、Macro-level issues such as music classification of Fengya Song，Or stay in the ritual and music system、Research on the music official system and other aspects。But obviously the study of singing in The Book of Songs should highlight the research subject of "singing"，In addition to discussing the ritual attributes of singing in the Book of Songs、Singing method、Except for specific issues such as the subject of singing，Using “singing” as the starting point to examine odes、Ya、The bet365 score and music mechanism and its historical evolution reflected in the resurgence of the style of bet365 score are also particularly important，It is also necessary to make new determinations on its methods and dimensions。

The "bet365 score" text on which the "Singing" Research Institute is based。Traditional study of "The Book of Songs"，In general, there are two types of interpretations of "bet365 score": classics and literature，Although they have their own theoretical assumptions and interests，But they all regard "The Book of Songs" as a high degree of perfection、Complete、Solid Text。"bet365 score" contains the poet's painstaking efforts、Exquisite rhetoric and profound meaning，This has also become the main task of classics and literature in interpreting "bet365 score"。The formation of these two ways of interpreting "bet365 score"，Limited by the fact that the "Book of Songs" they faced was circulated in a single way、The reality of canonical texts，In particular, the "Poems" of the three schools have been lost，Researchers lack horizontal and vertical references to other "bet365 score" texts，We can only discuss its classic meaning or literary nature based on the text of "Mao Shi"。But actually，The newly released Fuyang Han Bamboo Slips "bet365 score"、Shangbo Slip "Confucius' bet365 score"、Tsinghua bamboo slips and "bet365 score" literature、An Dajian's "bet365 score"、"bet365 score" from Haihunhou's Tomb, etc.，All indicate that there are significant differences in the text of the early "bet365 score"。That’s why，An interpretation of classics based on the classicity of "Mao Shi"，Literary research that may confirm the singing nature of the text，Obviously they are unable to get close to the true appearance of "bet365 score" in the "Leyong" era。Considering the differences and diversity of early "bet365 score" texts，The study of singing in "The Book of Songs" should use the text of "Mao Shi" more prudently。Especially in the context of music use，Generation of bet365 score text、Singing and spreading are still in a state of flux，The study of “singing” is not so much about canonization、The Book of Songs after the de-musicization as the basis for research，Rather, it focuses on the creation and enjoyment of songs and poems in the "pre-Book of Songs" era，More dynamic on this basis、A collection of historical understanding of the Book of Songs、The process of dissemination and canonization。Then，What are the characteristics of the text of "bet365 score" in the "Le Yong" era？What implications does it have for us to determine the starting point and goals of singing research in The Book of Songs？

From the perspective of "singing"，bet365 score is the interaction between "writing" and "oral"、Text on the dialectical unity of stability and fluidity。Compared to the "Yi", "Book", "Spring and Autumn" and other documents or later generations of literati bet365 score collections for the purpose of reading，"bet365 score" is being created、Singing performance、There are more "oral" factors involved in the spread，Even after creation，Every singing is not completely scripted、Unchanging。Musicians must be based on the situation of the singing performance，Make changes based on the paradigm determined by the existing song and bet365 score text、Adjustment。Properly handle the existing song and poem texts and live performances，It is the basic quality of an excellent musician。But there are also scholars who believe too much in the "oral" attribute，Think that "bet365 score" mainly relies on oral singing、Memory and word of mouth，The writing and collection of the text of "bet365 score" was not completed until the Han Dynasty。actually，“Spoken” and “written” are not diametrically opposed to each other、Exclusive relationship。Written bet365 score，When used for music, it can reflect the characteristics of oral singing，At the same time，Oral singing performance also develops within certain text specifications and expression programs。One-sided emphasis on the “verbal” attribute，Negative of the participation and function of “writing” in singing and bet365 score activities，Or do not consider the degree of involvement of "oral" factors in different bet365 score styles，Not consistent with the historical facts of Zhou Dynasty bet365 score。

"bet365 score" has different inheritance among the music officials and Zhou aristocrats，The two have different emphasis on "writing" and "oral" in "bet365 score"，Fundamentally reflected in the extent to which the "singing" nature of "bet365 score" is removed。"bet365 score" passed down by nobles，Pay more attention to diction and moral connotation。And the "Legend of Music" and "bet365 score" passed down by Yueguan，It serves more specific practical applications，In addition to bet365 score，There are also some auxiliary singing contents，such as music terminology、Character prompts、Music scores, etc.。The teaching and interpretation of "bet365 score" after the Spring and Autumn Period mainly developed along the "bet365 score" passed down by the aristocrats，However, most of the music information in the "Leben" and "bet365 score" has been omitted。It can be said，The weakening of the "verbal" attribute is accompanied by the loss of useful information，It is not so much that the "Book of Songs" is intertwined with the contradiction between "oral" and "writing"，Rather, it is the result of "Leben" songs and poems being "de-musicized" or "textualized"。

Therefore，Back to the context of “singing”，Investigating the creation of songs and poems from their roots、The collection of Le Yong and "bet365 score"、Problems such as spreading etc.，Whether it is the study of singing in "bet365 score"，Still a classic study，They are all meaningful。At the same time，The current debate about the "oral" and "written" aspects of "bet365 score"，We can also find the possibility of mutual dialogue at the key point of "singing" getting。

Research on the creation and music-making mechanism of songs and poems。The Zhou Dynasty has formed an effective bet365 score and music mechanism，And with the evolution of political etiquette in the Zhou Dynasty and the evolution of bet365 score and music，This mechanism can also continue to innovate、Adjust to adapt，This ensures that the bet365 score of the Zhou Dynasty will continue for more than 500 years。It can be said，The mechanism of bet365 score and music in the Zhou Dynasty is the key to the study of singing in the Book of Songs，Can play the role of outline and outline。We can pass "action subject"、Research on the relationship between bet365 score, music and "ritual" is carried out with two clues。

Taking “action subject” as a clue，Investigating the development and evolution of bet365 score and music in the Zhou Dynasty。What needs to be noted is，Whether it is a singer or performer of bet365 score and music、The creator of bet365 score，He is also the giver and recipient of "bet365 score education" and "music education"，Or even just an appreciator of bet365 score and music，They all participated in the creation of "bet365 score" in a certain way、乐用、Compilation、Every link of interpretation and dissemination。There are professional music officials among them，There are also kings of Zhou、Gong Qing Dafu、国子，Even the lower classes。Of course，The participation of each "actor" is uneven、Changing。For example, early Yasong was mostly used for sacrifices、Major ceremonies such as court ceremonies，The speech is upright，Ti Yan Yu Ao，Princes and ministers participated in its creation and singing。And when Yan drinks and sings，Music officials become the main body of bet365 score and music creation and singing。This reflects the professional trend of ceremonies and officials in the Zhou Dynasty，It is also a natural change after the prosperity of ritual singing in the Zhou Dynasty。Since then，Music officials have become the main promoters of the evolution of bet365 score and music styles and techniques，Rufushu rap、The rise of Bixing and Chongzhang，Musicians and officials all played an important turning role。

Differentiation according to functions，“Action subjects” can also be divided into singers、Two identities of poets。In short，The two identities of singer and poet，Experienced the evolution from integration to division。Involving important court documents in the early Zhou Dynasty、Sacrificial Psalms，Many overlaps with "rituals"，It has important political and religious significance，It should be from the hands of the prince，And sing it himself。In Yan Yin Poems，Musicians also have certain creative freedom，The introduction of Bixing and Chongzhang is one of the manifestations。Enjoying the above poem，Poets and singers have the same identity，Provides great convenience for the development of ritual singing。Elegance and bet365 score，First, "those who are on the list offer poems" and "the king official collects poems"，Leave it to the music officer to write the text、Musical "music" processing，Sing at the end in the appropriate ceremony。Among them，The creation and enjoyment of bet365 score、Poets and singers have become divided，A poem involves the participation of multiple actors from creation to singing，Especially the music officials who come in and out of the text、Identity between poet and singer，Makes the poem present complex personal perspective and singing switching，This brings certain challenges to the interpretation and understanding of the text。Therefore，Carefully examine the identity boundaries between poets and singers、Conversion mechanism for text generation and singing，It seems very meaningful。

Taking the clutch relationship between bet365 score, music and “ritual” as a clue，Examining the ability to preserve the roots and develop new ideas of the bet365 score and music mechanism of the Zhou Dynasty。“Ritual” is not just a place for singing，Content of the poem、Form、Themes, etc. are also governed by it，This is particularly prominent in Yasong Zhengsheng。Of course，The relationship between bet365 score and “ritual” has also changed，Especially "bianya" is not intended to be used for ritual singing，Having gradually become alienated from “ritual”，But it ultimately still relies on the overall atmosphere of the "ritual" and the convenience provided by the program，Achieving the effect of “exhortation” in “singing”。This explains，The spiritual tradition of ritual and music civilization laid by Yasong Zhengsheng，still plays a role that cannot be underestimated，Integrate these sounds of chaos into "ritual" singing。The same is true for "Feng Shi"，It was not originally related to "ritual"，But once you are "enjoyed by bet365 score"，Being orchestrated，It is no longer an original folk song，But it is part of ritual music and singing，Everywhere is regulated by "rituals"。These all show that the bet365 score and music mechanism of the Zhou Dynasty has great adaptability between self-shaping tradition and innovation and change。Precisely because it can adapt to changes in political etiquette，Remain relaxed and moderate with "ritual"、Inseparable relationship，Self-sufficient、Autonomy、Automatic adjustment ability，The prosperity of bet365 score in the Zhou Dynasty。

Pass the above definition，The study of singing in "The Book of Songs" will focus more on examining the creation and singing of songs in the "ongoing tense"。At the same time，Start from the two major clues of “action subject” and “ritual”，It can also better analyze the implementation of the bet365 score and music mechanism，Touch into the fundamental motivations for the evolution of bet365 score styles and the evolution of bet365 score and music mechanisms。These studies will be horizontal and vertical、Macroscopic and specific、Text and system、Civilization spirit and other dimensions，Displaying a broad picture of ritual and music singing in the Zhou Dynasty。

　(The author is the person in charge of the National Social Science Fund Youth Project "Research on Singing in the Book of Songs"、Associate professor at the Chinese bet365 score Research Center of Capital Normal University)