General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out，China's poverty alleviation insists on mobilizing the whole society to participate，Give full play to the advantages of the Chinese system，Construction of the government、Society、Market Cooperative Poverty Alleviation Law，Formed a cross -region、cross -department、cross -unit、The diverse main body poverty alleviation system participated in the whole society。Current，Poverty Alleviation has reached the decisive victory、The critical stage of full ending，All regions and departments are overcome deep poverty -stricken forts。Adhere to the improvement of the poverty alleviation system of diversified subjects，Common cooperation to enhance the development ability of the poor，Only in order to fully build a high -quality well -off society。

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my country has gradually formed the government -led during the process of poverty alleviation、The main force of the market、The pattern of poverty alleviation participation of social participation collaboration。The poverty alleviation system of multiple subjects helps to play the institutional advantage of socialism，Continuity and effectiveness of ensuring poverty alleviation measures。

The top -level design of the government poverty alleviation has experienced relief poverty alleviation、Development -type poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation。After reform and opening up，In rural areas, first through the change of land operation system and adjustment of production relations，Improving the absolute poverty state。1978-1988，Rural poor people dropped from 250 million to 96 million。From 1986，The government reforms relief poverty alleviation，Determined development of poverty alleviation，Form a special poverty Bet365 lotto review alleviation work system from central to local，Provide people for the development of poor areas、Cai、objects and other aspects of protection。1985-2000，The cumulative investment of the special poverty alleviation funds of the central government is about 73 billion yuan，2001-2010 reached 144 billion yuan。At the same time，Cross -region、cross -department、The establishment of a poverty alleviation mechanism for cross -unit，For example, the central government's counterpart assistance、Help for the west parts，It is still an important way to obtain poverty alleviation resources in poor areas。2014，The State Council Poverty Alleviation Office's "Notice on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Plan for Establishing a Precision Poverty Alleviation Work Mechanism" and "Notice on Printing and Distributing the Work Plan for Poverty Alleviation Development and Construction Card"，It marks the formal establishment of the work mechanism of precision poverty alleviation。

Market subjects are involved in poverty alleviation under the guidance of the government，and increasingly played an irreplaceable role。Narrow market subject poverty alleviation means that market entities donate materials for poor areas、Provide employment、Assistance construction, etc.。Poverty Alleviation of market entities in a broad sense refers to the use of market players to solve the development of poverty -stricken areas，It is mainly reflected in the industrialization process after the 1990s，200 million migrant workers from the countryside to the city，From Midwest to East，Change the livelihood mode，Improve the state of poverty。A survey of the National Bureau of Statistics，In 2000, the salary remuneration of Chinese farmers accounted for 31.1%of its net income，13 percentage points from 1985。GDP grow faster region，The faster the speed of the poor people is reduced。So far，Rural residents in poor areas are technical、Bet365 lotto review No funds、Lack of items、In the case of a small market，Working is the main path for poverty alleviation。other，Poverty Alleviation in the broad market also includes the cultivation and development of market entities in poor areas，Rural Cooperative、Farmers Association, etc.。

Social subjects participate in poverty alleviation，mainly refers to social organizations、Charity institutions, etc. participate in poverty alleviation。The early 1990s，Some social organizations with official background have begun to invest in the poverty alleviation process，If the China Poverty Alleviation Foundation and the Chinese Charity Federation established in 1994，In disaster relief、Medical Rescue、Teachers and assistants have played an important role。Chinese social organizations cooperate with the group organization and international organizations through the official background，Evaluate the development needs of poor groups、Social resources are integrated into the field of poverty alleviation and helped the government improve the efficiency of poverty alleviation。During the period of "August 7" poverty alleviation，International and domestic non -governmental organizations mobilized poverty alleviation funds of more than 50 billion yuan，accounting for 28%of the total investment of the entire social poverty alleviation。Social Organization focuses on women、Children、Environmental Protection、Ethical minority culture and other specific poverty alleviation areas，Through small credit、Community development、Participating in a series of development technologies such as poverty alleviation，Improve the ability and development capabilities of poor people。

　　High -quality completion of poverty alleviation goals

Enter the 21st century，The reform of poverty reduction brought by the reform of the market economy system and development of poverty alleviation is getting lower and lower。my country shifts from the development stage of labor -intensive light industry to the process Bet365 app download of capital and technology -intensive industrialization.，The rural economy in poor areas failed to be promoted simultaneously，Between areas、Differences between urban and rural areas。Poverty alleviation development model is difficult to adapt to the new stage poverty alleviation situation，Rural labor in poor areas transfer to cities and towns，Agricultural production extension、The phenomenon of hollowization in the countryside，The fell rate of the poor is getting slower and slower。

For the new poverty alleviation situation，To ensure the goal of building a well -off society in an all -round way as scheduled，The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as its core has built the policy system and workflow of precision poverty alleviation。The government will focus on poverty villages and individuals in deep poverty -stricken areas。In addition to increasing special financial poverty alleviation、Investment of the counterpart assistance，Pay more attention to the improvement of labor quality and industrial development，Promote through the whole village、Large -scale supply of infrastructure and inclusive public services to promote poverty alleviation。The poor people fell from 98.99 million at the end of 2012 to 5.51 million people at the end of 2019，The incidence of poverty is reduced from 10.2%to 0.6%。601 of the 832 poverty -stricken counties across the country have been announced to pick up hats，Regional overall poverty is basically solved。

Poverty alleviation from decisive achievements to comprehensive victory，The difficulties and challenges you face are still arduous。There are 52 poverty -stricken counties nationwide without picking hats、2707 poor villages are not available、Poverty of the poverty -stricken people who set up files are not all poverty alleviation。These poor and poor、The difficulty of the sleepy is the hardest hard bone，Coupled with the new challenge of the new crown pneumonia，Poverty Alleviation tasks are even more difficult。Between Bet365 app download the areas of deep poverty、Inside the same area，In natural geographical conditions and economy、Society、Cultural conditions and other aspects have relatively significant differences。The relationship between poverty and large areas is gradually weakening，Population quality、The correlation between the accumulation of family funds and the production and living environment of local areas is gradually increasing。Cooperation between the government and market entities，Flexible allocation of economic elements，Explore a variety of effective poverty alleviation models，For example, e -commerce poverty alleviation、"Industry+Village Collective Economy", etc.。

For the most weak poor people，The government is constantly improving the social security system。For places where social security cannot be covered，Social power can take it in a professional way，Meeting the diversified development needs of the poor。According to statistics，The remaining elderly people in the poor people、sick、The proportion of disabled people reaches 45.7%。The State Council Poverty Alleviation Office in the "Notice on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Plan for Establishing a Precision Poverty Alleviation Work Mechanism"，Emphasize encouraging and guiding social organizations、Social poverty alleviation participants such as individuals to carry out various poverty alleviation activities in poor areas，Building a social poverty alleviation information platform，Realize the precise allocation of social poverty alleviation resources。Governments at all levels can open up the last mile of precision poverty alleviation by purchasing social services，Significant results。

　　New challenges in cope with poverty governance

From 2020，Comprehensively eliminate absolute poverty in rural areas in accordance with the existing standards，This marks the absolute poverty problem that has long -term trouble in China will become history。Initially built a comprehensive well -off society，It means that no one can eat or wear warm，Everyone has bet365 Play online games basic housing、Education and Medical。Following poverty and picking hats is not the end，Instead, it is a new starting point for building a high -quality comprehensive well -off society。Relatively poverty still exists，And dynamic、Long -term and complexity。

How to deal with new challenges in poverty governance after the completion of the well -off society? The Central Document No. 1 in 2020 clearly pointed out that it is necessary to study and establish a long -term mechanism for solving relatively poor poverty。According to international experience，When the poor fall to 10%，Poverty Alleviation methods must improve different groups from the micro level to income、Education、Medical inequality。Relatively poor governance is not the government、Market and other single subjects can complete，Need to rely on the poverty governance system of multiple subjects，Generation of endogenous motivation for the development of poverty -stricken areas and poor people。

Eliminating the essence of poverty is to realize modern transformation，Continuously reduce the underdeveloped factors，The long process of increasing developed factors。Looking back on the formation of the formation of poverty alleviation system in China，The government plays a key role，Reform the original unreasonable interest pattern and resource allocation。The development of the market economy has led to poverty alleviation in the poor people with capital and labor capabilities。Poverty Alleviation of Social Organizations aims at specific needs of vulnerable poor groups，Energy to empower them。

During the future，The government should rely more on economic development，Relying on fair education、Implementation of policies such as medical and employment。For market entities，It should be improved by improving the legal system，Standardize the interest distribution of different subjects in the process of marketization，Strengthen the protection of the economic rights and interests of vulnerable groups。For Bet365 lotto review social organizations，Pay more attention to the value practice of specific fields and groups。Each poverty alleviation subject cooperates to enhance the development ability of the poor，Make them from ecology、Politics、Get better development opportunities in the constraints of the economy。This can promote the smooth transformation of poverty reduction strategies and working systems in the future。

　(Author Unit: School of Political and Public Management of Southwest University of Political Science and Law)