games。In reverse，bet365 games cannot adopt the template of bioethics，Put personal interests above collective interests。Both of them have their own characteristics。Judging from the current evolution of these two theories，The conflict between them is not irreconcilable。

First，Both parties can achieve mutual benefit。The American Houstin Bioethics Research Center stated，Although there are differences between bet365 games and bioethics，But the two are not necessarily antagonistic，Both parties can achieve mutual benefit。Bioethics can provide ethical concepts and clarify ethical issues for public health。In this regard，Some principles in bioethics such as the principle of justice、Do no harm principle, etc.，Still functional in public health。And public health can broaden the horizons of bioethics。For example，From personal autonomy and clinical care to caring for population health，It is a process of expanding the horizon。Therefore，Bioethics can contribute to the future development of public health；In reverse，Public health can also broaden bioethical concerns。This explains，Bioethics only needs to broaden its horizons，It is entirely possible to coordinate with bet365 games。Actually，Bioethics and bet365 games are currently evolving toward a global perspective，In solving global health problems，Both parties can support each other，Realize reciprocity。

Secondly，Although public health aims at the health of the entire population，But the concept of "population" here is of course composed of individuals，Therefore, consideration of personal interests cannot be ruled out。Saying that public health does not consider personal interests，Definitely wrong。“There is no superior reason，Developing bet365 games into an isolated discourse，To distinguish it from medical ethics or bioethics。Overall，We have good reasons to maintain or pursue theoretical unity。"This passage by Angus Dawson is intended to criticize the conflict theory represented by O'Neill，He believes that bioethics and bet365 games can be reconciled。On the one hand，If the "freedom of non-interference" of bioethics is a priority principle，You will definitely not be able to truly accept other values。So，Only by breaking this priority principle，Only to avoid this problem。On the other hand，Although bet365 games is based on the pursuit of collective interests，But it does not necessarily require the exclusion of personal interests，Even at the expense of personal interests。bet365 games is related to how society guides individuals to pursue the common good，Rather than pitting collective interests against personal interests。“The individual is more than just an individual，Not just a group、Society、Components of communities and populations。What we need is a bet365 games，In turn, it is a kind of bioethics。They are mutually sensitive to the realities of social relations，And laid the foundation stone。”Therefore，There is not only no contradiction between bet365 games and bioethics，And they can be similar in pursuing goals，As long as both parties remain sensitive to the reality of social relations。

Actually，The development of bioethics today，Has shown sensitivity to social relationships。For example，Some bioethicists borrow the feminist concept of “relational autonomy”，It is to highlight the prerequisites and conditions of social relations for the realization of personal autonomy，To get rid of the illusion of “non-interference freedom” in bioethics。This explains，The development of bioethics creates opportunities to approach bet365 games。Therefore，The two can not only achieve mutual benefit，And we can converge on issues of common concern。There is no inevitable contradiction between them，But they can be coordinated with each other、Common development。

In short，What we need is a just society guided by the common good，Instead of holding on to the illusion of "freedom from interference"，Ignore personal responsibility to others and society。In the context of genetic disease outbreak，States have the responsibility to implement public health interventions to protect people’s health。bet365 games needs an open perspective，Need to open to rights discourse；Public health requires more than just state power，And personal participation is required。This is also the condition for human beings to obtain health and tranquility。

　(Author’s affiliation: School of Philosophy and bet365 games Development, Huaqiao University)