Wang Yangming (1472-1529) "Heart Study" undertakes the previous generation "science"。Relatively transcendent character from "reasoning"，"Heart" obviously has the characteristics of the body。If science must respond to the question of "how to undertake the principle of universal" due to the transcendence of "reason"，So，Because "Heart" is directly related to individuals，It is inevitable to have accidental characteristics，Wang Yangming's philosophy with the core concept of "heart" as the core has to face the following questions: Can mind learning be established stable and generally inevitable moral order?

In a paragraph of "Kuka Flower Grass"，Wang Yangming and his disciples Xue Kan when the grass is in the grass，Due to the grass、Leaving flowers and discussing what is the standard of good and evil and the standards of good and evil。Facing the disciples "He Tian and the Earth and the Earth, Heaven and Earth，Bad Difficulty "question，Wang Yangming bluntly stated that "without breed and not going to the ear"，Say "Heaven and Earth Business，Flowers and plants，Why there is a division of good and evil "。On the surface，Wang Yangming seems to have canceled the objective moral content，Full moral evaluation to yourself。Considering the differences of individuals，and the accidental evaluation of the behavioral standards from objective moral standards，Wang Yangming's philosophy seems to inevitably have "moral relativism" (as in its popular meaning) suspect。

Answer the above questions，Requires us to return to the text itself of bet365 live casino games "Kan to Flower Grass"。From the context，Xue Kan's question is lies in，He will be good and evil、Right and wrong (reasoning) is deemed to be separated from the objective specifications of the subject，and understand the "heart" of the subject as a cognitive heart，Then ask the two in accordance with the question of the two。Speech，The logic of the questioner lies in，Good and evil、right and wrong content is regarded as an object that needs to be "processed"。But in Wang Yangming，"There is no good and evil"，If you leave people's observation perspective，From the perspective of heaven，The things are there，There is no distinction between expensive and cheap high。Useful and useless differences，Just start from people。Based on this，When Wang Yangming answered the question of "good and evil is not in things" later，Say "only in the heart of you"，This has avoided the idea of ​​splitting the above moral content and moral subject。The willingness to be willing to observe the perspective is not different，rather than understanding the different understanding of right and evil mechanisms。From Xue Kan's view，Moral content comes from acquired，And Wang Yangming's "Only in Ru Xin" pointed out，The essence of morality is nothing more than the ability of the human heart to be exposed and the ability to start，This is the so -called "conscience" of "knowing is not right"; and the original intention of "flowers and grass does not matter good and evil" is to point out，Leaving aside the "conscience" and talk about grass is useless but considerable，Leaving aside people's minds and rights and wrongs, talk about the right and wrong，Is the upside -down illusion，No help to get good and evil，Because bet365 live casino games they "do not matter good and evil"。

When Wang Yangming said "Why has good and evil"，Not to say that there is no good and evil in the world，Everything is relative、Occasionally; instead，He explicitly pointed out，"No evil，Nothing is not all or evil "。The meaning lies in，When it is detached from the real mechanism of right, wrong, good and evil，Discuss the so -called moral standards when the external object ("giving up")，This way of entering itself is a problem。From the perspective of the process，Since the specific content of non -good and evil is a kind of "feedback" for people to meet things，So，The mechanism of this interaction contains both ends of "Heart" and "Things"，Watching any end in isolation is not exactly。So，Self -demeanor will have nothing; the same，Holding things for heart，Or I think that "heart" can be separated from the object，It is also an unknown performance。

Since the principles of good and evil are the heart、Natural presentation of the connection of objects，So "grass has obstacles，Why should I go? "Why is it wrong?，When you want to enjoy flowers，I think flowers are good、Grass is evil; when you need to use grass，Why is it good for grass? From Wang Yangming's view，It is not good and evil here for a moment of good and evil ("Both of Ru Xin, good evil")，Change at any time。In other words，Flowers and grass only have tool value relative to specific scenes。Here，Wang Yangming is called "private"。Through "sincerity" and "selfishness"、"(Follow) theory" and "(move) qi"、"(reasonable) quiet" and "(qi) movement" introduces the introduction of several groups of categories，Wang Yangming tried to be in the process of connecting the heart，Differential bet365 best casino games two kinds of mechanisms are distinguished: one is the feedback path of the individual and evil;。From Wang Yangming's view，The first path of the front road is the interference and damage to the latter path，Remove the former，The latter can present。"If you are angry and happy, you can't be positive"，Therefore, changing temperament，Remove my own private，Adjust the body and mind to a highly balanced state，Only back to the state of the natural benign feedback when facing specific things，This is the so -called "body of the heart"; and the presentation of its regulations programs，The so -called "heaven"。

Wang Yangming's criticism of individuals and evils，Its philosophy is not relativity。Although，This defense work is not completed here。If the accidental、The quality of the quality of relativism，It is reflected in the criticism of the unstable criticism caused by the disagreement of "watching flowers" and "using grass"，So the establishment of this theory is associated as follows: After eliminating the above -mentioned accidental and evil，There is a certain stable universal order。But，Judging from the original record of "Kang to Flower Grass"，The defense of the universal order did not appear。Contrary to，It exists as the premise of the acquiescence of both sides，Different dialogue on the dialogue is only expanded in the second meaning，What is the specific way to get that ideal state，Is it "my heart is physics" or "seeking reason"; it is "good and evil in flowers and plants"，Or "Only in Ru Xin"。Therefore，Where Wang Yangming，"No good or evil" and "perfection" are not compatible。Instead of today，When the premise of the above dialogue is lost,，Interpretation bet365 best casino games of the center of gravity only occurs and confuses。

Leaving aside the "Heart"，In terms of flowers and plants，3696_3719，If you use it, see it，Gestor is hidden。In Wang Yangming's philosophy，Inconsistent Liangqi real，instead of assumption。In other words，In addition to the good and evil of individualization，Everyone really has a common、Of course feedback mechanism，Just as "good color、Evil Stink "，It is true that there is a natural right and wrong，This is the so -called "sincerity" and "heaven"，The so -called "the body of the heart"。If in the situation of "Xunzi Entering the Well"，"The Heart of Conflict" is the inclined tendency of people，It's like water flowing low，Therefore, it is also called "nature"，The process is completely inside the subject，instead of the will from external forces or acquired individuals。The heart of concealment is the moral "good"，Otherwise, it is not good; to Wang Yangming's view，This and flower viewing、Flowers when using grass、The evaluation of grass is essentially different。One is "Ru Xin is good and evil"，One is "Tiandi combined this，I have no selfishness to do evil "; one is accidental、Compared to the individual，One is inevitable、Generally among the subjects。The first good and evil will be destroyed with the situation，After removing this kind of selfishness and evil，Not the void of "no good, no evil"，but another good and evil，That is, Wang Yangming's so -called "do not do good，Nothing none or evil，But is an unconscious person "。So，"Don't move to Qi，That is, no good, no evil，is the best good "。"No good, no evil" refers to the good and evil of selfishness，"None" is the negation of this mechanism; bet365 best casino games corresponding to this，"Supreme Good" refers，It is the smooth or back of the natural mechanism itself。From Wang Yangming's view，Out of "selfish" individuals and evils vary from time to time，And "sincerity" is inevitable, good and evil。The possibility of the latter and evil is generally in all people，It is a natural response in the natural state of a person，It is also a person’s ideal state or perfect state。"Sage" is its example。

other，As the "University" said，"If you are angry and happy, you can't be positive"，The elimination of selfishness is generally common for Confucian and Buddhist.，This is Xue Kan, "Buddha has no good, no good, no evil，Why is it different "question。Wang Yangming replied, "The sage has no good, no good，It's just that there is nothing to do，No evil，Do not move to Qi。Ran of the King's Way，It will be extremely extreme，Follow the heavens，There is a compassion formed by a supplement。"" After removing the good and evil of selfishness，Ford still does not have a perception of myself，"No matter everything"; from Wang Yangming's view，"No matter everything"; from Wang Yangming's view，Good and evil natural presentation。"My Heart is Physics"，The rules revealed in various situations are the reason why the heart is "heart"，As far as its "dominance" is concerned，can also be said to be "the big name of the world"。Not only that，People are still participating in the process of heaven and earth operation，"Grass has obstacles，Li Yi should go，Just go "，This is the so -called "cut into supplement"。Different from Buddhism，From Wang Yangming's view，These participation activities (weeding) are not harmful to people ("tired heart")，is exactly the manifestation of human beings。This can Bet365 app download be seen，Wang Yangming's philosophy with "Heart" as the keyword is not moral relativeism; on the contrary，Thinking about the general moral order is its core concern。Further,，This concern is also related to the construction of greater order construction such as "Counselor World" and "Govern the World"。

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(Author Unit: Department of Humanities at the School of Humanities of Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology)