For a long time，Ecological problems in rural areas are far lower than industrialized areas。This is not strange，Because of the degree of ecological destruction，Township Industry、The destruction of the environment of agricultural production and rural residents must be far less than large -scale industrialized areas and urban areas，But this does not mean that environmental problems in rural areas are not important。"Planning of the Fourteenth Five -Year Plan of the National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and the Outline of the 2035 Far Scenery Target，We need to carry out rural human settlement environment improvement and improvement actions，Steady solution to the prominent environmental problems such as "garbage siege villages" and rural black and odorous water bodies。This shows that rural ecological problems are no longer ignored。Based on this，We need to think about ethical rural ecological governance。After all，If the system wants to bring goodness to the society，It must be guided as a "good" concept，and how to think about what is "good" and how to "seek goodness" is the mission of ethics。

In the past，Due to various reasons such as the dual system of the urban and rural system，The rights and interests that rural residents can enjoy are significantly different from urban residents; even in today's，Limited to the level of infrastructure Bet365 lotto review levels and equal actual factors，The convenience of rural residents to accept basic public services still needs to be improved。We will not discuss other questions here，Single as far as environmental issues，Urban residents' attention to environmental issues and requirements for environmental rights are usually stronger than rural residents，This prompted some ecological governors to respond to the differences in environmental rights requirements in urban and rural residents in an utilitarian attitude。Someone may think，The needs of rural development and agricultural production will inevitably cause damage to the environment，In the countryside，Sometimes environmental rights must concession for economic development。But even so，The requirements of environmental rights of rural residents still belong to the category of "good"，The question is how to qualitative this "good" -since rural residents' requirements for environmental rights are not as strong as urban residents，The development of rural development may also need to be at the cost of sacrificing environmental rights，So is this "good" not as important as the countryside as in the city? Obviously not。American ethicist Rovers once proposed the concept of "basic good"，That is, "Every rational person will want things"。but but，The differences in environmental rights of urban and rural residents seem to imply that "environmental rights" does not belong to "basic good"，Because many rural residents do hold an indifferent attitude towards environmental rights。But，We must figure out this "indifferent" Bet365 lotto review essence。"Indifference" does not mean that they do not want environmental rights，Just because they don’t understand what environmental pollution means。In other words，In the definition of Rores，Rural residents do not have "rational" on environmental issues，Only lead to the lack of "want"。But at the same time，Rolls also believes that the "ability to pursue good concepts" that people have will promote them to pursue "basic good" -the actually implied，"Basic Goodness" is the pursuit of further understanding and promoting life on the basis of ability，instead of "want" emotional emotional。

Then the problem is the contradiction between rural development and environmental existence。The development of industry and agriculture in the countryside needs to be more or less at the cost of destroying the environment，But is this cost necessary? I am afraid I am doubt。We must ask questions，Why many industries in developed industrial areas can control pollution in a reasonable range，Should rural industry be at the cost of destroying the environment? Why can many technologies be used to reduce industrial pollution，Agricultural production still relies on various highly toxic pesticides that are repeatedly banned? The role of "basic good" is here。"Basic Goodness" should be "a means to apply various purposes"。The demand for economic development is of course basic good，The demand for a comfortable and neat environment is also basic good。Economic development and environmental improvement seem to conflict，But in essence pointing to a bet365 best casino games goal，"Beautiful Life"。The reason why the countryside often has to sacrifice the environment to develop the economy，It is precisely the result of two means confrontation，that is, short -term economic development demand overwhelming long -term life and health needs。But the cause of this phenomenon，The "basic good" of rural residents has not received overall care。The control of pollution in industrialized regions exclude high -polluting low -cost industries to rural areas，Low price demand for agricultural products for overallness also makes it impossible for agricultural production costs to be too high。But，When the above external effects are suffered from the above -mentioned external effects，but did not get the compensation you deserved。So，Village can only be self -reliant to pursue the purpose of "a better life" -but it is obviously unable to rely on its own contradiction in economic and environment。This fundamentally shows the lack of "basic good" behind rural ecological problems。

"Environmental rights", the lack of the basic good and other infrastructure, highlight the status of the "minimum beneficiary" of rural residents。Under the principle of righteousness of Rolls，You need to treat the "minimum beneficiary"，That is "the most unfavorable to the most beneficial"。The principle of difference does not mean that only rural residents can get benefits，Because in the cooperation system of society，Everyone should benefit from cooperation。If the ecology of the countryside is not guaranteed，Then the agricultural bet365 live casino games product from local estate will inevitably cause health risks when they are eaten by residents of other regions。So，Rural ecological governance can benefit every participant in the social system。More，This can also convince others to promote the "difference" to do its own，that is, the "A protocol that people agree with unanimous consent" that Rostel is expected。Different principles should be reflected at the institutional level，Because this principle does not impose simple justice obligations for others，but to make the system lean to the "most unfavorable person" from the beginning。If it is simply to solve the rural ecological problems in the form of budget investment without a supporting system，The long -term prospects of rural residents are still not guaranteed。That is to say，Given that the countryside is destined to be completely equivalent to the city，Therefore, only the system of caring for rural residents is guaranteed as a guarantee，"Basic Goodness" allocation fairing can be achieved。

Differential principles should not be understood as mechanical and rigid "more input"。There may be a misunderstanding in the past，that is, since it is necessary to reach "Different"，So just take high -intensity governance methods。But comprehensively consider the factors of pollution level，The human and capital investment and means required for rural ecological governance may be different from traditional ecological governance，Therefore, when formulating the principle of differences, you should start with the actual bet365 best casino games situation of the countryside，If the "Toilet Revolution" is a typical ground gas means。Just look at the past，In some regions, when the rural ecological governance is performed, the intensity of ecological governance simply improves，If the village -run enterprises are shut down in high pollution, the village -run enterprises, etc.。Of course，This is indeed necessary，But the lack of aftermath's shutdown action is basically not a manifestation of the principle of difference，Because "the most favorable" is absent here。Shopping the enterprise without dealing with the subsequent economic and social problems, although the basic goodness of environmental rights and interests，But the basic goodness of the locals in the economic field is not guaranteed。To say，"Different" should be fundamentally reflected as the difference between governance means，Differences of the strength of governance。

Rural residents as "least beneficiaries"，It should be obtained by rural ecological governance to obtain the "maximum interest"，This is the righteousness of rural ecological governance。Whether it is natural or social basic good，Basically for the beautiful life of the people。We believe，Gradually advanced with rural ecological governance work with fairness and justice，Basic determination of rural residents can be guaranteed，The goal of building an ecological livable village will also be achieved。

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(Author Unit: Marxist Institute of Suzhou University of Science and Technology)