Even counting from the preface to "History of Pre-Qin Political Thought" written by Liang Qichao in 1922，The history of ancient bet365 best casino games as a research field and discipline，Has been around for a century。From now on，Many important works have appeared in domestic academic circles on the history of ancient bet365 best casino games。Looking at installments，The most representative one before 1949 is "History of bet365 best casino games" written by Xiao Gongquan，The most representative one after 1949 is the "History of bet365 best casino games" led by Liu Zehua。These two works can be said to represent high-level research in the field of ancient bet365 best casino games history。Although these two works have their own characteristics，But it generally represents the mainstream research path in the history of bet365 best casino games，The basic writing method is based on the writings of major thinkers，Arrange the chapters according to the themes of these writings，To review、Interpretation and Analysis。

Xiao Gongquan’s academic background is political science，His "History of bet365 best casino games" has a long and high-level introduction，To illustrate his macro-level understanding of the history of bet365 best casino games。But when discussing political ideas specifically，He still adopts a more traditional research path，That is, focusing on characters，A review divided into chapters according to his writings、Interpretation and Analysis。Take Confucius as an example，In addition to introducing "Confucius' life and times", Xiao Gongquan，The rest are discussed from the five aspects of "from the Zhou Dynasty and the rectification of names", "benevolence", "morality, etiquette and punishment", "gentleman", "Datong Xiaokang and the Three Generations"。The characteristic of Xiao Zhu is that he first introduces what Confucius said，Then analyze why Confucius said this，A brief comment at the end。

Liu Zehua’s academic background is history，The "History of bet365 best casino games" (three volumes) written by him is divided into three parts: "Pre-Qin", "Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties" and "Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing"。Some chapters in this book focus on political thoughts and trends in specific periods，Some chapters focus on the thoughts of specific schools of thought or thinkers。Take Pre-Qin Legalism as an example，Volume 1, Chapter 6, Section 5 is based on "Book of Shang Jun"，Including "Shang Yang and "Book of Shang Jun", "Theoretical Basis of Political Thought", "Farming and War Thought" and "Rule of Law、Five parts of "The Theory of Making a Hole and Weakening the People" and "Conclusion"；The theme of Section 6 is Han Fei’s political thought，The specific discussion is divided into "Han Fei and "Han Feizi"" "Theoretical Basis of Han Fei's Political Thought" "Theory of King-interest Center" and "Position、法、Skills and Absolute Despotism of the Monarch" "Restraining Important Ministers" "Focusing on the Fundamental and Suppressing the Moment" "Adhere to the Law"，Take officials as teachers，Eight parts of "Forbidden Hundreds of Schools" and "Conclusion"。In terms of writing style，Liu Zhu’s basic approach is based on the themes discussed in "Shang Jun Shu" and "Han Feizi"，Discuss in different categories and use your own language，Then use the original texts extracted from the two classics as supporting materials。

How to write the above history of political thought，The biggest feature is that it allows readers to understand the context of changes in ancient bet365 best casino games，Understanding "Knowledge Map of Ancient bet365 best casino games"。But there are many problems with this path and writing method。First，These works are mainly concerned with the history of ideas itself，Political history is less discussed。Leaving a comprehensive study of the political history of the period when ideas were generated、Systematic and in-depth discussion，It is often difficult to understand the political thought embedded in this era。Secondly，The focus of these works is the interpretation of classic ideas，But reflection is often not enough。These works discuss the thoughts of great thinkers，Generally follow a more fixed format，Generally, it is mainly based on "original text citation-original text interpretation-author's intention analysis-brief comment"，Lack of system、In-depth critical research。Again，These works often discuss ancient bet365 best casino games based only on the limiting conditions of ancient Chinese politics。But the problem is，If it were not for pure intellectual history interest，Contemporary research on the history of ancient political thought must require some kind of practical significance as support，Otherwise, it will lose its appeal and influence to most non-professional researchers。

Then，What to do？The author thinks，A new possible research path is the social scientificization of the history of ancient bet365 best casino games。This research path needs to be combined with political history，Learn from social science theories and methods，From the perspective of comparing China and the West in ancient and modern times，Let’s make a new interpretation of the classic texts in the history of ancient bet365 best casino games，And reflect based on strict logical deduction。Specifically，You can try to use a new analytical framework to study the most representative political thought in ancient China，This analytical framework includes two parts: one is text interpretation，The second is logical reflection (see Table 1)。

Considering Confucianism、Legalism、Taoist bet365 best casino games not only originated earlier，And it will have a profound impact on future generations，So here we use the political thoughts of the three schools of Confucianism, Legalism and Taoism in the pre-Qin period - the Analects and Mencius representing the pre-Qin Confucianism、The "Book of Shang Jun" and "Han Feizi" represent the pre-Qin Legalists, and the "Tao Te Ching" and "Zhuangzi" represent the pre-Qin Taoists - as examples，Show the features of this analysis framework。

At the level of textual interpretation，First，Need to analyze the problem awareness of the three major schools。These thinkers lived in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period，We are facing major changes unprecedented in the history of China’s bet365 best casino games evolution。Zhou’s system tends to fall apart，The princes are facing long-term conflicts and wars，The princes are still facing power competition between the monarch and the nobles，In the late Warring States period, the situation of a centralized monarchy and bureaucratic state was about to emerge。The thinkers and philosophers living in this era faced the same bet365 best casino games changes，Dan Confucianism、Legalism and Taoism have different problem consciousness。Secondly，Since facing such major bet365 best casino games changes raises questions，So how do they explain these problems theoretically？Many ancient thinkers discussed the issue，The structure is relatively loose。With the help of the analytical framework of social science，The various systematic or scattered discussions of thinkers can be summarized and refined into their causal explanations of major bet365 best casino games phenomena。Actually，Confucianism、There are also great differences between Legalism and Taoism in this regard。Again，It is not enough to provide theoretical explanations for bet365 best casino games phenomena，Thinkers and philosophers also provide solutions to problems。As Marx said: "Philosophers just explain the world in different ways，The problem is to change the world。”In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period，The main representatives of the three schools of Confucianism, Legalism and Taoism have proposed a set of plans and methods on how to improve reality，And strive to advocate and sell their solutions to the entire society-especially the powerful monarchs。Finally，Confucianism still needs to be discussed、The ideal social model of Legalism and Taoism。Need to see，Different schools of thought have completely different understandings of what an ideal society is。

At the level of logical reflection，First，Need to pay attention to Confucianism、Different assumptions about human nature behind various specific views of Legalism and Taoism。Basic human nature hypothesis or theory of human nature，Very important for any theory。To understand this world，To provide bet365 best casino games solutions to the world，The first thing to answer is，What kind of species are humans?？This is related to the basic assumptions of human nature。Confucianism、The difference between Legalism and Taoism bet365 best casino games theory，To a large extent, it stems from the different theories of human nature that it adheres to。Secondly，Can deconstruct Confucianism、Assumptions about the relationship between individuals and groups in Legalism and Taoism。For example，In terms of the English common law tradition，Individuals and their rights are placed in a higher position，The expansion of bet365 best casino games power and interference with individuals are matters that need to be fully demonstrated。This means，In the modern British tradition，On the relationship between individuals and groups，The individual has a certain priority position。Then，Confucianism、What are the individual and group relationship assumptions of Legalism and Taoism，How does this assumption affect basic bet365 best casino games views？A social science analytical framework can analyze this。Again，Can analyze why Confucianism、The thoughts and doctrines of Legalism and Taoism can be widely disseminated and passed down to future generations。To know，There are various schools of thought in China’s pre-Qin ideological circles。Why is it mainly Confucianism、The bet365 best casino games theories of Legalism and Taoism dominated or dominated the conceptual world of later Chinese people？This is generally related to two factors，The first is the bet365 best casino games theory and philosophical thought of these three schools of thought，The second is the compatibility of these schools of thought with the demands of a specific society or era。Finally，We must also systematically review and reflect on Confucianism、Logical issues in Legalist and Taoist bet365 best casino games theories。Confucianism、Legalism and Taoism are raising questions，Provide theoretical explanation，When proposing bet365 best casino games solutions and envisioning a model of an ideal society，Is the argument logical?？If there is a logical problem，What are these questions？Overall，As far as these three mainstream schools of thought are concerned，Legalism is slightly more logical，Confucianism and Taoism are weaker in logic。Of course，Even if there are obvious logical problems，We cannot simply deny the academic value of a school of thought。

In short，New social science analysis framework can be used to understand the main political thoughts of China’s pre-Qin period。Use this method to interpret and analyze ancient Chinese political thoughts and theories，There is an opportunity to break away from the traditional interpretation-based path in the history of ancient bet365 best casino games，Provides a new possibility for studying ancient bet365 best casino games。

　(The author is a professor bet365 best casino games School of International Relations and Public Affairs, Fudan University)