Since the 1980s，The United Nations began to explore plans and paths for reforming the human rights bet365 bonus code louisiana，It played an important role in supervising and promoting human rights protection，But it has also been criticized by all parties for its low operational efficiency。In this context，The United Nations implemented and completed the "2020 Assessment Plan"，Subsequently, the reform of the human rights bet365 bonus code louisiana entered the "joint promotion process"。As General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，Our country adheres to the path of China’s human rights development，Promote the comprehensive development of human rights，While human rights are better protected in the country，Also actively participates in global human rights governance，Made important contributions in the reform of the United Nations human rights bet365 bonus code louisiana。

　　Reform results bet365 bonus code louisiana “2020 Evaluation Plan”

　2014，The United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution entitled “Strengthening and enhancing the effective functioning of the human rights bet365 bonus code louisiana” (Resolution 68/268)，Requires the Secretary-General to submit a report to the General Assembly every two years，Explain the current status of the human rights bet365 bonus code louisiana and reform progress。At the same time，The resolution requires the General Assembly to review the operation of the human rights bet365 bonus code louisiana and the effectiveness of reform measures in 2020，And decide on further action。The above measures together constitute the main content of the “2020 Assessment Plan”，The reform has achieved certain results during this period。

First，The number of ratifications of human rights treaties and their protocols continues to increase。"2020 Assessment Plan" Period，The total number of letters of ratification of treaties and declarations from state parties increased from 2190 to 2451 (the relevant data in this article come from the report of the United Nations Secretary-General on the "Status of the Human Rights bet365 bonus code louisiana")，The largest increases focus on ratifications of the Optional Protocol and statements authorizing treaty bodies to consider individual communications and investigations。This trend reflects countries’ respect for the human rights bet365 bonus code louisiana、Recognition and affirmation of the important role in protecting and promoting human rights，But as the number of contracting parties continues to increase，The workload of treaty bodies has also increased，This will further exacerbate the long-standing backlog problem faced by treaty bodies。

Secondly，Implementation of State Party reporting obligations has improved。"2020 Assessment Plan" Period，By simplifying reporting procedures、Develop a unified reporting schedule、Reducing reporting obligations of States Parties、Strengthening capacity building of state parties and other measures，The number of States parties in full compliance with reporting obligations increased from 25 (13%) to 38 (19%)，The implementation of State parties’ reporting obligations has improved。Reviewing national reports of States parties is the main way for bet365 bonus code louisiana bodies to perform their oversight functions，Promoting state parties to fulfill their reporting obligations on time is of positive significance for maintaining the effective operation of bet365 bonus code louisiana bodies。

AGAIN，Backlog of State Party reports eased。"2020 Assessment Plan" Period，By adopting simplified review procedures、Specifies the total workload target、Provide additional meeting time and other measures，Backlog of State Party reports reduced from 304 to 183，Report backlog eased。However, there are currently only 172 independent experts working in individual capacities in various bet365 bonus code louisiana bodies without pay，Each committee needs to review an average of 2 times per week.6 reports。Based on current data analysis，In Human Resources、When resources such as material resources and meeting time are relatively limited，The report backlog problem cannot be fundamentally solved。

Finally，The United Nations has adopted improved review procedures、Sound management system、Provide human and material support and other measures to deal with the backlog of personal communications，However, the backlog of personal communications is still severe。"2020 Assessment Plan" Period，The backlog of personal communications increased from 584 to 1587。Due to the obvious shortage of various resources，The average rate at which bet365 bonus code louisiana bodies consider individual communications is 23 per week.4 copies，Average time per communication 10.5 weeks，Even if bet365 bonus code louisiana bodies no longer receive new individual communications，It will still take more than 6 years to clear the backlog。

　　Problems exposed by the “2020 bet365 bonus code louisiana” and their causes

"During the "2020 Assessment Plan"，With the joint promotion of all stakeholders，Reform measures have achieved certain results，But it also exposed the main problems affecting the effective operation of the human rights bet365 bonus code louisiana at this stage。

First，The State Party fails to fulfill its reporting obligations in a timely manner。The issue of States parties not fulfilling their reporting obligations in a timely manner，It has existed for a long time since the establishment of the human rights bet365 bonus code louisiana，The reasons are complicated。One，The implementation of State party reporting obligations requires a large amount of manpower、Material resources，Some States Parties have insufficient reporting capacity，Unable to fulfill reporting obligations under various treaties in a timely manner，And some report contents are duplicated、Perfunctory form，Unable to accurately reflect the performance of the State Party。Part 2，State parties face the United Nations Charter mechanism、Multiple reporting obligations under treaty mechanisms and regional mechanisms，In the case of lack of coordination and cooperation among various mechanisms，Some States Parties face multiple reporting pressures，Choose to delay or fail to perform reporting obligations。

Secondly，The backlog of bet365 bonus code louisiana work still exists for a long time。In recent years，The backlog of State Party reports has been somewhat alleviated，But the backlog of personal communications continues to grow。There are two main reasons for this phenomenon。One，With the continuous development of the United Nations human rights treaty system，The number of countries ratifying optional protocols to treaties and authorizing treaty bodies to consider individual communications is increasing rapidly，The workload of various treaty bodies has also increased significantly，Thus exacerbating the work backlog。Part 2，In case of significant increase in workload，The United Nations does not allocate corresponding financial resources to treaty bodies，And the contracting state is in manpower、It is difficult to reach consensus on financial issues such as material resources and meeting time，Less treaty bodies lacking sufficient resources to fully carry out their work。

Finally，Lack of coordination and cooperation within and outside the bet365 bonus code louisiana。Internally speaking，The human rights system as a harmonious and unified whole，Working objectives of each treaty body、Work tasks、The scope of work and working methods have certain similarities。In the absence of effective coordination and cooperation，There are phenomena of repeated submission of reports by States parties and repeated acceptance of individual communications by treaty bodies，This not only increases the performance obligations of the contracting parties，It also takes up the limited review resources of treaty bodies。Externally speaking，The human rights bet365 bonus code louisiana also faces other United Nations human rights protection mechanisms，In particular, the challenges posed by the universal periodic review mechanism。In the absence of effective coordination and cooperation，Other human rights protection mechanisms overlap with the scope of work of treaty bodies，Squeezing the financial resources required by treaty bodies to a certain extent，And raises new challenges to the effectiveness of treaty body operations。

　　Prospects for bet365 bonus code louisiana “jointly promoting the process”

　After the end of the “2020 Evaluation Plan”，The United Nations appoints the permanent representatives of Morocco and Switzerland as co-conveners，Informal consultations with stakeholders，Marks the beginning of the “joint promotion process”。Some of the recommendations in this process have been supported by relevant United Nations resolutions，And promoted the United Nations General Assembly to adopt a resolution entitled "Human Rights bet365 bonus code louisiana" (Resolution 75/174)。According to this resolution，The United Nations Secretary-General released the fourth report on the "Status of the Human Rights bet365 bonus code louisiana" in August 2022。To this，Our country also submitted written comments，Expressed positions and opinions on the new process of reforming the human rights bet365 bonus code louisiana。

First，Strengthen the application of digital information and communication technology。The COVID-19 pandemic has brought attention to the human rights bet365 bonus code louisiana，Strengthen the application of digital information and communication technology，Can effectively improve the operational efficiency and transparency of treaty bodies，And strengthen dialogue and interaction between all parties。But in the process of popularization，May face technical gaps such as technology gap、Time zone coordination、Challenges of issues such as cybersecurity and the special needs of people with disabilities。To this，Our country specially pointed out，Although online mode has its convenience，But what mode to use for dialogue，The opinions of the State Party should be fully respected。Therefore，All parties agree that all work of treaty bodies should not be transferred to Internet platforms，A hybrid online and offline model should be adopted，Ensure the importance of on-site interaction in the work of treaty bodies。

Secondly，Improving the nomination criteria and selection procedures for bet365 bonus code louisiana members。The nomination and selection of bet365 bonus code louisiana members should take into account equity in geographical distribution、Representatives of different cultural forms and major legal systems、Balance of gender composition。Our country agrees with this，And proposed that the diversity of membership is crucial to the effective operation of treaty bodies，We should continue to insist on it。This proposal has been supported by the United Nations General Assembly。The United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution entitled "Promoting Equitable Geographical Distribution of Membership of Human Rights Treaty Bodies" in 2021，The resolution explicitly recommends，Member seats should be allocated according to the proportion of member states in each region，This will change the imbalance of geographical distribution to a certain extent，Promote equitable distribution of bet365 bonus code louisiana membership。

Finally，Increase stakeholder participation。National Human Rights Institution、Stakeholders such as civil organizations and academic institutions，Providing human rights information、Played an important role in raising awareness of human rights and tracking the implementation of recommendations。By increasing investment in technology、Establish a communication platform、Improve communication channels，Further promote its interaction with treaty bodies，Contribute to enhancing the diversity and effectiveness of the bet365 bonus code louisiana。To this，Our country emphasizes that treaty bodies have the responsibility to urge stakeholders to comply with the Charter and other relevant rules，And adhere to an objective and fair stance，Strictly screen information and materials provided by stakeholders，To ensure that it can play an orderly role in the operation of treaty bodies。

(Author’s unit: Qingdao University Law School)