Ecological environment partition control and constructing land space planning is an important content of the ecological civilization system,All are committed to promoting the governance of ecological environment through land and space partition,But the development path and system focus of the two systems are different。How to achieve effective connection between the two,It is an important question that needs to be followed in the compilation of the environmental code。
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Dividing the functional area and implementing differentiated management and control are an effective means of ecological environmental protection,Usually adopted by countries around the world。Since the 1990s, my country has successively delineated surface water、Atmospheric and sound environment function zone,After entering the 21st century, the delineation of the red line through ecological function zone and ecological protection,The partition management and control system of different ecological environment elements has been initially constructed。During this period, the control of the ecological environment partition is mainly protected by single elements,It is difficult to achieve the overall protection of specific ecological environment space。other,The spatial scale of the control partition is thicker,No full coverage of land space。
Take the construction of ecological civilization as an opportunity,Since 2015, my country has begun to explore the red line of ecological protection、The bottom line of the environmental quality、Resource utilization and ecological environment access list (that is, "three lines and one order") as the core content of the core content partition control。As of the end of 2021,All provinces in my country、The results of the two -level "three lines and one order" in the city have been completed,Basically established the control system covering Bet365 app download the nation's ecological environment zoning。Compared with the early single factor partition control,Ecological environment partition control based on the "three lines and one order" integrates ecological protection、Environmental quality management and resource utilization and other multi -factor control requirements,The overall demand of ecological environmental protection can be better fits。More importantly,This kind of ecological environment partition control transforms the above "three -line" into differentiated management and access requirements for different regions and ecological environment control units,Provides the government and enterprises with the visualization standards in the field of ecological environment management。Therefore,This kind of ecological environment partition is essentially a spatial governance method aimed at ecological environmental protection,It through "Frame、Fixed Rules "is ensuring systemic、Based on the integrity, the spatialization of ecological environment governance、Differential、Refined。
Putting on General Secretary Xi Jinping,Land is a spatial carrier for the construction of ecological civilization。One of the important goals of the construction of ecological civilization is to build "the production space intensive efficiency、Moderate living space livable、Ecological Space Mountains and Clear Water Show "。To achieve the above goals,It is necessary to build a space and space governance system based on spatial planning。On the one hand,Land Space Planning is a guide and blueprint for national space development,The basic basis for various types of development and protection and construction activities。On the other hand,Land and Space Planning aims to achieve the overall optimization of the land space structure through "multi -regulation and one",Differential treatment of different partitions of land and space through the use of land space。Therefore,Ecological environment partition control with ecological environment governance as its core target,The overall framework of the land and space governance system must be included in order to bet365 Play online games better play its effectiveness。The "Yangtze River Protection Law" promulgated in 2020 is realizing the management and control of the ecological environment.,It is clearly required that the "ecological environment partition control plan and ecological environment access list should be connected with land and space planning"。
Path: Taking the space partition and its control measures as the focus
Ecological environment partition control is based on regional ecological evaluation results as scientific basis,Division of land space as a priority protection area according to ecological environment attributes and economic and social development characteristics、Key management and control zone、The three types of ecological environment control units of general management and control areas。Land and Space Planning will plan the main functional area、Land use plan、space planning such as urban and rural planning is integrated,Based on the evaluation of the capacity of the resources and the environment and the adaptive evaluation of the land and space development (that is, the "dual evaluation"),Defining ecological protection red line、Permanent basic farmland、Town development boundary and other spatial control borders,Coordinating layout Ecology、Agriculture、Town and other functional spaces。It is not difficult to find,Both use ecological priority to guide the concept,Two -area space partition、Refined management control is the core management idea。but,Ecological environment partition control and control more attention to the ecological environment attributes of land space,Based on the current status and ecological environment management goals of its ecological environment as the basis。Land and Space Planning needs to consider production、Life、Ecological space requirements,Pay attention to the spatial distribution pattern of various activities from a relatively macro level,Ecological environment attributes are just one of the factors that need to be considered。As a result, the result is,The lack of organic connection or corresponding relationship between the partitions of ecological environment control partitions and land space planning。
The preferred protected area in the ecological environment control zone Bet365 app download includes the red line of ecological protection、General ecological space、Water Environment Priority Reserve、Atmospheric Environment Priority Reserve, etc.。According to the current technical solution,Ecological environment control partitions and land space planning partitions are only the ecological protection red line zone。Ecological protection Red Line delineated land space,It is both a preferred protected area in the ecological environment control partition,Ecological space that belongs to the planning of land space。Most of the general ecological space is located in the ecological space in the planning of land space,But there is also space in the urban space and agricultural space to provide ecosystem services or ecological products as the main function function。For example,Urban Park Greenland、Urban Botanical Garden、Urban Forest Park、Farmland Protective Forest、Ecological breeding industry zone, etc.。According to the importance of ecological services and the sensitivity assessment of the ecosystem,These "ecological space" in urban space and agricultural space,It should also be included in the preferred protected area in the ecological environment management control partition。other,Ecological Environmental Management Control Division of Natural Resources Key Management and Control Zone、A sensitive area of the atmospheric environment layout、Space partitions such as the weak diffusion zone of the atmospheric environment are distributed in the "three zones" of land and space planning。Strict limitation of high -emissions or high pollution projects in sensitive areas and weak diffusion zones in the atmospheric environment,But there may be no such requirements in the control measures corresponding to such areas in the planning and control measures corresponding to such areas,Therefore, there may be potential conflicts at the specific project management level of control and land space use control。
In the spatial governance system,Space partition is just a means,Differential implementation based on space -based partition、Refined control measures are the core tasks of bet365 Play online games spatial governance。Ecological environment partition control should be used as a space carrier、Relying on the ecological environment access list,The system integrates space layout constraints、Control of pollutant emissions、Environmental risk prevention and control、Management requirements of four aspects such as resource utilization efficiency。Where,Priority protection unit focusing on ecological environmental protection,Focus on controlling the control unit to restrict various development and construction activities within the capacity of the resource and environmental carrying capacity,The general control unit is based on the basis of maintaining the regional ecological environment and the basis of basically stability。Land and Space Planning combined with space use and attributes,Divide Ecology、Three types of spaces of agriculture and urban and towns,Ecological space through the control rules of land space、Agricultural Space and Urban Space (that is, "Three Districts") propose detailed requirements for development, utilization or protection; emphasize the control area and control line as the main means,But the lack of specific refinement and control in the ecological environment governance in the urban space。Comparison of comparison,The land and space planning with the "three districts and three lines" as the core, although it attaches great importance to the ecological protection red line,But basically does not involve environmental goals and management requirements such as the bottom line of environmental quality and resource use。
For this,The connection between the management and control of the ecological environment partition and the planning of land and space should be strengthened from two aspects: space partition and control measures。First,Space partition should be based on the partition of land and space planning。The advantage of land space planning is to designate ecological space from the macro level,and control the control of ecological space through use control。Therefore,Based on the development and utilization pattern determined by land and space planning、Planning EIA as the starting point、The scientific basis with bet365 Play online games the results of the evaluation of the regional space ecological environment,Fully considers ecological environment factors in the "dual evaluation" of land and space planning,Make the land and space partition based on the "three districts and three lines" have good environmental rationality。Next,The ecological environment governance measures of various types of land and space partitions shall be specifically controlled through the management and control of the ecological environment zoning。The disadvantage of land and space planning is that it is systematized within the scope of various types of land and space、Refined、Insufficient supply of differentiated ecological environmental control measures,This is exactly the advantage of the control of the ecological environment partition。Therefore,The management and control measures of ecological environment partitions should be regarded as an extension and refinement of the control measures of land and space use in the ecological environment,The content of the spatial layout constraints in the ecological environment admission list should be used as the content of the use of land and space planning,The content of the ecological environment involved in the environment of land and space use control should also be included in the ecological environment admission list,The two form a complete land and space ecological environment partition management and control system。
In the ecological civilization system,Land and Space Planning focuses on delineation of land and space landscape,Ecological environment partition management and control focuses on the space of ecological environment control measures,Promoting the effective connection between the two helps to build a new pattern of the development and utilization of land space and the governance of ecological environment。
(This article is the Study on the Legal Mechanism of the Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei Regional Young Ecological Compensation Legal Mechanism "(18FXC026) phased achievement)
(Author Unit: School of Law of Northwest University)
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