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The palace is one of the most important relics that reflect civilization in ancient civilizations in the world。Assyrian Palace as a representative of the architectural civilization of the ancient two river basins，Its architectural layout、Decorative style has an important impact on Babylon Palace and Persian Palace。The huge relief on the wall of the Assyrian Palace，It also shows the main connotation of the concept of kingship in ancient two river basins through rich image language panorama。

　　Assyrian relief tradition

The history of the Kingdom of Assyria can be traced back to the 19th century BC，As of about 612 BC, the Kingdom of New Babylon was destroyed，It lasted about 1200 years。The academic community divides the Assyrian Kingdom as the ancient kingdom、Three stages of the Kingdom of Central Kingdom and the New Kingdom。Where，The New Kingdom stage is also known as the Assyrian Empire，Because of its large -scale external expansion policy，In politics、Economy、Military and other fields created the prototype of empire rule。

The Assyrian Palace has begun to appear in the middle and late stages of the Kingdom of the Kingdom，and gradually become a scale，The core of becoming the king's exercise of political power。Assyrian Kingdom has repeatedly moved the capital，Mainly concentrated in the Assyrian area，That is, the surrounding area around Mosul, northern Iraq。These cities，The palace is the most important landmark building except the temple。

Assyrian Palace is generally from the main palace、Harem、Internal and external courts、East and West, North and South Fourth Hospital、Storage area and Shujing District Composition。Where，Main Palace、Internal and external courts and the fourth hospital are bet365 live casino games kings to deal with political affairs、Meet officials and foreign envoys、Places to hold important rituals。The large area of ​​these buildings uses plaster slate inlaid on the large area of ​​these buildings，and engraved with relief decoration。

The wall relief decoration in the Assyrian Palace is traditionally derived from the Hebi Kingdom of the Anatolia Plateau，After being inherited by the New Hessend State。Cachmeish in this Syrian region today、The palace buildings found in Guzana and other places are reflected，relief mainly depicts sacrifice activities、Military battle scene。This decoration technique was accepted by the Assyrian。

Assyrian make full use of the area of ​​the wall and the layout features of the Assyrian Palace，Gives the continuous narrative function of relief images，In commemorative buildings，Fully express the concept of kingship and religious thoughts of the ancient kingdom。King of Piveivative，This is one of the basic elements in the concept of kingship in the ancient two river basins。For example，Central Asian King Tukardici Tita I (1 BC 1244 — 1) The King of Kings depicted on the altar，The sacrifice shows continuous dynamic effects through the picture of one kneeling，This is the earliest application of the Assyrian relief narrative function。

This narrative style was later transplanted by Ashl Nasirpa II (883 — 859) and Salmarnesie III (BC 824) in the palace architecture，A magnificent scene on a larger wall，Including war、Hunting、ritual, etc.。During the Assyrian Empire，Especially Ashilbani (BC 668 -About 630) period，The relief narrative function in the palace is further strengthened，Using multiple reliefs and comics describes an event，And text description。Demonstrate grand narrative through rich means，Expressing Assyria "Glory and Grandment of the King"。

　　Comparison and symmetry method

The last one of the Terto Battle in the Ashlbani Battle in Northern Iraq in the northern Iraqi Bet365 app download site is examples of the Terto Battle series of reliefs，I try to analyze the constituent elements and symbolic meaning of the Assyrian Ritual Ceremony，and explore its performance methods and the concept of the king's rights。

This group of campaigns was found in Nini Mi North Palace in 1883，That is the Ashlbani Palace，It is now hidden in the Hall 33 of the East Museum of the British Museum。The last relief depicts the scene of the king and the queen's banquet in the garden: under the lush vine，King Ashlbani and Queen Ashlsharaan sit on a tall couch and seat，Surrounding slaves，Music sound。The trees in the garden are rich，There are tall dates and pine trees、Low shrubs，and wrapped grape vines。King and Queen holding beef -eye chrysanthemum、Pomegranate or Lily Flower。Birds in the forest，Radio on both sides of the servant。This is a typical Assyrian Palace Garden scene。

About this banquet relief，The academic community has conducted in -depth analysis and research from different angles。For example，The relief reflects the information of the war with the Elan、The ceremony of the garden banquet activity、Palace layout and daily life。There are also scholars who start with the relief image narrative function，Use the analysis method of art history to study carving deliberate diagrams。

I think，This Ashlbani Bald Palace Garden Banquet uses a contrast and symmetrical narrative method，Commonly set out the special characteristics of this banquet held in the palace garden。It is a ritual display，With military attributes，The main intention is to celebrate the victory of the war，That is, the victory of the Ashilbani army against the Erans。

The grudges of the Erans and the Assyrian have a long history。Actually，Starting from the period of Sumerier's city -state，In the time of nearly 2000，The Erans have always been the confidant of the monarchy of the two river basins。Ashlbani and the Erans were grievances from the beginning of Bet365 lotto review their throne，His brother、Babylon King Shamashshumukin launched a rebellion，Attempt to seize the Zaizi throne，Erans are their main ally。653 BC，Ashlbani will follow the trend when suppressing the rebellion to fight against the Erans，Destroyed Elan Country。

This incident is exactly the theme of this group of campaign relief。The other three reliefs next to the relief next to the palace feast，Seriously manifested in a serial painting -like manner Eraman and his son escaping from the overturned chariot、injury、Resistance、A series of scenarios beheaded。Turn from battle scene to a peaceful banquet scene，Turn from the battlefield to the palace，From sword -pulling crossbow to singing and dancing，This strong contrast sets the nature of the military ritual of feast。

The outstanding comparison point in the relief in the palace garden banquet is also the first level of the royal garden and the high -hanging enemy of the royal garden and the trees.。The side side of the king relied on，and the rear suspension and arrow sac and bow and arrow，It is the repeated reflection and emphasis on the nature of the ritual。

Application of comparison techniques，It is also reflected in the relief layout and character portrayal of obvious differences。From the perspective of the overall layout，The image of the king and the queen occupies one -half of the entire picture，Their shape is also significantly greater than、higher than other characters in the picture; the space occupied by the king is significantly greater than and higher than the queen。and，The head of the king and the queen、clothing、The portrayal of the jewelry is all meticulous，Comparison of comparison，The clothing of the servant has almost no decoration，Only stripes or tassel decorations are engraved at the hem。Another，The first level hanging on the tree and the birds flying between the trees also form a clear contrast。Big and small、high and low、Highlights Bet365 app download of coarse and fineness，Make the entire relief full of tension。

Symmetry is a common means of expression in ancient buildings。Symmetric design mainly expresses the majesty and solemnity of the building，It is also a main way to emphasize the strictness of the king's power。Garden Banquet drinking relief performance is ritual activities，King and Queen is the protagonist of ritual activities。There are two servants behind the king and queen，Dress、The attitude is exactly the same; the arrangement of trees in the garden also shows the layout of left and right symmetry。

　　Explanation of the concept of kingship

In this celebration feast，All layouts have strong symbolicness，Concentrated reflects the economy in the rule of ancient empires、Military and politics and other elements。

In the ancient two river basin, it continued in the concept of kingship for nearly 2000 years，The king is an agent appointed by the gods。So，King's own Fu Shou、Military and dominant ability comes from God's grant，The personal destiny of the king is closely related to the national fate。In this banquet relief，King occupies an absolute core position，He is lying on top of the high couch，You can be confessing; the queen is accompanied by the side，The entire body's posture shows respect and respect for the king。The sight of the king is facing the first level of Texman hung on the tree on the remote end，continuously echo the previous relief screen，Show King Yongwu、Changsheng's samurai image。

This set of reliefs focuses on showing the conquest war of the Assyrian Empire，Banquet relief is the end of the winning of the victory of the war。The first level of Teumman laid the military nature of the ceremony，Echo the weapon behind the king，Further highlight the importance of military operations。Although this relief is not like other Assyria reliefs，Show the conqueror who is conquered to be Chen Na Gong、Scenes of loyalty to the Chao 觐，But it is mostly reflected in the details。Military bet365 live casino games elements in relief are the symbol of victory，It is also a deterrent to watching the relief.。In the Assyrian Empire，Who can see these reliefs? Except for the royal family，probably only the conquered by the oath of loyalty、Foreign envoys and senior officials in their country are expensive，The intention is self -explanatory。Another，Rare Plants in the Garden、Furniture and decoration with exotic style，Also echo the various types of loot obtained in the conquest war recorded in the literature，Is a military victory、An announcement of territorial conquest。

The strict level order in the relief is also impressive。The top of the king and the queen is at the top of the empire level order。Queen's slightly smaller figure、The attitude of sitting on the side，It shows that the queen is attached to the king;，Their shape、Standing、A number of people arrangement and slightly simple clothing，All show the strict order of the palace。

In the concept of kingship in the ancient two river basins，The king is called "the people of the people"，Both the power of ruling the people，Also shoulders the responsibility of bringing well -being to the people。Grape vines hanging on the head of the king couple、Fushou Mianchang expressed by evergreen pine trees behind you and produced dating trees、Multi -producing meaningful meaning，Reflected the duties of the king's leading the people。Military Conquest of the Empire，Make more and more people be included in Empire Ruling，large increase in labor force，The economic development of the Assyrian Empire is rapid。Agriculture、The gardening industry and animal husbandry are the pillar industry of the Assyrian Empire，The results of its development are directly reflected in the diverse trees and animal and plant products in the banquet relief; the exquisite palace utensils reflect the prosperity of the handling industry and long -distance trading Bet365 lotto review activities。At the same time，The increasing territorial area also objectively promotes extensive exchanges between Assyria and neighboring countries。Traditional use of relief image narrative，It is the product influence of foreign culture。

　　(Author Unit: Institute of World History Research Institute of China History Research Institute)