International relations are often considered a fighting field for power and interests，Full of various struggles，There seems to be no friends or friendship to say。But the interesting thing is，In the history and reality of Chinese and Western international relations，There are many words and practices about friendship between national friendship or friends。For example，There are various friendly treaties in the history of international relations、Friendly Agreement，Chinese diplomacy often uses words such as "good friends", "good partner", "good relationship" to describe bilateral relations between China and other countries。Many international relations scholars often use the statement of friends or friendship to describe the good relationship between the country。It can be said，Friends or friendship has become a more concept or term in the practice of international relations。Especially worth mentioning is，Chinese Confucianism and diplomatic practice attach great importance to the construction and expansion of their own "circle of friends"，It surpasses its alliance with traditional international political theory，It is making important contributions to the construction of friendship theory in international relations。

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For a long time，Friends or friendship have not been taken seriously in the study of international relations。For example，From the perspective of the traditional realist international relations theory，There is an unpredictable bet365 live casino games security dilemma in the international system of anarchy，A strong hostile or competitive relationship between the country，It is impossible to have friendship。Even if there are so -called allies，It is just a measure to deal with the right to deal with common enemies，Therefore, it is still just discussing friends in the narrow sense of the opposite side of the enemy。Liberalism believes that the relationship between the country does not necessarily constitute a conflict or competition，Cooperation is also an important aspect of international relations，If the enemy usually means war and conflict，Then friendship means peace and cooperation，Liberalism, therefore focus on research on peace and cooperation，But I ignored the inspection of the friendship itself。In fact，Peace and cooperation is just the result of the result of friendship or the favorable condition of the birth of friendship。Constructivism attaches the most importance to friendship，For example，Constructist integrated person、American scholar Alexander Wendt regards friendship as a system culture or collective identity，I believe that as the international community has evolved from Hobbes culture to Locke culture and then to Kant culture，The country will be regarded as friends。But at the same time，Due to the transformation of system culture, it is very difficult，Friendship between the country is very scarce，Winter narrowly believes，At present, only this kind of collective identity may be evolved in the North Atlantic region。

In recent years，Western international relations academia also began to notice friendship，and this steering with the current research in Western international relations、Emotional Treatment、The Bet365 app download trend of practical steering coincides。Current，Discussion on the friendship between the academic world can be summarized as the personal friendship of leaders、Partner said、Deep Peace Theory、Collective identity said，etc.。But in general，The discussion of the friendship between the western international relations in the international relations shows the characteristics of obvious interests and emotional two -point method，On the one hand, understand the friendship between the country from the perspective of interest or emotional connection，On the other hand, it is unclear what the so -called emotion means in international relations，often equivalent to culture、Value specification、Agreement、Ideology、Trust and other non -material factors。In short，At present, there is no accurate concept definition of friends or friendship in international relations，Lack of systematic theoretical explanation about friends or friendship itself。

　　The theoretical basis for developing the friendship between the country 

As the British scholar Hedley Bull said，The world today can be regarded as an international community composed of a country with equal sovereignty，and the country is like a person living in this society，Carry out a certain social practice。Due to the deepening of mutual dependence in the era of globalization，All countries live in a small "Earth Village"，More familiar with each other，It is inevitable that there are many intersections for real estate，The international community constitutes a kind of acquaintance society in a sense。This provides soil for the country's "human affairs" practice in the international community，It also means that there is a possibility Bet365 app download of developing "friendship" and becoming a friend。

But，As a non -personal abstract behavior，Do not have emotional ability in the body，I don’t really like each other like people。The so -called inter -national friendship is actually a kind of analogy derived from interpersonal relationships，The upcoming -specific national relationship or interactive method analog is an analogy to a friend's relationship or role，It seems that the country will get along and act like friends，A conscious expression or presents like friends，Playing the role of friends。This is a bit similar to the concept of "friendship" in interpersonal friendship -between friends，Whether or not it is true，The behavior of each other needs to be performed in line with "friendship"，Following the role of each other as a friend。Learn to character theory，Friendship between the country can be regarded as a process and result of a social role -playing，It may be driven by rational interests at first，But with each other through continuous mutual benefit, gradually formed a friend's social role，And with the help of both sides' conscious role -playing to keep and consolidate it。Reference friendship practice in interpersonal relationships，This role -playing between the country also includes two aspects: symbolic interaction and substantial mutual assistance。Two fusion of the two、Promote each other，Establish and develop a long -term stable bilateral relationship for both parties，Get long -term reciprocity。

In short，In international relations, there can be friends and friendship，Just as conflict and cooperation are the two major themes of international relations，Just as conflict and cooperation are the two major themes of international relations。Bet365 app download But friends in international relations cannot be equivalent to allies，but a bilateral relationship with specific emotional attributes。You can also "talk about feelings" in international relations，But this "emotion" does not have real emotional connotation as emotional in interpersonal relationships，It is mainly "expression" or "presentation" feelings，It is a stable and reciprocated bilateral relationship identity generated by role -playing。So，We should strengthen the study of friendship between the country，To deepen or enrich the understanding and understanding of international relations interaction。

　　The significance of Chinese diplomatic practice on the construction of friendship theory 

From the perspective of Chinese Confucianism，Friends are Wulun (that is, monarch、Father and son、Brother、couple、Friends) Important Yilun。Friend relationship is not based on any family blood and grade factors，Based on the principles of equality and freedom，Its relationship communication mainly relys on "faith" to restrict。other，Friends are righteous because of love，Helping and supporting each other is the right of friends。For this，Confucianism has very profound and unique insights。There are very rich friends and humanistic practice in Chinese humanity society，Chinese society and culture may also become an important resource for the innovation of related international relations。

From the perspective of practical practice，Chinese diplomacy has always attached great importance to making friends in the international community。Five principles of peaceful coexistence from the beginning of the founding of New China，Partnership diplomacy since the 1990s，Then the correct interest concept Bet365 app download of the diplomatic concept of the diplomatic concept since the new era，All reflect the importance of Chinese diplomacy to friends。General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed at the 2014 Central Foreign Affairs Working Conference，Do friends with friends under the premise of adhering to the principle of not alliance，Forms a partnership network that spreads all over the world。Diplomats of great powers with Chinese characteristics are consciously consolidating and expanding their "circle of friends"，Get rich results。Under the current international situation，China and the United States recognize the importance of fighting for more friends in the international community，They are all expanding their "circle of friends" in their own different ways。Just the "circle of friends" that China pursues the pursuit of equality、Realization of long -term stability and reciprocity of bilateral relations on the basis of independence，And the United States focuses on interests and values ​​or ideology alliances，Is the thinking of the group and the alliance。

For diplomacy with a country with Chinese characteristics，China's strategy to expand its "circle of friends"，Can't simply rely on interest exchange，Instead, we must adhere to the correct view of righteousness，Persist in both the interaction of foreign relations、Yili Balance，Adhere to the principle while talking about love，The bottom line of defending national interests。Only operates every pair of bilateral relations，Continuously consolidate and expand your "circle of friends"，can we better promote diplomacy with a country with Chinese characteristics，To better enhance China's international influence、Appeal、Shapellability，This helps to promote Bet365 app download the construction of a community of human destiny。

　　(The author is a lecturer at the School of Government Management of East China University of Political Science and Law)