Embodied bet365 code is a new concept of bet365 code based on contemporary Western theories of embodied cognition and embodied morality,But it is still in the exploratory stage so far,A complete theoretical system and mature practical path have not yet been constructed。Although there is no clear concept of embodied morality in traditional Chinese thought and culture,There is no complete theory of embodied bet365 code,However, traditional Chinese bet365 code thoughts and practices are rich in embodied bet365 code connotations。In-depth study of the embodied meaning of traditional Chinese bet365 code,It is of great reference value and enlightenment for the exploration of contemporary embodied bet365 code theory and practice。
The challenge of embodied morality and the emergence of embodied bet365 code
The West since Plato,via Descartes,To Kant’s rationalist moral tradition,Metaphysical assumptions based on mind-body dualism,Considering morality as a purely spiritual matter,Considering moral cognition、Reasoning and judgment are rational undertakings,Rationality has completely autonomous initiative,It is not only independent of the body,And not affected by the environment。This “individual” rationalist moral tradition is the mainstream thought,Profoundly influencing Western moral philosophy、The development of bet365 code theory and practice。However,With the continuous evolution of the cognitive revolution,The application and development of embodied cognition theory in the field of morality,Hume’s emotionalist moral thought and Merleau-Ponty’s moral thought based on body phenomenology attach great importance to emotion、Intuition、Body、The “non-mainstream” environmental moral theory has received the attention of the academic community,And supported by more and more experimental results,This opens up a new field of studying the embodiment of morality - embodied morality。
Embodied bet365 code thought is directly derived from Merleau-Ponty’s body phenomenology。As early as 1962, Merleau-Ponty proposed the idea that morality originates from the body and is deeply influenced by the body,He believed that morality is embedded in the interaction of the body and the world,deeply affected by body tissue、Perceptual experience and the nature in which the body is embedded、Social environmental impact。Merleau-Ponty’s embodied bet365 code thought is consistent with the views of embodied cognition theory。Embodied cognition theory believes,The individual body and its activities,And the body’s perception of the environment、Experience,Profoundly affects individual bet365 code cognition、bet365 code emotions and bet365 code behavior。It can be seen from this,The thinking path of embodied morality based on these two theories,Not from “pure spirit” without body,But to explore the rules of bet365 code psychological activities from the body and the situation embedded in it,It involves the structure of the body and its activities、Perceptual experience and the environment in which the body is embedded, etc.、Interaction of multiple factors,And pay attention to the impact of these factors and their interaction on individual bet365 code cognition、bet365 code reasoning、bet365 code Judgment、The construction and shaping influence of bet365 code behavior, etc.。
Without a doubt,Proposition of embodied moral theory,It will inevitably pose a challenge to the current bet365 code theory that is deeply influenced by the rationalist moral tradition。The bet365 code theory based on the rationalist moral tradition attaches great importance to the "human heart",Or the cultivation of moral rationality,The common method adopted is the indoctrination and preaching of moral theory and knowledge,That is, trying to discipline the human heart (spirit) through the teaching of moral theory and knowledge,To achieve the purpose of bet365 code,Cultivation of moral people。Obviously,This kind of indoctrination through moral theory and knowledge、The bet365 code theory of preaching to directly discipline the "human heart" does not completely match the essence of embodied morality,Cannot embody and reflect the gains and results of embodied bet365 code research,Embodied morality focuses on the impact of the body and the environment embedded in it on individual virtue、The construction and shaping of virtue。In view of this,Academic circles have begun to explore the theory and practice of bet365 code based on embodied morality,Proposed the concept of embodied bet365 code。Although the current research on embodied bet365 code is still in the exploratory stage,Not only has no mature theory been constructed yet,It has not proposed a conceptual connotation that can gain general consensus and comprehensively cover existing research contents,But actions can embody and reflect embodied morality、New directions of the latest results of embodied cognition research,is worth looking forward to and further exploring。
The embodied meaning of traditional Chinese bet365 code
Although there is no clear concept of embodied morality in traditional Chinese thought and culture,There is no complete theory of embodied bet365 code,However, traditional Chinese bet365 code thoughts and practices are rich in embodied bet365 code connotations。In short,Traditional Chinese bet365 code thoughts and practices emphasize the integration of body and mind、The implication of embodied bet365 code that emphasizes the bet365 code functions of daily utensils and the environment。
First,Chinese tradition attaches great importance to the embodied nature of bet365 code,The attitude towards the relationship between body and mind is fundamentally different from the Western rationalist tradition of “Plato-Descartes-Kant” mind-body dualism,Adhere to the position of "the unity of body and mind", "the blending of emotion and reason" and "the unity of nature and man",The foundation of adult teaching is the teaching of "cultivation",The so-called "from the emperor to the common people,Everything is based on self-cultivation"。Adult learning is “learning for oneself” (for one’s own moral cultivation),The purpose is to “beautify one’s body”,“‘Body’ is three-dimensional in morality、Realistic、Living symbol”。Key words,The "body" presented as moral cultivation,Deeply valued by traditional Chinese bet365 code,The specific performance is: on the one hand,Pay attention to the moral discipline of the body,From the body’s clothing to the words and deeds, everything is governed by etiquette and morality,The so-called "sitting must be like sitting",The website must have a good image”,From form to heart,Plays the ethical function of cultivating one’s temperament;On the other hand,Pay attention to the "body knowledge" of morality、Practice and practice ("learn and learn from time to time"),That is, through practice、Practice and cultivate virtue。Anyway,Chinese tradition attaches great importance to the embodied nature of bet365 code,The emphasis is on moral practice involving both body and mind。
Secondly,Chinese tradition attaches great importance to the disciplinary function of utensils,Among them, "hidden gifts in utensils",Using “instruments” to practice silent teaching is the most typical example。That is, the requirements of etiquette or ethics are materialized in ritual vessels and daily utensils,Thus through the production of these utensils、Use to implement silent teaching,Realize the subtle educational function。This wisdom is through ubiquitous ethical artifacts,Construct ethical situations of daily life、A bet365 code home for body and mind,So that people in it can be influenced and disciplined by ethics and morals at any time,And then subtly shape the habit of agreeing with the current ethical norms。As the saying goes, "If the table is not straight, don't sit down.",If you don’t eat properly, you won’t eat” and “Between human relations and daily necessities”,Promote filial piety and brotherhood and correct customs”。
Finally,Chinese tradition attaches great importance to the bet365 code function of the environment。In the eyes of the ancients,The human body is settled in the natural and social environment of heaven and earth as the home of life,Settled in the interactive relationship of "harmony with heaven and earth", "people and things" and "oneself and things"。On the one hand,Human virtue、Morality is affected by the environment,The so-called "entering Zhilan's room,I haven’t smelled its fragrance for a long time,Change with it;Enter the Abalone Restaurant,I won’t smell the smell for a long time,Also transformed with it。”The story of “Meng Meng’s mother moved three times” has been passed down through the ages。On the other hand,The ancients gave environmental elements moral imagery or metaphors,Let people in the process gain moral experience and sublimation through aesthetic methods,For example, "Renshan Zhishui", "Plum, Orchid, Chrysanthemum and Bamboo", "Jade with Virtue as a Gentleman"。In such an environment full of moral metaphors,Imaginary morality is no longer an external constraint and restriction,It is people’s self-affirmation and pursuit,So there is a saying "I would rather eat without meat,You cannot live without bamboo", "A gentleman's jade never leaves his body" and other conscious pursuits。
Exploratory thinking on constructing the theory of embodied bet365 code in contemporary China
The above is a rough outline of the embodied meaning of traditional Chinese bet365 code,Just a glimpse,Not enough to reflect its full picture。The following is a few exploratory thoughts on constructing embodied bet365 code in contemporary China based on the inspiration gained from the above simple outline and the existing research results。
First,Go deeper、Accurately understand the connotation of “body” in embodied bet365 code。On the one hand,The "body" here is not the "body" that is separate from the "heart" under the mind-body dualism thinking paradigm,But "the body and mind are the same"、The "body" that unites body and mind,It is the mutual embedding of body and mind、The “body” of interaction;On the other hand,The "body" here is not just a biological universal body,It refers to people who live in a certain historical time and space and are therefore shaped by the real world (environment/culture) in which they live,A specific life individual with social and cultural attributes and content。Comprehensive understanding of both aspects,When constructing the theory of embodied bet365 code in contemporary China,We must avoid looking only at physiology,Invisible psychological bias,We must avoid looking only at physiology、Psychological Laws,The fallacy of missing social and cultural content。“People are the sum of social relations”,The "precipitation" of national culture shapes the character of the nation,Thus sociality、Nationality is a dimension that must be paid attention to in the construction of embodied bet365 code。
Secondly,We need to update our understanding of the components of ethical space and human autonomy。The rationalist moral tradition believes,People are the only component of ethical space,And people have completely independent initiative。But in fact,People are active,Also passive,Does not have completely autonomous initiative。This is not only a Marxist point of view,Also proven by psychological experiments,Of course it is also embodied cognition、Consensus of theories such as embodied morality,It is even the consensus of the mainstream of modern and contemporary philosophy。People are shaped by the world of life (environment/culture),Changing the living world again。Therefore,People are not the only component of ethical space,Those ethical situations、Moralized daily utensils and other "silent moralizers" with invisible bet365 code functions should also become components。This means,Embodied bet365 code cannot be limited to school bet365 code,You should consider your family instead、Moral governance of the broader life world such as society,Truly achieve the "realistic activities of life,The popularity of Daodao,The realm of "the promotion of virtue"。
Finally,Go deeper、Comprehensive summary of the experience in studying traditional Chinese embodied bet365 code。On the one hand,Human sociality、Nationality means that embodied bet365 code also needs to be “Chinese”。So while absorbing the world’s advanced embodied bet365 code research results,It must be rooted in China’s profound traditional culture of bet365 code,This requires an in-depth and comprehensive summary and study of the experience of traditional Chinese embodied bet365 code,Remove the fake and keep the essence,And carry out innovative inheritance and creative transformation。On the other hand,It can be seen from the simple outline above,The content of traditional Chinese embodied bet365 code is very rich,Although with the development of the times,Many contents of traditional embodied bet365 code no longer meet the needs of modern society,But there is still a lot of moral wisdom, especially methodology, that can provide reference for current practice。
(This article is a phased result bet365 code National Social Science Fund’s major project “A General History of Chinese Political and Ethical Thought” (16ZDA103)
(Author’s unit: Tian Jiabing bet365 code Research Center of Zhejiang Normal University)
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