The academic and practical value of the global bet365 sportsbook review development index
November 16, 2023 14:25 Source: "Chinese Social Sciences Journal" Issue 2774, November 16, 2023 Author: Chen Yinmo, Wang Zhe, Zhang Ming

The "Chairman's Statement of the Third "Belt and Road" International Cooperation Summit Forum" released on October 18, 2023 pointed out,To build and share digital resources、bet365 sportsbook review bursts with vitality、Digital governance is precise and efficient、Powerful digital security、Digital Silk Road of mutual benefit and win-win through digital cooperation。In the future,How to enhance the international competitiveness of my country’s bet365 sportsbook review and participate in the formulation of international digital rules have become the key to the development of my country’s bet365 sportsbook review。

The necessity and importance of constructing a global bet365 sportsbook review development index。bet365 sportsbook review is “an economy that mainly relies on digital technology to operate”。An effective measure of the development of the global bet365 sportsbook review is to analyze and compare the development levels of the bet365 sportsbook review in various countries,Nurturing digital competitive advantage,Create openness、Fair、Justice、Important premise and foundation of a non-discriminatory digital development environment。

Current,Measuring the development level of the global bet365 sportsbook review needs to solve two key issues: First,In indicator selection、Space-time sample range,Indicator construction faces the need to consider comprehensiveness、The difficulty of availability。Part 2,Objective assessment and comparison of the development level and characteristics of the bet365 sportsbook review in China and other emerging countries。

The Global bet365 sportsbook review Development Index (TIMG) is based on absorbing the advantages of existing bet365 sportsbook review indexes,Form a new indicator system for measuring the development level of the global bet365 sportsbook review。The characteristics of this index are: first, the index comprehensively measures the development level of the bet365 sportsbook review,Summarize the driving factors of a country’s digital economic development from the perspective of national resource endowment differences and institutional environment,Construct a basic analytical framework for evaluating the development of the bet365 sportsbook review。The second is that the index has a long time span、The characteristics of a wide range of countries,This is conducive to horizontal and vertical cross-national comparisons。Third, the index is different from the index selection method in the Western evaluation system,Instead, use more aggregate indicators that reflect economies of scale and network effects,As well as technical and institutional indicators more relevant to the bet365 sportsbook review,While complying with the characteristics of the bet365 sportsbook review,Can objectively highlight the competitive advantages and shortcomings of China and other emerging countries。

The connotation and principle of the global bet365 sportsbook review development index。In terms of indicator system,The indicator system of TIMG index consists of 4 first-level indicators、12 second-level indicators and 24 third-level indicators。Specifically,First-level indicators include digital technology、Digital Infrastructure、Digital market and four dimensions of digital governance。R&D output is set under the first-level indicator of digital technology、Human capital、Secondary indicators such as innovation level;Set inclusiveness under the first-level indicator of digital infrastructure、Secondary indicators such as convenience and security;Set up the demand side under the first-level indicator of the digital market、Supply side、International market and other secondary indicators;Establish digital government under the first-level indicator of digital governance、Economic and Social Environment、Secondary indicators such as political and legal environment。

In terms of sample selection,The measurement scope of the TIMG index covers 106 major global economies,The time span is 2013-2021。Considering that the original data has different connotations of different indicators、Measurement units vary、Problems such as non-comparability between indicators,TIMG index unifies the original data into the same dimension through the standardization method to solve this problem,That is, using dimensionless methods to process the original data。In terms of index weight,The equal weight method is used to determine the weight of indicators at all levels。

Rating results of the Global bet365 sportsbook review Development Index。Measuring the development level of the global bet365 sportsbook review based on the TIMG index,The following five important discoveries were obtained。

First,The global bet365 sportsbook review shows a continued development trend。After 2018,The catch-up trend of digital economic development in major countries is accelerating,TIMG index global median begins to exceed the average level。Digital markets and digital infrastructure are the main forces driving the rapid development of the bet365 sportsbook review,Digital technology and digital governance are relatively lagging behind。

Second,North America、East Asia、Western Europe is the three regions with the highest level of bet365 sportsbook review development,Southeast Asia、West Asia and other Asian regions and Central and Eastern Europe、The development of the bet365 sportsbook review in the CIS countries is at a medium level,Africa、The development of bet365 sportsbook review in Latin America is relatively backward。

 Third,Overall,2021,China has greater advantages in the bet365 sportsbook review market and bet365 sportsbook review infrastructure,ranked second and third in the world respectively。But,There is a certain gap in China’s bet365 sportsbook review technology and bet365 sportsbook review governance,ranked 15th and 41st in the world respectively。

 Fourth,The TIMG index of “Belt and Road” co-building countries (regions) began to exceed that of non-“Belt and Road” co-building countries (regions) after 2017。

 Fifth,The bet365 sportsbook review will become a new field of international cooperation and a competitive track in the future。Currently,EU、United States、Developed countries such as the UK are major participants and rule makers in international cooperation in the bet365 sportsbook review。Judging from TIMG index scores and international cooperation in the bet365 sportsbook review,The higher the development level of a country’s bet365 sportsbook review,The higher the country’s participation in international cooperation in the bet365 sportsbook review。However,There is still a mismatch between international cooperation in the bet365 sportsbook review and the development of the bet365 sportsbook review。Later-developing countries are improving their own bet365 sportsbook review development levels by participating in international cooperation in the bet365 sportsbook review。

The value and application of the global bet365 sportsbook review development index。In theory,TIMG index will provide a reference for relevant theoretical research on the global bet365 sportsbook review and the design of statistical indicator systems。current,Academia on the connotation of bet365 sportsbook review、Scope definition、Statistical caliber, etc.,No unified standard has been formed yet。Existing research measures the development level of the bet365 sportsbook review mainly through the construction of indexes,And focus more on the development of domestic bet365 sportsbook review。Currently,China still lacks an indicator system that takes into account time continuity and indicator comparability,To scientifically and comprehensively measure the development level of the global bet365 sportsbook review。TIMG index sorts out domestic and foreign research on the bet365 sportsbook review indicator system,Combined with the current reality of rapid development of bet365 sportsbook review,Built a system、Comprehensive、Global bet365 sportsbook review development index in long-term dimension,This is conducive to carrying out relevant theoretical research on the development of transnational bet365 sportsbook review。

In practice,TIMG index measures the development level of the bet365 sportsbook review covering 106 major global economies from 2013 to 2021。This aspect helps policymakers and financial practitioners better understand the development status of the global bet365 sportsbook review、Spatial characteristics and future trends;On the other hand, it is helpful to identify the international positioning of a country’s digital economic development、Key issues such as development bottlenecks。In the context of the development of the global bet365 sportsbook review and the gradual emergence of international cooperation,Fully grasp the international competitive advantages and disadvantages of the country’s bet365 sportsbook review development,Conducive to better international cooperation in the bet365 sportsbook review,Promote the healthy and sustainable development of the country’s bet365 sportsbook review。TIMG index combines the practical characteristics of China’s bet365 sportsbook review development and the general laws of the development and evolution of the global bet365 sportsbook review,Provide open-ended quantitative assessment of the development of the global bet365 sportsbook review、Dynamic public goods,Helps drive innovation、Objective global bet365 sportsbook review evaluation standards and system construction。

  (The author is a researcher at the National Finance and bet365 sportsbook review Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;Researcher at the National Finance and bet365 sportsbook review Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;Deputy Director of the National Finance and bet365 sportsbook review Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

Editor: Cui Bohan
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