International Political Economics was born in the 1970s，As an important branch of international relations research，In the development and deepening process of more than half a century，International political economics not only responds to the major changes in the emergence of international relations，And promoted theoretical innovation of international relations research。

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The 1930s，A major theoretical argument in the study of international relations，The two sides of the argument are the rise of the rise of classical realism and traditional idealism。But，In the late 1960s and early 1970s，Classical realism theory is challenged by a series of events in the reality of international relations，These incidents have challenged the post -war world economy led by the US hegemony and the corresponding international system。Corresponding international relations research has also begun to pay attention to the role of economic factors in international relations，International political economy can rise。Around the "recession of hegemony" and world political and economic change，Whether it is a realist，Still liberal，Or Marxist，In the 1970s and 1980s, he joined the research on whether the US hegemony decline and the world economic change。Research on these major Bet365 lotto review issues，Not only did it give birth to international political economics，Greed the vision of international relations research，and promoted the construction of international relations theory。

　　"Open Economic and Political Science" and deepen rationalism

Enter the 1990s，With the end of the Cold War，Although the argument of rationalism and constructivism in the international relations community，But in the context of economic globalization and world economic stability，Researchers will turn research to domestic politics，They are related to the correlation between "interests and systems" and "domestic and international"，Through strengthening rational analysis tools，Further deepen the relationship between politics and economy in the study of international relations，The American academic community even proposed the analysis framework of "Open Economic and Political Science" (OEP)，Efforts to make international political economy "scientific"。The deepening of rationalism is mainly reflected in the four directional research issues。

First，Domestic political and national interest preferences。Different from the assumptions of the "single" state in the national centralism in the 1970s and 1980s，Since the 1990s, the expansion of self -trade has expanded globally and the acceleration of international capital flow，The two directional changes in the research related to the state: First, the country understands the country as a gathering of domestic behavior (individual、Industry or interest group) The institutional Bet365 lotto review framework of interest preferences; the second is to discuss whether economic globalization changes and how to change the interest preferences of a country and institutional adjustment。

Second，Equality in economic development。The 1970s and 1980s，The theory of attachment theory and the world system theory will mainly attribute the inequality of economic development to the world economic structure of capitalism (core and edge、North and South)，and think that "non -equivalent exchange" is the main reason for economic development inequality。After entering the 1990s，With globalization and the former "marginal areas" become "emerging industrialization areas" and "emerging economy"，Effects two more fundamental problems: First, does globalization lead to changes in the capitalist world economic structure itself? The second is what impact does democratization and domestic political reform have on economic development?

third，Regionalist comparison。The "regionalist" research in the 1960s and 1970s focuses on the role of regional organizations in promoting regional related countries and regional peace.。Different from this，After the 1990s，With the deepening of the European integration process and the acceleration of the Asian regional process，Especially the expansion of ASEAN member states and a series of regional mechanisms based on the "ASEAN method"，Research on regionalism is mainly focused on the following three issues: First, why is the country competing on the regional level? The status and role of the transnational Bet365 app download flow of non -state elements in the process of regional cooperation?，Is the regionalist script or a stumbling block?

Fourth，International system and international negotiations。In the 1970s and 1980s，International Political Economics also studies international system，But the question that the researchers care about are，If the US hegemony declines，Is international cooperation still possible。After entering the 1990s，With the introduction of game theory as an analysis tool，The design of the international system becomes the primary topic。There are two main problems associated with this: one is in international negotiations，How to meet the goals of member states through international system design。Another category is the allocation of international cooperation，How the international system affects the process of bargaining the bargain and results of the benefit of cooperation。

　　New trends in the study of global political and economic changes and international relations

In reflective global political and economic reforms caused by the 2008 global financial crisis，Some new development trends have emerged in the study of international relations。These trends are about the setting of international relations research issues，It also touches the selection of theoretical paradigms and research methods，It also involves the construction of an academic community。

First，Call for the return of macro -macro issues on research issues。The importance of regaining cognitive analysis，Emphasis on concepts、The role of culture and knowledge in interest cognition Bet365 lotto review and institutional construction。This is mainly reflected in the academic controversy within the American school，Especially the criticism of "problem -oriented" emphasized by "open economic and political science"。This trend is reflected in both the older generation of scholars such as Robert Kiohan、Peter Kazustein and others in criticism of "open economic and political science"，It is also reflected in the specific research agenda engaged in the new generation of scholars。This emphasis on concepts and culture，In fact, it is the complementarity of emphasis on rationalism and constructivism again。

Second，Trees in the theoretical paradigm。The importance of recuperating value judgment，Emphasize the purpose of theory，This trend is reflected in the criticism and reflection of "open economic and political science" in the American academic community，It is also reflected in the revival of British school and critical theory。"Open Economic and Political Science" assumes that political structure and economic and social structure are neutral，Therefore, it advocates seeking causality and confirming or falsifying from experience。Assumptions from "Open Economic and Political Science"，Both the theory of critical and the British school emphasize the importance of value judgment。So，The theory is not to simply understand the world's cooperation and conflict，Instead, it is necessary to reveal those who claim to be objective analysis and judgment.。

third，Emphasize diversifiedism in research methods。Re -evaluate the role of historical analysis and Bet365 lotto review institutional analysis，Emphasize standardized analysis and empirical analysis，This trend is reflected in the study of the new generation scholar who inherit the analysis of Marxist analysis and insists on critical theory，It is also reflected in the study of the new generation of "British School"。Critical theory opposes the personalism -based rational behavior model，Promote specific analysis and construction of a single event according to different philosophical premises and assumptions。The British school emphasizes the path through institutional analysis and historical analysis，Study on systemic changes or social development。

In short，Around the decline of US hegemony and the change of global political economy，A new round of theoretical theoretical combat appeared in international relations。It is in this context，Folding China、Intermediate routes and even practicalism came into being，Scholars are getting more and more realized，International Political Economics as a knowledge community，It is not an American style，Not British -style，but global，The research of international relations has entered a new process of diversified development。Only communicate with each other、Learn，In order to truly promote the innovation of international political economy and theory of international relations。

　　(The author is a professor at the School of International Relations at Peking University)