■ "Five Stars Out Oriental List China" weaving  Author/Figure Figure

October 1995，The Academic Inspection Team of the Sino -Japanese Niya Site found a husband and wife in the Niya site of Minfeng County, Hetian, Xinjiang，The body of the tomb owner is kept complete，The gorgeous brocade clothes wearing are also intact as new。where，Male tomb master right arm with a colorful brocade arm，That is the famous "Five -Star out of Oriental interest China" brocade arm。The tomb age is from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei and Jin dynasties，It has been more than 1800 years ago，The more thousand years, the immortality，Amazing。

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The arm guard is a rounded rectangle，long 18.5 cm，12.5 cm wide，Taking the brocade as the fabric，Use white silk border，Two long sides of the sewing of 3 pieces of about 21 cm in length、White silk ribbon with 1.5 cm wide，Among them, 3 residual breaks。The brocade pattern uses a mountain -like cloud as a skeleton，Follow the weaving Jinwei continuously spreading exhibition。Fat -like theme is unique，From right to Zuo Zi weave a Phoenix、Bird、Kirin、White Tiger, etc.; Surrounding these "Drai" patterns are Jingyun、Jiahe; "Five Stars Out of Oriental Lisiation China" and other words cleverly set in it，Express the meaning of praying for Xiangrui。Caijin is red、Huang、Blue、green、White five -color meridians show flowers，Represents five stars with five different colors of dots;、Xiangyou Swiss Beasts form a combination of pattern with a width of about 7.2 cm up and down，Repeat circulation along the direction of the menstrual line。This brocade adopts 1: 4 flat -stripe meridian tissue，The entire pattern does not distinguish the color area，Both red、Huang、Blue、green、White five -color silk thread woven，220 yuan/cm，Wearen 24 roots/cm，The pattern has 84 strange latitudes in the cycle，7.4 cm，Far greater than ordinary Han Jin。Research indicates，This is Shu Jin from thousands of kilometers away。

"Five Stars Out of Oriental Lisiation China" is a common resignation in ancient astrology。"Historical Records · Heavenly Guan Book": "Five -star is divided into heaven，accumulated in the East，China Li; accumulated in the West，Foreign soldiers Li。Five stars are all gathered from Chen Xing，The country of its dedication can cause the world。"Han Book", "Jin Shu", "Sui Shu", "New Tang Book" astronomy and "Kaiyuan Zhan Jing" also have similar records。"Five Stars" refers to the old star in ancient times、Yingwi、Town (Fill) Star、Taibai and Chen Xing。After the Qin and Han dynasties，Frequency of the Five Elements，They are also called Venus、Jupiter、Mercury、Mars and Saturn。"East" is the specific location of the sky in ancient Chinese star occupation。"China" refers to Gyeonggi and Central Plains in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River，The bet365 Play online games Huaxia area of ​​the four descent。Five -star "accumulated in the East" and "Five Stars out of the East" refers to the five major planets during a certain period，At the same time before the sunrise, it appears in the East Sky，That is "five -star Lianzhu" or "five -star party" phenomenon;，That is, five -star is common in the East，Failure to China。Different from the period of the five major planets around the solar revolution，Five -star convergence of a heavenly phenomenon is very rare，Therefore, the ancients' curiosity and attention，Some kind of "God will" at this heavenly phenomenon，It is considered to be a heavenly descending auspicious，Daji's sign，For example, "Literature Test" is "Zhou will cut the yin，Five -Star Cluster Fang "said。

The brocade production is sophisticated，Exquisite crafts，Color gorgeous，Exquisite and unparalleled，The highest representative of the brocade skills of the Han Dynasty。The brocade of this style and theme，It is extremely rare in the unearthed cultural relics，It is a rare art treasure。Its meaning is deep，Rich connotation，Is a national first -class cultural relic，One of the 64 cultural relics for the first batch of exit exhibitions in China，The treasure of the town hall of the Xinjiang Museum。

The death of the deceased will save it for thousands of years，Five -star out of Oriental Observatory China。"Five Stars" weaving is the farthest "China" in the early unearthed literature，It is also the earliest "China" unearthed in the Western Regions。"The trip to the sun and the moon，If it comes out; Star Han is brilliant，If it comes out of it "，Gaze and brocade，Historical fragments that are flashing with civilized luster，Crossing thousands of years of time and space，Unlimited reveries。

■ Naya Ancient City site  Author/Figure Figure

　　Historical Materials of Hanyu Nanqiang

The arms are knitted with Lishu text "Five Stars Out Oriental List China"，There is also a "诛 诛 羌" weave brocade film，Classic comparison，The two are two pieces of broken tablets of the same brocade。Research on the study of specific historical facts and the synthesis analysis of patterns，The inscription can be continuous:

Five -star out of the East，Shan Yuzhu，诛，Siyi，Shan Yuzhu，and Tian Wuji。

Text rhyme neat。Tattoos style exactly like the brocade (now hidden in the UK) with another brocade of the brocade of the "Five Stars" brocade (now hidden in the UK)，China Dachang，Siyi serving，Nanxiangle Staning，Without the sky "，The content of the two is similar，Time should also be the same，can be proved and read。

Inscription means，Five -star is also seen in the East，Fortunately for the Central Plains dynasty to conquer the military action of Nanqiang，means that this time will be successful。The center of the narrative of the inscription is "诛 羌 羌"，The ideological and basically ending point is "Siyi Server"，That is the peaceful world of the world，This is also the deep meaning and real connotation of "Li China"。Full text，Its basic idea is to use the sign of Tianyu Xiangrui.，It is the success of the Han dynasty and the success of the action Bet365 app download of the Qiang and the surrounding of Siyi，Objectation "with the sky"，祥 祥 祥。

If combined with the social and historical background and the related unearthed documents at the time，The connotation of its text can also be further excavated。

History that may be connected with the content of the brocade inscription，It is a war from the Western Han Dynasty recorded in the Western Han Dynasty recorded by "Hanshu · Zhao Chong Guo"。China Dali，Zero Zero Tribe tribe joint anti -Han，Veterans Zhao Chongguo leaders torture，coincides with the appearance of five -star Lianzhu celestial phenomena，Emperor Han Xuan believes that it is the heavenly descending Xiangrui，So I said: "Today, five stars are out of the East，China Dali，Barbarian defeat。Taibai out of high，Dare to dare to use the soldiers，Ephesians fierce。General Instant Instation，Yintian，Performance，Wan Shi must be all，Do not repeat doubt。”

Yan Shigu Note Zhang Yan said: "Five Stars gather，Its victory。The dumplings are in the West，Stars in East，is Han。"Historical Bookmarks Combined with the brocade inscription，The wording is similar to the same。"Barbaria" is Jin Ming's "South Nang"，refers to the Qiangren who lived in the river cricket area。This provides a reference for determining the era of the brocade。

Zhao Chongguo's conquest of Xiqiao Shortly，The Huns also returned to the Han Dynasty，"Single Solo" of the brocade inscription，Should refer to the Xiongnu's incident。This further proof，Jin Ming's notes is closely related to the Campaign of the Laureta contained in "Hanshu · Zhao Chong Guo Biography"。

Weaving cloud patterns on the icing on the icing on the icing、Bird Beast、Red and white round patterns representing the sun and the moon, etc.，All typical Chinese patterns。Hanli。"Siyi clothing" and other similar sentences are also common in the inscriptions of the bronze mirror of the Han Dynasty;，Such as the "Long Live Qiu Qiu unearthed from the site of Chang'an City, Xi'an, Shaanxi，Wuji Wuji "and other。Overall the inscription is "Wei Tianzhao Ling unearthed from the site of Han Chang'an City，Yanyuan Wannian，Kangning in the World "near the same，The wording is also similar。These can be proved，The era of brocade should be the Han Dynasty。Inspector of the inscription is related to the battle of the Lugao in "Hanshu · Zhao Chong Guo Chuan"，During the specific age, when Emperor Xuan Emperor Crossing the Xiqiao，that is 61 BC。In short，"Five Stars" brocade is an important testimony of the Han army to conquer the West。

　The use of Yin and Yang Five Elements in military

"Historical Records · Tiansheng Book" record，May the following year in Hanyang, Han Gaozu Liu Bang，The heavenly phenomenon of five -star Lianzhu has appeared ("Han Zhixing，Five Stars Gathering in Dongjing ")。Zhao Chongguo led the army to Heping West and Rebellion，Emperor Han Xuan used the "Five Stars Out Oriental List China" star to supervise、Encouraging the book of the battle against the Tai people，Further explains the high attention of the Han Dynasty for this peculiar heavenly phenomenon，The appearance of "Han Zhixing" is attached to the emergence of the Bet365 app download five -star gathering of heaven;，and an important role in the decision -making of the astronomical star on the National Congress of the Han Empires。The brocade inscription should be that the Han Dynasty emphasized the unity of heaven and man at that time、Emperor's God God、The sacredness and legitimacy of the dynasty, as well as the product of the social and historical background of Confucianism。

brocade five colors "green red yellow and white green" (where，Green should represent black，or instead of green because the black is not bright), the "old star、Yingwi、Stars、Taibaixing and Chen Xing "correspond to，Express the theory of Yin and Yang Five Elements to the fullest，Unique。Dogwood patterns on the icing on the icing、Yunqi pattern、Sun Taiyin (Sun Moon) was also a manifestation of the concept of the fairy at that time。

Wish to know，The Warring States Period，Baijia contention，The soldiers and yin and yang family are important genres。Yin Yang School prevails in the late Warring States Period to the beginning of Han，The founder is Zou Yan from Qi State，The core content of its thoughts and theory is "Yin Yang Five Elements"。"Yin and Yang" refers to two forces that are both opposed and interconnected in all things in the world; "Five Elements" are "wood、Fire、Earth、Gold、Water "five basic substances for the operation and change of changes，Emphasize the overall concept。The two are supplemented by each other，Five Elements will be yin and yang，Yin and Yang must and five elements。"Yin and Yang Five Elements" theory combines the idea of ​​counting and the doctrine of Yin and Yang Five Elements and further development，Constructed a large -scale cosmic map，Try to explain the causes of natural phenomena and its change rules。This idea is widely popular during the Qin and Han dynasties，Such as "Lu's Spring and Autumn", "Huainanzi", "Spring and Autumn Fan Lu", etc. are all directly affected by Zou Yan's theory。

Bing Yin and Yang family is the four major genres of the soldiers ("Han Shu · Yi Wen Zhi" divided the soldiers into military power conspirators、Bing Situation Home、One of the four categories of Bingyin Yangjia and Soldiers)，Is in the sky、Criminal moral、Five Elements to predict the good and bad of the war，The category of military digital surgery。"Hanshu · Yi Wen Zhi" said: "，Send it in time，Pushing virtue，Fighting，Due to five wins，False ghosts and gods for helping those also。"Yan Shigu Note:" Five Wins，Five elements win each other。""、Criminal moral、Five Wins，It shows that the various forms of surgery under the thought of Yin and Yang Family in Yin and Yang Family are used in military; "fake ghosts and gods are helpful"，That is, the application of all the square arts of ghosts and gods can be attributed to the scope of the yin and yang of soldiers。Bing Yin and Yang family contains all kinds of previous military surgery，Such as a Bao、astrology、Zhan Yunqi、Dream、Sacrifice、Pray、Curse、Miscellaneous Occupation of Disdishment and Delivery、Witchcraft, etc.，Different from the previous military，It is the number of military bet365 Play online games surgery of the five elements of yin and yang，Its emergence marks the history of Chinese military surgery entering the new stage。

Bing Yin and Yang Idea Theory began to popularize during the Warring States Period，Such as the "Sun Tzu's Art of War" and "Sun Ying Military" in the Hanjie of Yinki Mountain, Linyi, Shandong, are representative and typical。After the Qin and Han dynasties，Five Elements Saying Flow，The theory of Yin and Yang Thoughts was further promoted and spread during the Han and Wei Dynasties，The influence has also further expanded，Such as "Settled Decer" in Changsha, Changsha, Hunan Province、Lingling Huxi Mountain Hanjian "Yan's Five Wins"、Hubei Jiangling Zhangjiashan Hanjian "Gai Lu"、Yinque Mountain Hanjian "The Residence of the Five Sounds of the Five Sounds of the Eight Winds and Five Elements of Heaven and Earth"、Gansu Dunhuang Hanjian "Li Mu" and other，All such literatures; Zhang Liang、Fan Zeng、Li Guangli、Zhang Jiao、Zhuge Liang、Li Yan、Sima Yi、Judge and others，All belong to the soldiers yin and yang home。

In short，Five -star as an astronomical star accounting，In fact, it is closely related to the thoughts of yin and yang five elements popular in the Han Dynasty。The text of the brocade is the auspicious language of praying for auspiciously，But in essence，As a witness to the Western Semioli of the Han Army，The brocade inscription is the practice and application of the Yin and Yang thought of the Han Dynasty in the war of the war of the Han Dynasty，Its connotation is related to the popular astrology of the Han Dynasty and the thought of Yin and Yang in the Han Dynasty，Reflected the god of God at that time、The popularity of the concept of heaven and human sensation and the social phenomenon of the prevalence of the academic academic，was a product of a specific historical and social background at that time。

　　traffic exchanges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions

"Five Star" brocade is bound to the right arm of the tomb owner when the brocade was unearthed，and bow and arrow、Arrow、Short scabbard and other items together，Explain that it should be a practical item used with a complete weapon，Its use is closely related to military practice。The brocade comes from the Niya site far from the Central Plains，It can be seen that the theory and thought of soldiers at that time had been circulated to the Western Region，It is an important physical and text evidence that the thought of the soldiers of the Central Plains during the Qin and Han dynasties of the Warring States Period。

Niya is one of the ancient countries of the Western Regions，Ancient known as Jingju Nuo，Is a city -state on the south road of the Silk Road，Located on east -west traffic，The strategic location is important。"Hanshu · Western Regions Biography": "Exquisite Kingdom，Wang Zhi Jing Juecheng，Go Changan Eighty Eighty Twenty Miles。Household 480，Era 3,360，500 victory soldiers。绝 都、Left and right will、Translation of one person。Northern to Metropolitan Governance Temple 2,723 miles，Southern to Ronglu Guo's four -day line，Di'Bet365 lotto review er narrow，Xitong defend 460 miles。"The Biography of the Han Dynasty · Western Regions": "，There are two stories。Bei Nanshan North，West River Westward，Zhiha Che，is South Road。Southern Road West Over -onion collar，The country of Da Yue and the country of rest also ... Yumen，Jingjing Shan、and last、Essence of more than 3,000 miles to defend。"" Han Jane in the Dunhuang Xuanquan site in the west end of the Hexi Corridor in the Central Plains and the West of the West Region，There are also records about the exchanges between the fine country and the Han Dynasty。4th Century，The small oasis country that has been prosperous on the Silk Road quietly obliterates in the vast sandy sea，Its magnificent and prosperous urban Niya has been sleeping in the depths of the desert since then。

The master of the Nujuju King of the Nica Ruins of Niya Site Tomb，The age is from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei and Jin dynasties。and the brocade inscription reflects the war of Emperor Xuanxi when Emperor Xuanxi，Obviously earlier than the age of the tomb。"Five Star" weaving for the brocade because of its special design ideas and the content of auspiciousness，Coupled with a special prayer purpose，Its design weaving should be produced by the Royal Weaving Room of the Han Dynasty，Its use should also be extraordinary。How did this precious brocade spread to the Silk Road Oasis City State Essence of the Silk Road Oasis? The academic community is generally considered，It was a gift of gifts to the small king of the Western Regions by the Central Government of the Han Dynasty at that time。

In the second year of the Emperor Xuan Emperor (60 years ago)，To manage the unified Western Regions，The Western Han Dynasty established the Western Region Metropolitan Mansion，officially set up officials in the Western Regions、Soveree、Implementing a decree，Start exercising national sovereignty，The Western Regions have since become an inseparable part of my country's territory。One of the 36 countries in the Western Regions of the Han Dynasty，Duhufu, the Western Regions of the Han Dynasty。"Five Star" weaving should be rewarded to Jingjuguo when the Capital Mansion was established in the Western Regions，The official reward of the imperial court of the Western Han Dynasty，Witnesses the history of the establishment of the Western Duhufu。

The brocade pattern pattern is fresh and eye -catching，Xiangbird、Rui Beast、White Tiger walks around Yunqi、Between the interstellar，Show a strong confidence and power。Symbol of as a national communication and integration，"Five Stars" Weaving this piece of Xiangrui、with mysterious color、Awards full of symbolic significance，The cherished aristocracy is highly cherished，ter passed from generation to generation。Because the production of this brocade is closely related to the inscription content with the inscription，Therefore, the aristocratic aristocratic aristocratic arms used for archery (tied to the front arm of the ejection forearm to protect the arm)，Can be used for everything，Fame is consistent。The heirs of the King will Bet365 lotto review be buried after the death，It can be seen that they cherish the relationship between Central Plains and the Western Regions。

The circulation of items reflects the communication between the Central Plains Han Dynasty and the Zhubang ethnic group and culture of the Western Regions。The text record of the brocade arm itself，It is the explicit evidence of the exchange of fusion of the four descent peoples such as the Western Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu and the Xiongnu，Its unearthed land clearly reflects the integration of the Central Plains dynasty and the Western regions.，It is one of the important physical evidences under the jurisdiction and governance of the central government of the Han Dynasty，It provides a typical case for studying the Chinese civilization from a diversity to a unified cultural integration in the Qin and Han dynasties，It is an important testimony of the formation process of the Chinese nation community。

"Five Star" brocades through color、patterns and text gathers astronomy、historical facts and the concepts of yin and yang five elements of the ancients cleverly integrated，Not only a dusty historical relic and silent text symbol，It also reflects the ancient advanced science and technology，Carrying a distant history and heavy culture，Vividly show the rich connotation and special charm of Chinese civilization，Demonstrate the recognition of Chinese culture in the Western Regions。Between square inches，concentrated history，Condensing civilization，It is a veritable Silk Road treasure，The discovery of the brocade of "Five Stars" is known as one of the greatest discoveries of Chinese archeology in the 20th century，Fame Chinese and foreign。

The story behind text narratives and cultural relics，Reveal the secrets of ancient history，Interpretation of the password of civilization，Let the cultural relics speak，Let history speak，Genes of Chinese civilization，Guarding the common home of the Chinese nation，is the mission and responsibility given to us by history and the times。

　　(Author Unit: School of History of Xinjiang University)