Before the 20th century，People usually regard people's actions (Action) and perception as two completely different abilities，Proposal involves the input process from the world to the soul，Action involves the output process from the soul to the world。Since the 1950s，This view is challenged by Behaviorism about perception。Behavioralism Profile，In the study of perception，Only observed inputs are stimulated by a person's body，and an observed output such as the behavior of the organic body，is the scientific interpretation of perception。In this sense，The explanation of perception can no longer resort to the object of consciousness like traditional philosophy、Mind event or psychological process，Instead, it must be based on physical stimulation、On the basis of behavioral reactions。

In the study of contemporary consciousness，Philosophers further discover the relationship between consciousness and physical movement，and tend to think that there is interaction between consciousness and action。According to this theoretical idea，Action and consciousness are no longer two different areas of different areas，Not only does there only exist a relationship of mutual causality，Instead, it belongs to an overlapping function system。This view is called embodied cognition，ENActive theory is one of them。

Generate theoretical claims，There is a constructive association between the personal conscious content of the individual and its physical movement。bet365 Play online games More appropriately，Human perception ability is constructed by the knowledge of sensorimotor。Correspondingly，The simple theoretical image that distinguishes consciousness and action into input and output should be abandoned。As a representative of the theory，Alva No? He pointed out: "Awareness is not something that happens to us，or something in us，but something we are doing。Think about it，A blind person、Tu Di exploded near a chaotic space，Touch to perceive that piece of place。He can not perceive at once，It takes time，I perceive with the help of dexterous exploration and activities。This is，or at least should be，What is the paradigm about what perception is。"" What do we perceive what we do (or we know how to do it); it is determined by what we are preparing to do。To make my expression accurately，I said，Our implementation (enact) our perception experience，We use action to show them (we act it out)。”

Alva Nori takes vision as an example to illustrate this geneticism。He pointed out，There are two types of blindness。One is a functional blindness caused by the damage or damage of sensory organs。Another is not due to the lack of sensibility，but because the individual cannot combine sensory stimulation with the way of exercise and thoughts。Noe said that the latter is an Experiential Blindness。"Look" does not mean to have vision，and there must be visuals that combine the correct way and physical skills。If this is not the case，Experienced blindness will appear。For example，Cataract surgery can help patients recover vision，But the patient may not be able to see it after surgery。The 1960s，Gregory Bet365 lotto review and Wallace (Gregory) and Wallace have reported a cataract surgery case。There is light in the patient's sight、Sports、Color，But everything is mixed together，The patient can’t explain what he saw。Norier thinks，Although the patient has a lot of visual impression，but not obtained visual ability。Because of this，Their visual experience is chaotic，Unable to provide information，so that although there is vision, it cannot be understood。Noe pointed out，For normal perception，Feel (Sensation) is with the ability to think、Sports ability is associated with。For example，When someone talks to us，We naturally twist our heads; when a ball is thrown over，We instinctively avoid。Feeling impression is always accompanied by spontaneous exercise。Experienced cases indicate，Lack of understanding of the meaning of sensory impression of sensation，Feeling impression is no content，Therefore, I feel that exercise is the essential element of the establishment of the establishment。

Alva Noe also listed another type of case to support his geneticist perspective。Assume that people's eyes are worn by prisms that can distort or bending light，So what will happen? Stratton，1897）、Kohler，1951) and Taylor (Taylor，1962) all provided similar experimental reports。Proof of facts，In this case, experience blindness will also appear。In Kohler's case，He reported the statement of the experimenters K: "I was watching when I was watching，Each twist of my head will cause the visual objects in the visual field to be unimaginable、Special deformation。The most familiar form seems to be eliminated and was rebuilt in a way Bet365 app download that I have never seen before。Sometimes，Some parts of some images are mixed together，The gap between them disappears; at other times，They are separated，It's as if deliberately to deceive the observer ... I feel like living in a world of rotation，The house crosses you，The road is bulging，People are like glue。"" In this chaotic situation，K can't see。Although he opened his eyes to get various feelings，But these are meaningless to him。Noe pointed out，The foundation of perception is based on our generating nature、On the path of feeling exercise，It is a hidden practical knowledge about the way of exercise that causes stimulation to change。When wearing a deformation mirror，The dependence mode between exercise and stimulation has changed，The result is not to see in different ways，But you can't see it at all。The follow -up report of this experiment indicates，Once a person is used to the dependence mode between this kind of movement and stimulus，I can see it normally。Norier thinks，This is an important phenomenon，It strongly illustrates this fact，That is, the content of perception experience is just a result of feeling sports knowledge。True perception experience is not just based on the characteristics and properties of stimulus，and also depends on our practice of feeling sports knowledge。Performing person must have and use this feeling of sports knowledge，can we build its perception experience with sensory stimulation。

So far，One of the major challenges to the theory of geneticism is Milner and Goodale's dual system model (Dual Systems Model (DSM)。According to this model theory，Visual consciousness Bet365 app download and visual motion control are supported by two visual branch systems in functional reconciliation。These two systems，One is the abdominal information processing stream，One is the back information processing stream (Dorsal Information Processing Streams)。In the case provided by Mirn and Gudel，Patients who are damaged by abdominal information processing flow，Can't know the size and shape of the three -dimensional space objects，But can capture those three -dimensional space objects。Reports in Jeannerode and others，Patients who are damaged by the back information processing flow cannot accurately or grasp the object，But being able to visually understand the shape and size of the object。You can see，Back information processing flow is mainly related to human visual sports skills，But it is just one of the branches of the visual system。So，People have reason to doubt，Although there is a connection between feeling exercise and perception experience，But how much the former can determine the latter? also，supporters of DSM also pointed out，The content of the visual experience is not used by the sports program area in the brain of spiritual long animals，This seems to once again show the separation between perception experience and sensory movement。

For the above challenges，Noe also responded。He thinks，This criticism is based on misunderstandings about genetic methods。The theory of geneticism emphasizes the acquisition of perception ability.，It is not advocating consciousness or guiding action。Even if a person suffers from visual disorders (cannot take things accurately)，It does not mean that he lacks sensory sports knowledge。What can really destroy the view of geneticism is such a proposition，Bet365 lotto review That is, the perception exists under the premise of lacking physical skills and sensory sports knowledge。Refutation for this，Noe summarizes it as such a question:、inert perceptual? Noise first pointed out，According to the theory of geneticism，People who are paralyzed in the body will not be deprived of perception because of lack of physical function or limited exercise，Because even if you are paralyzed，They still have a certain range of physical exercise skills，and paralysis did not deprive this person's understanding of the way of dependence on exercise and sensory stimuli; as for those who have completely lost exercise and sensation，They still actively live，This means that they still have to constantly position themselves in the relationship with the world and the world around the world。Further experience evidence indicates，If it is completely paralyzed，Even if the eyes will not move，It is likely to cause blindness。This is because of，Eyes will lose their ability to accept，Therefore, the visual image on the retina fades back。

According to the above evidence，Noe attempts to show，It is not possible to have a completely motionless、inert perceptual。That is to say，In the absence of sports skills，It will inevitably lead to a comprehensive decline or loss of perception。1991，The example of the Ian Waterman provided by Jonathan Cole explains this。A young man named Watman infected a virus，Neurological diseases that lead to systemic。Although his motor nerves are not affected by the disease，But below his neck to lose all perception except pain and temperature。especially，He lost the feeling of physical exercise bet365 best casino games and position，Paralyzed because of this。This shows the key role of physical exercise in perception，It also provides support for genetic views from a practical perspective。

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