Globalization constitutes the basic relationship structure of the world today，But globalization is a double -edged sword，With the continuous development of globalization，Various "anti -globalization" voices have come one after another; as anti -globalization continues to upgrade，Back globalization also follows。The global financial crisis in 2008 is an iconic event that anti -globalization has transformed against globalization。Starting from this stage，Anti -globalization has changed from thought and theory to foreign policy in some countries，Anti -globalized subjects have changed from the folk and academic circles to the government and the country。2016，Brexit、European right -wing populism is rising、American radical Trump is elected president，This year is often regarded as another important node that adapted against globalization.。Since 2020，New Crown Pneumonia Epidemium is raging globally，Objectively bring against globalization into a new stage that is generally recognized。From the perspective of the big historical perspective，Averse globalization、fermentation and popularity，Is a phenomenon closely related to capitalism and its global development process。Current，Academic circles are mostly economics、Analysis of the perspective of diplomatic studies against globalization。In fact，Use the analysis method of materialist history view，From the perspective of the history of capitalist development, we deeply see the root cause、Essential、Trends and way out，Not 啻 is a more valuable research perspective。

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The theory of "Globalization Lost" or "Modernization Lost" commonly used in academic circles to analyze the phenomenon of adverse globalization。In globalization，Some countries or groups become winners，Others become losers。Loser will blame the damage to their own interests on globalization，So as to oppose it。"Modern Loser" theory Verse of interest distribution from the process of globalization，explained the cause of the adverse globalization，Have a certain persuasion。But this theory simplifies the essence of the problem into a single interest distribution contradiction，Weakened the differences between subjects or social classes in different countries，Cover the social relationship behind the distribution bet365 best casino games of interests。For example，The United States is in a trade deficit in trade with many developing countries，If you look at the theory alone，The United States seems to belong to "modern losers"。But in fact，It is one of the biggest beneficiaries of globalization，The right to speak that cannot be compared with any other country。Comparison of comparison，We also agree with the theory of Marxism，Use historical materialism perspective，Start with capitalist production methods and its operating logic，Discuss the fundamental problem behind the adverse globalization。

It is undeniable，At present, developed capitalist countries such as Europe and the United States dominate globalization，Its production organization mode、Market Rules、The financial system has served as a global standard for globalization，Objectively regulating and manipulating the economic exchanges and market behaviors of the entire world。From the perspective of historical materialism,，Averse globalization is not separated from the basic laws of capitalism and world history development，It's just presented in a conflict form。One，On the surface，This is the globalization process of capitalist production，The inevitable conflict situation brought by the uneven interest distribution。As mentioned earlier，In the process of globalization, there are winners and losers。All global participants are added together to form a huge contradiction group，They fight each other、Gaming against each other，contradictions and conflicts become unavoidable，and then become an inherent driving force against globalization。Averse globalization reflects the conflict of economic interests between the subjects of various contradictions，It also reflects that they are in politics、Diplomacy、Conflict in various aspects of culture。As Gaden said，Although the globalization is in economic integration，But it has exceeded the economic phenomenon，reflected in all aspects，being reshaped the world。What needs to be pointed out is，These economies、Politics、Culture、diplomatic conflict，Not only does it exist between developed capitalist countries and the majority of developing countries，Also existing between them，Even existing between different strata or groups of the same country。Its two，From the perspective of deep levels，This is the increasingly globalization method of capitalist production and the international transfer of capitalist inherent contradictions，The inevitable result of self -adjustment and global regulation of capitalism bet365 Play online games internationally。In the era of globalization，With the expansion of capitalist production methods to global，Its internal social contradictions will also expand to global，and then converted into the production method increasingly global、Socialization and production data capitalist private possession system、Contradictions between ethnic closedness。In this case，Capitalism will also promote its own adjustment experience to the world，Through some economic or diplomatic behaviors，Templax of global issues、Staged economic adjustment and crisis control。Its three，From the perspective of historical development，It reflects the oppositional unified relationship between ethnic subjects in the development of world civilization and diversification。Historical materialism believes，The development of social history follows certain rules，But this does not mean that the historical trajectory of each historical subject is exactly the same，Historical subjects have energy and selectivity in the historical development process。Reflected in the globalization process，Globalization is an inevitable product in the development of world history，If any country does not actively participate in it，It is difficult to enjoy the convenience it brings，It is also difficult to keep up with the pace of world development。But this does not mean，Every country must take the road of exactly the same globalization integration in accordance with the same standards。West as a maker of globalization rules，Requires other countries and regions to participate in accordance with their standards，This will inevitably cause their opposition。In fact，This is the same within developed countries，Their interests are not a piece of iron plate，Also full of struggle。From this，Averse globalization is inevitable。

　The essence of globalization: the global extension and development crisis of the internal contradiction of capitalism

With capitalist production method、Globalization of the World Market，The inherent social contradictions of capitalism extend to global scope，This is one of the fundamental reasons that triggers globalization。Historical materialism believes，There is inherent in capitalism、Internal contradictions that cannot be overcome，That is the contradiction between the socialized large -scale production and production data capitalist private occupation system of production methods，But it has a strong self -adjustment ability。In the history of hundreds of years of capitalist development，They often by robbing the colonies、Movement of war and other methods to transfer the Bet365 app download crisis。But，Globalization of the theme of the times in peace and development，They can no longer be plundered again、Violence War and other military means，So choose to use economic means to transfer domestic economic contradictions、Class contradictions，If you launch a trade war to other countries、Improve trade barriers、Trade blockade, etc.。As the famous American left -wing scholar Alif Derick said，Capitalist globalization means class exploitation from the national level，Converted into a worldwide contradiction,"Globalization of Capital makes global (not only ethnic) class possible for the first time"。In fact，Not just economic contradictions and internal class contradictions，With the deepening of globalization，Capitalism inherent social contradictions、System contradictions，One after another with the economy、Politics、Culture and other forms expand to global，Realized the global transfer of capitalism internal contradictions。The question lies in，Transfer contradictions are not equal to eliminating contradictions，It ultimately leads to regionalization of globalization and production relationship of productivity、Conflict between ethnicization。For example，2008，With the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers' bankruptcy, the financial crisis，The United States quickly transferred the crisis to the world，Let the whole world "pay" for it，Therefore, it has caused dissatisfaction from many countries。It is also from this year，The trend of globalization has become more and more intense，Many countries have begun to implement the strategy of adverse globalization。

Adverse globalization indicates that the capitalist governance system and value standards encounter difficulties globally。Take the problem of European immigration as an example，Due to the implementation of a high welfare system in Western countries，A large number of immigrants in the Middle East of North Africa flood into developed regions in Central and Western Europe，Leading its domestic resource allocation problem prominent，The contradiction between indigenous residents and immigrants is becoming more prominent。From this，Extreme right -wing populism prevail，and thus triggers terrorism、Extreme Religiousism、Various problems such as extreme nationalism。But，European countries are helpless about this。Except social governance ability，Capitalist political model、Ideological culture and values ​​are challenged globally。For example，Western democracy is getting more and more rigid，European Right -wing Political Bet365 app download Party Sun Sheng，These election systems that have always been proud of the West are shocked。Another example，Capitalist ideology such as neo -liberalism is constantly frustrated globally，More and more people realize that capitalism is not the "end of civilization" in Fukuyama。These system dilemma of capitalism，It also further proves that Marx's criticism of capitalism is not outdated，Marx's about the world market、Capital mechanisms、Capitalist periodic economic crisis、World history and other theories are still correct and effective。

Averse globalization reflects the issue of capitalist global development crisis in recent years，It is essentially a development problem。On the one hand，In recent years, developed capitalist countries are generally unscrupulous，Domestic economic growth is weak，Learn a series of problems such as wealth distribution。In this case，The rapid development of extreme populism in China，The government is to cater to populist、Transfer contradictions，Promote against globalization。On the other hand，International development extremely unbalanced，In the process of globalization, the Matthew effect only increases without decrease，Economic interests of some countries are obviously damaged，For self -protection, I have to implement some anti -globalization policies。This imbalance，Not only does it exist between developing countries，It also exists between developed countries and between different industries and fields of developed countries。To achieve a balanced or self -protection，Governments or some strata of some developed countries have also continued to promote anti -globalization。In addition，Globalization of the crisis of capitalism，Capitalist globalization crisis and ecological crisis、Peace crisis、Religious crisis, etc. intertwined together，Become a global development thinking、Development mode crisis，This "pan -crisis" will gradually push against globalization to deeper。Fushan, known for its "end of civilization"，In recent years, it has no longer praised the perfect of European capitalism，He even bluntly，oligopoly politics and interest groups have caused distortion to American democracy，The political system in the United States is obvious。

　　Averse globalization trends and way out:Build a community of human destiny

Adverse globalization reflects the temporary strategic adjustment of developed capitalist countries，It will not change the trend of world historical development。On the one hand，Averse globalization is not to change the global profitability of capital，It's not a strategic contraction，bet365 live casino games but temporary adjustment，The purpose is to establish a global free trade system that is more conducive to capital itself。From this perspective，against globalization and neoliberalism are not conflicting，They are two diplomatic strategies of Western capitalist countries in parallel。In fact，West has always been good at formulating "dual standards"，Anyone who is not good for it deny it，It is good for it to grasp it tightly。For example，The United States on the global "carbon emissions" standard and execution issues，Continuously changing position，Even blatantly violated your commitment。On the other hand，This temporary strategic adjustment will not change the trend of world historical development。Fate of the world today is closely linked，If you encounter a crisis，Can't be alone，It is necessary to work hard to work in the end。From this perspective，We have to clearly oppose globalization。What needs to be explained is，When dealing with global problems，Dialectical and unified thinking of individuality and commonality.，To respect the cultural characteristics of various nations and autonomy of road selection，Can't cut it in one sword，Disputeism。

Due to the profitability of capital、Blindness will not change，Therefore, the globalization model led by developed capitalist countries will not really consider the interests of the masses in the lower middle school，It will not consider the interests of other countries and nations，Its essence is to serve the capital。It's just，They use a form that seems to "anti -capital expansion"，but actually，Averse globalization cannot solve the contradictions of capitalism and its global strategy，Instead, it will intensify the problem to a certain extent，Inadequate cubs that bring capital circulation、Closure of the capital market，Push the development of the entire world to a difficult situation。The profitability of capital and the short vision of capitalism，It determines that globalization dominated by capitalism is bound to be full of contradictions、A wave of three folds，Give up the fantasy of developed capitalist countries，Seeking a better development model to truly solve the worldwide problem against globalization。In the final analysis, the problem of anti -globalization is a development problem，To solve this problem properly，The focus is still development，Only the balanced development of all regions in various countries around the world、Common progress，can solve root causes。Its way out is that countries must respect each other、Common Development、Equality and mutual benefit，See the bet365 live casino games entire human as a community of destiny，instead of interests to fight against contradictions。

The concept of the community of human destiny proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping，Provides constructive philosophical thinking for the virtuous cycle of global development，and China take the lead in launching the “Belt and Road” initiative，Then put this philosophical thinking into reality，Form a specific reality recipe，contributed China Wisdom for promoting regional and global development、Chinese Plan。As President Xi Jinping mentioned in the keynote speech of the Davos World Economic Forum in early 2017: "Take the initiative to take the initiative、Moderate management，The positive effect of economic globalization is more released ... Adhering to the open strategy of mutual benefit and win -win，Internal and external linkage of continuously improving development，While realizing its own development, more benefit other countries and people。”

　　(This article is the "Research and Development of the Innovation and Development of Socialist Thoughts of Chinese Characteristics in the New Era of Chinese Characteristics in the New Era" (19MLB005) phased achievement)

(The author is the researcher of the Urbanization Research Center of Suzhou University with the Ministry of Education's Humanities and Social Sciences Research Base、Professor of Marxist College of Suzhou University)