In order to meet the people's needs for a better life，Central Committee of the Communist Party of China、The State Council issued the "Healthy China 2030" planning outline in 2016，According to the development of the times、Changes in social needs and disease spectrum，Promoting the construction of healthy China at the national strategic level，Emphasize "co -construction and sharing、National Health "。2017，General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，"To improve the national health policy，Provide the people with a full range of full -cycle health services for the people "。truly reaches the level of national health，Not only should we improve professional technology and humanities at the medical and health level，More need to build a new medical and health care mode。Where，"New Liberal Arts" and "New Medical Science" construction of human and social sciences into medical and nursing research and practice，It is the top priority facing the current medical scientific community and the humanities and social sciences。The author will try to discuss the social foundation and practice of "care" behavior，also pointed out that "care" research will become the new bond of humanities, social sciences and medical interdisciplinary research，It is a new direction for the development of medical humanities。

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In anthropology research，From Marinovsky to the criticism absorption of Moss's "Kura Circle" non -"pure gift"，and propose mutual benefit theory，Mutual benefit has become an important content for human understanding of bet365 best casino games society。Polandi pointed out that mutual benefit and re -assignment、The market constitutes three social integration models in human history，He believes that "mutual exchanges" refers to the basis of social obligations as the basis for exchanges of items and labor，The purpose of the exchange is non -material、Non -profit。Therefore，His concept of mutual benefit is broader than the previous scope，It is also more cross -cultural meaning。It can be said，Mutual benefit exists in society，is the basis of social relations。

Care is a form of social communication and practice that is generally common in people's daily life，It is a sympathy for others in the fragile state (including the body and the mind)、Care and care behaviors，It is full of people's life full cycle，It is the cornerstone of the booming human society。Care as the basis of daily life of human beings，It is also a kind of reciprocity。In many cultures，People will look forward to parents who care for adult children，This care responsibility hides the reciprocal logic of the relative relationship: parents give care at their children's childhood，Children should take care of them when their parents are old。Of course，Not all care behaviors are based on this payment that has been obtained or expected to get，There are multiple care relationships in the entire life process，Standard's dual reciprocity mode based on the care of both sides，and the care and acceptance of simple exchange and acceptance cannot explain social care，Instead, you need to understand through the relationship between society and individuals。Therefore，The concept of care can not be simply understood as a nursing behavior，It is a connection of a complex social relationship，It is a reciprocal behavior reached by people in social relations; from the perspective bet365 live casino games of medical anthropology，Care has greatly surpassed the category of medical care，Become a moral question。

Mutual benefit in social care is a set of interconnection、Social relations with each other。In care，There is a close connection between the caregiver and the person who is taken care of，Care provides the person who needs to take care of the person through his own practice，and the person who is taken care，Used to return the care of the people in the care process，The two are in the interaction，At the same time, it also deepened the understanding of each other，Constructing a special emotional connection，So as to promote the construction of a harmonious society。

"Care" in the interweaving of suffering and morality

From the perspective of the beginning of social science，It produces explanations and responses to social suffering，The ultimate purpose should also be in the practice of responding to social suffering and actively participating in the practice of alleviating social suffering。But，Social Sciences' attention to suffering、Response and care about real life will soon be wrapped by the industrial revolution and modernization，On the basis of the excessive emphasis on rationalism in the Enlightenment，Trees to professionalization，Blind pursuit of science and objective，Emphasize researchers' extraction, etc.，Make many research on social sciences lacks deep sympathy and care for suffering。At the same time，To maximize interests、Modern market logic invaded people's daily life and medical field of commodity and human self -self -ship theory，It also masked the morality between people、Emotional、Religion and aesthetic expression，Treatment of trust crisis。

For this，Medical anthropologist Arthur Kleinman calls on social science to return to its original intention，A response to life experience through academic research，bet365 live casino games Understand the morality of people、suffering and pain。He proposed to re -examine the concept of "care"，Incorporate morality into care and understanding，Pointing out that care is about the life of the caregiver and the caregiver、The moral experience of self and dignity，"present" is the core part of the care。Only by participating in the suffering of others、In the care of sadness and disappointment，We can get this moral experience，can we truly understand the suffering of social life and the pain of others，and how to respond to the wisdom and meaning of social suffering。As he said: "Care as a moral experience for social suffering，Only in this experience，We can find wisdom (Search for Wisdom)。Only the inevitable disappointment and pain have been experienced in person、The real emotion and moral experience obtained by failure is wisdom，Wisdom is by no means the concept of the Hanging Pavilion (IDEA)。”

　　Construct a social care mode based on "mutual benefit"

　　Care is the moral experience of sympathy and care for social suffering，It is a kind of mutual benefit that occurs between people with love and care，Therefore, it is actually a kind of mutual benefit、Effective humanistic practice in response to social suffering，Including practical actions (physical care)、Emotional Action and Moral Actions:。Understand the specific practice and meaning of care from the perspective of medical anthropology and social work，Discuss "care" as a new direction for the development of medical humanities disciplines。

In the research of medical anthropology and medical sociology，Care is an important practical content of knowing the world。Experience of Kaibowen alone after his wife suffers from Alzheimer's disease，It also allows him to understand the care for care.。He published the book "Care"，Concentrated discussion on the medical Bet365 app download humanistic practice process of care for care，and in -depth thinking of the inherent difficulties of care practice: "During the care process，There are often two feelings that are competing for tug -of -type。Sometimes，On the one hand，You will feel that care is a burden，This feeling is relatively bitter; and on the other hand，You will believe it again，No matter how heavy this burden is，In the end, there will be a repayment，This feeling is even more exciting。"Care is the most straightforward understanding and care of social suffering，Only by understanding social suffering more can you better achieve care。In other words，Care is a daily life practice，Need us to understand and love to understand and listen to others，and form positive social interaction with others。Care emphasizes the exchange of both parties，This exchange has also reshaped the subjectivity of the caregiver and the caregiver，By present、Participate、Support affirmation and cooperation，Care behavior is completed。In the process of taking care of others，In fact, it has also reshaped the self; care for the caregiver，It is also a kind of "self -practice"。This kind of reciprocity of this kind of regardless of emotional effort and economic benefits is also a criticism and reconciliation of the current market economy logic，It is a reflection on the market economy model of the maximization of benefits and ignoring people's emotions and morals。Through the care between individuals and society in the entire political and economic environment，The trust of the entire society can be established and obtained a good maintenance。

Medical and social work as an indispensable and important part of the modern health and medical system，For the promotion of patient recovery、Solve medical disputes、Reflect that modern medical humanities bet365 best casino games care plays an irreplaceable role。Medical and social workers also actively promote family care and community participation，Broaden the application space and practical field of care，Further solve the transformation of the contemporary disease spectrum dominated by chronic diseases，A series of social issues caused by insufficient medical and care resources。At the same time, bring the concept of care to the family and community，To a certain extent, the phenomenon of social relations under the leadership of the market economy，strengthened social connection。further，Care practitioners practiced by medical social workers is not a narrow nursing concept，It is actually an important human social practice，They promote the care of care through their professional skills，I am also practicing social care behaviors。

This can be seen，Care can start from multiple dimensions，Putting the individual、Integration of community and hospitals，Pursuing the "physiological -psychological -society" mode of the current medical humanities and humanities in practice，This medical humanistic model not only needs to pay attention to the professional operation of care，It also needs to promote the formation of mutual benefit and moral experience thinking in the care practice，to promote the connection of benign social relations，Finally promote social development。

To sum up，Social care is the basis for the continuation of human society，Existing in the daily life of the entire society。Social care is important in human social order and life process。Born, old, sick and dying are all needed for care，In this sense, care is the cornerstone of human society。Therefore，It should be established to go out of the medical institution，Enter the community and family，Follow the social and cultural attributes of care for care，Follow the whole bet365 Play online games society、Beyond the scope of biological care、Social care mode based on mutual benefit。

　　(This article is the major project of the National Social Science Fund "Constructing Chinese Experience and Global Sharing of Human Health and Health" (20&ZD122) Pharmaceutical results)

(Author Unit: Medical Anthropology Professional Committee of Chinese Anthropology and Ethnicology Research Association; School of Nursing and Health of Guangzhou Southern College)