Gathering features of the city，Accelerated the speed of urban development power conversion and urban development demand upgrade，Released a large amount of demand for updating cities for modernization。July 2020，The General Office of the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Comprehensively Promoting the Reconstruction of Old and Towns"，Put forward the transformation of urban renewal and development and construction methods，Establishing the government and residents、A reasonable co -sharing mechanism for social forces。Before that，Many cities in China have incorporated the PPP model of government and social cooperation into urban governance，Make a series of effective explorations，It constitutes a new trend in urban governance in the process of modernization。

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Compared to European and American countries，The process of rapid urbanization allows domestic cities to enjoy a certain infrastructure and send advantage，Big cities including Beijing often have more brand new、More large -scale public transport、Health、Commercial and other modern urban facilities。At the same time，Also pay attention to，Many urban facilities built during the period of "unit system" have been "old -fashioned"，It is getting more and more difficult to meet the current urban development needs。Considering that the scale of urban construction has continued to expand since the 1970s and 1980s，Many cities in China will gradually release a large number of urban renewal needs。That's why，In a certain period of time，Urban update not only requires scientific and reasonable planning and construction from the bet365 live casino games material level，It is also necessary to comprehensively consider the functional transformation of urban social development from the perspective of modernization、Effective improvement and other internal requirements。

On the one hand，Functional transformation sets the city update goals in response to the needs of social development。Since the establishment of the People's Republic of China，China's city has gone through three stages of "industrial construction", "market economy transformation", "modernization of social governance"。City，Transformation to gather various resources and people's production、The main field of consumer activities。Under the setting of modernization of governance，Public space carrier of public space that realizes the beautiful life of the people。This means the city's update of socialism in the new era，Planning and design of social needs need to be carried out。In the process of urban renewal, it also needs to change government functions，Gathering all parties to achieve effective action，Build a community of governance，Matching the various social resources mobilized by the mobilized mobilized and matched the city development agenda。

On the other hand，Modernization of social governance provides multiple interaction ideas for urban renewal。Social strategic goal setting of social governance，Inner locations require government departments to deal with the relationship with society and the market，Require the government to play coordinator、The role of the responsible person，To mobilize markets and social resources，Forms a new pattern of social governance shared by co -construction and co -governance。

　China Practice: Local Plan for PPP Mode Innovation Application

Many big cities represented by Beijing，Use social governance thinking in urban renewal。If it is renovated in the old community、Bet365 app download Social Pension、Street Update、Street Update、Urban public space "landmark" creation and other fields conducted PPP mode exploration。This exploration actively responds to the needs of the urgent development needs faced by the current urban renewal，accumulated useful practical experience。

First, the dual function of effectively exerting the PPP model "financing+governance"。PPP mode is both a financing tool，It is a governance tool。Application PPP mode first needs to clear the government's role positioning，That is the government relative to the market、What kind of character played by the social subject。This directly determines that the government uses a traditional management mode with a large package，Still adopting a governance mode that interacts with other subjects。PPP mode interest sharing、Risk sharing and other concepts，It is in line with the people -centered development idea。Transform the PPP mode into a supply mechanism for public items with Chinese characteristics，Not only does it improve the ability to serve the people，In the form of contract cooperation with clear power and responsibilities in the public and private sector，Urban update mode supported by reasonable cost expenditures，Taking into account both fairness and efficiency。

The second is to expand and innovate the PPP mode application mechanism in the field of social governance。Compared to the application of PPP mode to the construction of "hardware" facilities，Some cities in China further expand it to the field of social governance，The mechanism channel of social subjects participating in the setting of urban development agenda，Mobilized the enthusiasm of social subjects to participate in the agenda execution。From this，It is also the "Fifth Modernization" with a governance system and governance capabilities as the core of the urban bet365 best casino games dimension，I made innovative、Enlightenment specific exploration。

Third is to fully implement the concept of social governance structure that co -construction and co -governance sharing。Compared to municipal engineering PPP projects，PPP mode in the field of social governance occurs in the daily life scene of urban residents，Need to respond to the needs of residents，and accept the supervision of residents。In the existing Chinese case，You can see，Many cities organically combine the PPP model of previous economic projects with the grass -roots negotiation democratic system，With the help of the grass -roots governance mechanism led by party building，Identification and responding to public opinion，Give full play to the institutional advantage of socialism with Chinese characteristics。

Fourth, systematically takes into account the local conditions and reform and innovation of the PPP model。Application of PPP mode in the field of social governance，Need to deal with the relationship between adaptability and innovation。From the perspective of international experience，The situation faced by many countries in the field of social governance is severe and complex，Public service demand continues to expand，Service supply main body is relatively single，The supply and demand structure does not match，Social governance funding mechanism needs to be improved。Many countries only rely on administrative intervention、Enterprise investment and other methods，Falling into the dilemma of "government failure" and "market failure"。Many cities in China not only fully absorb the concepts and functions of the PPP mode，Also conducted a lot of fine investigations in specific operations、Design，To enhance the adaptation of the PPP mode，Including relying on interest sharing、Partnership with risk sharing，Introduction to social capital，Reduce government input cost，bet365 Play online games Relieve the budget pressure of the public sector。At the same time, some cities also adapt to local conditions to carry out their own characteristics、A rich practice of independent each other，So it provides a wide range of practical experience for reference。

　　Persist in the development direction of innovation

Application of PPP mode in the field of social governance，Exploring the basic propositions for providing public items to the maximum of human society。Localization of China，It is an important attempt to pursue the modernization of urban governance in the new era，It also provides useful inspiration for the international community, which is generally facing the problem of public goods supply。It is true，In practice，Due to the motivation of the main behavior、Interest orientation、Differences of the management service mechanism，PPP mode specific landing and actual performance，Still facing many challenges of reality。This also constitutes China's further improvement of the existing mode，Persist in the direction of hard work and innovation。

First，Standardized guidance for strengthening the application of PPP mode。PPP mode application in the field of social governance，Has high requirements for professionalism，Not only the government subject is familiar with social governance，Master the PPP operation specification，You need to understand the market environment。So，It is necessary to further refine the operating guidance of the PPP project in the field of social governance，Introduce relevant normative documents，Further improve the corresponding normalization decision mechanism of the PPP project、Coordination mechanism、evaluation mechanism and supervision mechanism，Strengthen professional talent training。

Next，Pay attention to the improvement function of the performance of the PPP mode。PPP's exploration in the field of social governance needs to face the needs of the masses，Further strengthening bet365 Play online games government functions conversion，Enhance the response of project construction、Responsible and efficient。For this，You need to pay attention to the PPP mode to improve the efficiency of urban governance、Operation level，The role of improving the governance method，Continuous expansion of the supply scale of public services，Continuously improve service supply efficiency，The situation of forming a combination of software and hardware transformation。

again，Carefully demonstrate the specific mode of selecting the PPP project。PPP mode has a wide range of content，Including construction、Operation、Transfer (bot)，Various operation methods such as folk active financing (PFI)，Many mutant types will be assigned in practice。With the continuous advancement of social governance，The flexible operating mechanism flexibly according to specific needs and external conditions becomes a vital aspect。Current，Many domestic cities are already in the cooperation mode、paid mechanism、Acceptance management and other aspects made substantial exploration，You need to further summarize such experiences，Form more sound operation guidance file。

Last，Improve the risk prevention and control and resolution mechanism of pilot test。PPP projects in the field of social governance are many innovative pilot nature，The standardization of the operation process often lacks a sound system，It is difficult to achieve chapters everywhere to follow。So，In addition to the standardization of the implementation of PPP projects in the field of social governance,，It is necessary to enhance the compliance of the project under the framework of the rule of law，and set a reasonable pilot test mechanism，Help party and government cadres to resolve the risk of performance，Stimulate the vitality and energy of the cadre team to promote social governance innovation。This is also a realistic bet365 Play online games issue that the application and promotion of PPP model and promotion in the field of social governance。

(Author Unit: Beijing University of Foreign Languages; Policy Research Center of the Ministry of Civil Affairs)