Han Confucianism's development of Meng's human nature theory
13:51, March 30, 2021 Source: "China Social Sciences" March 30, 2021 Author: Ye Da

The theory of human nature in the history of Chinese thought in the history of human nature is advocated by Meng Yan's head,Mencius Lord Good,Xunzi is the opposite of it。After that,Due to Qin and the Six Kingdoms,Unification of the World,The learning of the sons is also attributed to style micro。This is here,Major questions about human nature, good and evil,It can only be kept waiting for Han Confucianism to do further analysis and argument。In Han Confucianism,First of all, Dong Zhongshu who assumed this task。

Dong Zhongshu's analysis and demonstration of human nature problems,Expand it around Meng Yan's old theory。First,Dong Zhongshu criticized Mencius's view of human nature,and clearly point out: If Mencius's point of view is established,It is equivalent to completely canceling the basic function of ritual and music education,This leading to the duty of the king's dedication to appear superfluous: "The nature of all the people has been good,What is the king's ordered? "Second,Dong Zhongshu believes that Xunzi's sexual evil theory is even more insignificant。In Dong Zhongshu's consciousness,The existence of a person from heaven,"The great -grandfather of the heavens also","The heavens cover all things,Born,It is raised,Nothing to work,Finally and re -start,Everyone who is returning to the people "。It is this consciousness based on the relationship between heaven and man,Dong Zhongshu repeatedly emphasized: Xunzi's sexual evil said that the saying of sexual evil should be completely criticized and abandoned; otherwise,Not only the sacred perfection of heaven will be damaged,And Confucianism Bet365 lotto review will also become a problem。

In order to make your own criticism、Analysis is more thorough and more based on,Dong Zhongshu re -defined the connotation of "sex" from the perspective of the original Qingyuan,and further distinguished the nature of the sage、The nature of the Chinese people and the nature of the fight。He thinks,The sex of the sage,Never teach and be good;,It is good for good; the nature of the Chinese people,Being good to be taught。The sex of the sage、The nature of the fighting can not be "fame",Because the two belong to the two poles of good and evil,The principle of not in line with "sex like cocoons like eggs ... to be taught"。Only the nature of the Chinese people,can "fame",The definition of "sex": "Sexuality gradual learning,and then be good。"",Dong Zhongshu's "sex" mainly refers to the nature of the Chinese people,So it is not difficult to understand why he compares human nature to cocoon eggs,Just like cocoon eggs waiting、To be hatched,Then can be silk、as a chick,Human nature wait for kingjiao,Then become good。Since the good comes from "lesson,",So where is the evil of human nature? Question,Dong Zhongshu answers with the help of the concept of yin and yang。He thinks,The evil and goodness of people are closely related to the yin and yang of heaven: "The body has a temperament also,If the heavens have yin and yang;,Utah, the yang of the sky and no yin。"The performance of yin and yang is love、sex,love、Sexual performance is greedy、Ren,"There are yin and yang in the sky,Body also has two greedy nature "。Human nature through yin and yang,Dong Zhongshu solves good、Source of evil,and lay the individual's moral practice above the Tao。So,In the depths of this Confucianism,Promoting the goodness of human nature,Eliminates the evil of human nature,The bet365 live casino games basis for being metaphysical,It is also a purpose that can be achieved。Of course,If you want to achieve this purpose,It also requires the intervention of national power。but but,This intervention should always adhere to the basic principles of "expensive virtue"。Dong Zhongshu's sexual theory of sexuality integrates Meng's human nature theory,His "Sexual Three Products" theory emphasizes that the nature of the Chinese people can only teach and become good,This is for Yangxiong、Wang Chong and other scholars have left room for re -thinking。

Like Dong Zhongshu,Yangxiong also holds a negative attitude towards Meng Yan's old saying。When specifically explaining your point of view,He first considered sexual physiological characteristics。"View、Listening、words、appearance、Thinking,Sex also。Learning is positive,Otherwise, evil。"" In Yangxiong's view,Human nature contains primitive erotic impulse,The possibility of being good for good,Mencius has completely ignored this,Therefore, the doctrine of human nature goes to extreme。and Xunzi so -called "human nature,It is also a good person for pseudo "Yunyun,Although it has a biased effect on Mencius to a certain extent,But for Yangxiong,The doctrine of its studies has fallen into another extreme。Yangxiong believes that human nature has the side of "good, good, evil","People who are good but not enough,Good also;,Evil also "。Due to the difference in the survival of individual spiritual exercises,Then show the results of "good insufficient and evil"。Good and evil is the "place of sex",It is the result of sexual expression,Can't treat it as "everything of sex",Therefore, you cannot say that sexual good or sexual evil,It can only be said that sex contains the possibility of good and evil。This view is different from Dong Zhongshu's "Sexual Bet365 lotto review Three Products".。Dong Zhongshu distinguished the nature of the sage、The nature of the people of China、Douju ​​sex,Out of the purpose of the king's teaching,He believes that only the nature of the "Chinese people" can be famous。Correspondingly,Yangxiong also distinguishes saints、Sage、Third -class people of everyone,"There are three doors in the world: due to erotic,Enter from the bird door; due to rituals,Enter from the door; due to Duzhi,Enter from the Holy Gate "。​​But Yangxiong particularly emphasized the decisive role played by the day after tomorrow,From a congenital perspective, the saint、Sage and crowd,Their original nature is the same。Here,Yangxiong actually proposed a new view of human nature,That is "sexual good and evil mix"。Human nature contains the possibility of Xiangxiang,also contains the possibility of Xiangxiang,Whether it is the sage,Still sage、Everyone,Their nature is the same,Xiangzhan or Evil depends on the acquired study and cultivation,"The nature of human be good and evil。Cultivation of goodness is a good person,Repairing its evil is the evil person "。That is to say,Good and evil as the constituent element of human nature,already existed in the subject itself,It is promoted to the outlook,"Qi also,So the horses of good and evil are also? "For Yangxiong,Qi is the power of good and evil。This motivation comes from "Xuan","Xuan" is both the ultimate source of all things in the world,It is also endless in the universe、Promotional of the growth of chemical education,"Foundation of pottery deficiency is born,Guan Shenshu and determine,Tong ancient and modern category,摛 Tuo Yin Yang and exhaust。One judgment and one fidelity,Heaven and Earth Preparation "。People are born,Qi itself has no good and evil,There is no west direction,The motivation it gives people Bet365 app download forward,The study and cultivation of the day after tomorrow is the key to human nature for good and evil。Yang Xiong's view is closer to Confucius' "Sexual Kochi" thought。

Dong Zhongshu、Yangxiong basically laid the foundation of the theory of human nature in the Han Dynasty,The exploration of related issues after the scholars did not exceed their ideological scope,This situation until the emergence of Wang Chong in the Eastern Han Dynasty,Only obviously changed。First,Wang Chong does not agree with Mencius's sexual good theory。Mencius believes that human nature is not bad,Evil originated in the loss of individuals to good,Wang Chong believes that there are some life to be evil,"Aller who is a man of sexual shame for sex also,Born in evil,Wanderer for pseudo -pseudo,During the bathing damage,Why is there a call? "For example, Shang Yang、When I eat me when I am a child,It has been revealed as a sign of evil;、Shun's descendant Dan Zhu、Business,Even born in a good environment,Still growing into an unscrupulous person。Next,Wang Chong does not agree with Xunzi's "sex of human sex,The saying of the good ones for the pseudo "。When explaining your point of view,Wang Chong later、Confucius as an example,Point out that they are born and lovely love gifts、Dezhi Vehicle。again,Wang Chong also questioned Dong Zhongshu's affection for yin and yang。Dong Zhongshu's so -called "good belongs to yang,Evil belongs to Yin ",Although the theory of human nature of Meng Yan is unified,But Wang Chong believes that this is not in line with actual,In his opinion,Eroticon is born in Yin and Yang,And there are good and evil,Not sexual good but evil,For example, "jade is born in stone,There are pure and refutation; temperament born in yin and yang,Anneng is pure? Zhong Shu's words,Unable to get true "。Last,Wang bet365 Play online games Chong believes that Yangxiong's "sex, good and evil mix" theory is just for Chinese people,The possibility of talents in China is good for good and evil,Therefore, it is not discussing human nature in a general sense。On the basis of predecessors,Therefore, it is not discussing human nature in a general sense,Among them, it contains three layers of content: one,Some life is good; the second,Some life is evil;,Some lives come to good and evil。Visible,Wang Chongzhi actually made a more detailed division of human nature,And there is no new opinion。For Wang Chong,Yang Xiong's "sex, good and evil mix" is not comprehensive,"Sexual good and evil mix" only illustrates the situation of the Chinese people,It is not applicable to the upper sanctification and lower fool。Actually,Human nature has good and evil, just like talents and high,Negotiation is good and evil, it is equal to denying the different levels,"Real",Human nature has good and evil,Utah talents are high and there are also。High cannot be lower,Do not high。It is said that there is no good and evil,It means that talent is not high. "。As for the reason why people have good, evil, foolishness,Wang Chong's explanation with the concept of qi。Wang Chong pointed out,Those who are thick and thick,Those who are thin and thin,The thickness of qi is completely unprepared by personal will,"Little man gentleman,Destroyer aliens? For example, the grains are all used,Those who are the same but effect,Qi Qi is thick,Old sex also has good and evil "。"Different Qi" is both the direct cause of "sex, good and evil",The final result of "life is expensive and cheap","Substitute of Sex,The same reality also。Destiny is expensive,Sex is good and evil。It is said that there is no good and evil,It means that people are not expensive and cheap "。Wang Chong's explanation,Although Bet365 lotto review there is no breakthrough in the "qi" theory since the pre -Qin Dynasty,But provides some basis for his views。

Dong Zhongshu、Yangxiong and Wang Chong have completed their own academic mission from a historical perspective,Expressing their basic knowledge of human nature,For today's people's thinking about human nature, there is no revelation。Except the above three scholars,Wang Fu in the late Eastern Han Dynasty、Zhao Qi、Zheng Xuan、Yue Yue and others have also discussed to varying degrees of human nature problems,But their research is basically expanded in the framework of existing theoretical doctrine,Therefore, no obvious breakthrough。

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