Culture and daily life: Respect how possible
December 27, 2022 09:23 Source: "Chinese Social Sciences" December 27, 2022 Author: Wang Xufeng

Respect is the topic that the current moral philosophy attaches great importance to,This not only stems from the daily life, many humiliated life practices,It also originated from people's autonomy、Reasonable、Appreciation of the personality with moral ability。In professional moral philosophy,A very sufficient research on respect。But,Respect is not just the topic of moral philosophy thinking,It still exists in the previous philosophical reflection, which is the daily life we ​​are accustomed to。In this field,Our deep -level life significance is expanded。This field is the current narrow -minded obligation moral philosophy that cannot cover。Therefore,If it is not placed in a more widely -daily modern cultural vision, it is not placed to examine and inspect,We may lose a more comprehensive understanding of respect。

"Everyday Life" is very familiar with us,But at the same time may be very unfamiliar field。Familiar because our daily actions and living areas are commonplace、Repeatedly repeated,We don't even need to consume time to think and deal with it; and strange is because of the strange side of life,Determination will always be disrupted occasionally。In short,Daily life is a dynamic process of homogeneity and heterogeneous sexual intercourse: in the middle of day after day,Unfamiliar things become familiar; usually order,Occasionally order is broken,We will experience the original panic and helpless,But it will soon use various rational resources to re -incorporate the order of disorder into the old Bet365 app download order。No matter what,One thing is to determine undoubtedly,that is, "daily life" is not sure,We need the ability and psychological preparation to hug uncertainty。

From Weber's view,The culture of no era is based on the principle of rationality as usual,Deeply affects people’s behavior and way of thinking。The impact of modernity on daily life is reflected in,The rational order has been deeply ingrained in our cultural imagination of our daily life。This rationalization can be displayed in a simple example。Historian Hennig Ecberg pointed out when writing the history of football,Before the late 19th century,Not only the place and game time of football are generally not fixed,And there is no fixed clear rule,"But in modern football,Related sports space is reduced to standardized ... The area is obeyed by the time -oriented of "Tension" to obey the 'score results' and modernity.。The rationalization of football is a microcosm of modernity that emphasizes rationality。

David Inglis (David Inglis) summarizes the rationality of daily life into the following three aspects。First,The daily life of modern society is a rational culture based on formalized rules。The rules system of modern society is the legal authority (Legal -Rational),This means that people's thoughts and behaviors are subject to the institutionalization of rules and procedures。The typical form of this rule is bureaucratic,The exact meaning of this word is "Control through the use of rules"。In bureaucratic culture,It is the bureaucratic character such as traffic police or tax officers.,instead of the individual who plays this role。The reason why we respect various bureaucratic characters,Not because of the personal characteristics of these Bet365 app download characters,It is because these characters are given a series of rules and procedures。Next,The prevalence of currency psychology。Zomel pointed out,Currency is non -personalized,It does not depend on any specific group,From the lowest status to the person with the highest privilege, everyone can use it。The non -personalization of currency brings a special psychology,It is not based on emotion、Customs、moral or values。For example,When dealing with the supermarket cashier and I,There is no private relationship between us; on the contrary,The communication between us is completely based on currency transactions。The advantage of this kind of currency psychology is that there is no need to consume a lot of emotions and emotions,and can reduce friction。Last,The rationalization of emotion。There are settings in some working situations、Feeling Rules,Their emotional response follows some specified、Predicable mode。Typical cases are the emotional management of aviation flight attendants,They are trained to show customers a friendly and optimistic emotion。An important feature of modernity is,The rules of rationalization have penetrated into the form of our internal function,Even to some extent shaped our emotional life。

The three dimensions of the rationalization of daily life are not clear,They are intertwined with each other。Each level contains respect,But the types of respect are different。

First,As far as the rationalization of social rules is concerned,Respect means that people use rational criticism、Accepting and obeying the rules。A series of rules for modern bureaucracy,Not applied by someone or a group,Its authority and standardization come Bet365 lotto review from the concept recognized and shared by people。Persons with rational existence use rational reflection of critical ability,Acknowledge the constraints of these rules for yourself,and willing to follow the other members of the community。Of course,People can also question the existing rules system、Debate,even modified or even formulate rules,But this is a subject sex, not personal arbitrary behavior。So,This respect can be regarded as a reason for the Kant as a legislation,It is the inner internal identity,So it is constituent。John Drummond thinks,In Kant's ideological system,Different meaning respect: The first is respect for the Fa itself,or aware of your obligations。This is the only motivation for moral actions to be worthy of praise。The second respect is for people。This respect can be further subdivided into two categories: one is evaluation and respect,That is the outstanding achievement of people, especially the moral quality expression appreciation。Another category is to recognize sexual respect,or respect for the person itself,The dignity and human nature of the upcoming human beings will be regarded as the purpose itself。The respect of the social rules and systems obviously belongs to the respect of the Fa itself,and recognize sexual respect。

2,At the psychological level of currency,non -personalized communication without personal prejudice and emotion actually has many advantages。According to Zimeier's research,The characteristics of modern urban life culture are self -concern and pastime。In a busy urban life,People are forced to get involved in various visuals、Sound、In the huge vortex of experience and cognitive intuition,This Bet365 app download makes people fall into a huge spirit and cognitive internal consumption。So,Self -attention and cold,is an inevitable response to urban living conditions。So,Although non -humanized communication has the traits that make thinkers worry about,But may not be nothing。Respect at this level returns to respect for the rules itself,Whether it is clear or informal rules for customs,As long as it is recognized by the community,It may require people's respect。Of course,This also means that treating people as the purpose itself,Respect the dignity and freedom of people。Because,As the two parties of the relationship,How do each of our life plans and emotional character be our own business,We only need to respect each other,And disregard the quality that has nothing to do with specific activities。,Wearing a mask is the essence of civilization。The mask isolated the mood of those masks,so that pure social networking becomes possible。Civilization to avoid the burden on making themselves as a target。If Freud's doctrine is taken seriously,I believe that people’s emotional life is an inherent war,So wear a mask for yourself,To avoid others from being dragged by their own burdens,Obviously praise behavior。

third,At the level of emotional rationality,Respect involving common activities or interpersonal communication。Take the smile service of the flight attendant as an example。First,There is a short -term business contract relationship between passengers and service personnel。In the short time and space,It is necessary to cooperate with each other to complete a journey。In this relationship,Passengers and service staff must respect each other as Bet365 app download collaborators。So,Where is this respect originated? Some scholars believe that it comes from the purpose of cooperation。To complete a task together,The most efficient method is to avoid serious friction,respect helps to complete this task。Some scholars have put forward different opinions,The respect in this scene is constituent,Just like the rules of the game,There is no game without rules。Similarly,No respect,The event will not be established。In the event,Cooperators constitute a "we",Respect is the factors that ensure the integrity of "we"。

To sum up,Respect is inside in daily activities,The type of activity is different,The respect may be different。but,Reason decide to our supreme authority,Respect for moral law is the foundation for other types of respect。In other words,Because we respect the moral law,Therefore, respect those legislators (recognize sexual respect)。We especially appreciate those behaviors and choices that perfectly reflect the moral laws (evaluation respect)。The rationalization of modernity in the modernity of daily culture has been deeply rooted。This determines in a civilized society,Respect is already in all aspects of social life。Respect the ethical life that is closely related to the broad sense, that is, the deep personality shape of the individual and how to live a meaningful life。Reasonableness will cause the "alienation" problem that social critical theorists worry about,But respect the social life rooted in it,It may also be as what Zimer thinks,Give people unprecedented liberation。Modernity liberates people from the emotions and emotions that people need to spend great efforts in traditional morals,Bet365 app download Pay more and more attention to individuality and freedom,Allows people to focus on their own achievements and development,so as to liberate people’s potential,Constantly shaping art、Unprecedented prosperity of economic and social development。In short,Respect is the fundamental value concept of realizing human freedom and dignity,Only cherish respect,We may not be in duplicate day after day,Still facing confusion moment,You can not lose people's noble and dignity。

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