Gan Xi Division (1916-2016)，China News Education、Journalist，China News Studies，Original name Gan Shafei，Sichuan neighboring people。Going to Yan'an in 1938，Study at the Anti -Japanese Military and Political University and Marxist -Lenne Academy。Join the Communist Party of China in the same year。Subsequent Political Teachers and Policy Researchers for the Eighth Route Army。Reporter of Sumeng Branch of Xinhua News Agency in 1945。1946 Participated in the founding of the Suimon Daily。In 1947, he was edited by Xinhua News Agency Jinsui General Branch。In 1949。In September 1954, I went to the Chinese Department of the Chinese Department of Peking University as an associate professor。1958，Putting into the Department of Journalism of Renmin University of China with the Chinese Department of Chinese Department of Peking University，Professor Ren、Dr. Journalism Mandrers、Member of the Degree Evaluation Committee、Director of the Institute of Public Opinion。

Gan Xi has been engaged in news education for many years，Mainly study Marxist journalism theory。Based on the "Basics of News" (1982)、"Thirty Years of Journalism" (1988) and other works。"Basics of News Theory" is the first publicly published publicity of socialist journalism after the founding of New China、role and other questions; "Thirty Years of News Theory" is the selection of journalism thesis since 1978。

Gan Xi divided into the vice president of the China News Education Society、Director of the Chinese News Society、Special Director of the National Reporter Association、Wu Yuzhang's bonus news review team convener, etc.。Gan Xi has been engaged in news education for many years，Outstanding Achievement Awards awarded by the China Media Conference、Beijing Zou Tao Fen Garden Award。May 2015，The Chinese Journalism History Society awarded him the Lifetime Achievement Award of the First "National Society of Journalism and Communication"; December，The Public Opinion Research Committee of the China News History Society awarded him the "Lifetime Achievement Award for Public Opinion Research"。

Calligraphy written by Gan Xi: "Knowledge does not aging thinking is not rigid and not rigid". Source: "Guangming Daily"

This year is a century -old party to build a party，There is also a 100 -year -old "journalist" in the journalistic academic community，He is Mr. Gan Ximing, Honorary First -level Professor of the School of Journalism of Renmin University of China。Heart to the revolution，22 -year -old goes to Yan'an，Join the Communist Party of China in the same year。The following year，He was ordered to go behind the enemy，He has served as a political instructor and policy researcher at the Political Department of the 120th Division and the Jinxi Party School。After the surrender of Japan，He is transferred to Xinhua News Agency reporter、Edit，Starting to engage in news work。1948，He listened to Mao Zedong on the spot to speak to the editor of the Jinsui Daily。During the War of Liberation，He experienced and recorded major events during the civil war。1954，He is transferred to work at Peking University，Transfer to Renmin University of China in 1958，Long -term engaging in journalism theory teaching and research，Become the first batch of master's tutors and doctoral supervisors in the journalism discipline。He published the first news theory of New China in 1982，Founded the first special academic institution in mainland China to engage in public opinion and public opinion survey -the Institute of Public Opinion of Renmin University of China，Edited the first large -scale news dictionary in China，Founded and edited by my country's authoritative journalism academic journal "Journalism Collection"。

Professor Gan Xidan is called "the founder of New China News Education", "founders of the theory of the Chinese Party News", "the founder of the Chinese Marxist Journalism Thoughts" and "the sponsor of Chinese public opinion Bet365 app download research. "Leader"。He has repeatedly emphasized，"Don't wear a variety of high hats for me，Exaggerate me too much "。He said，What I really like is the "pioneer" called Chinese Marxist journalism。He said，Yi Yangtian Year is not his philosophy of life，Life is endless、Battle is not just his life pursuit。He uses pen as a gun，Struggle Life，and Marxism is the belief that he fights for his life and firmly defends。

　　Bet365 lotto review Began to really understand Marxism

Gan Xi said in an interview in 2013: "，My first turning point was to boldly go from a remote small county in Sichuan to Yan'an。This step is very big，It also crosses it correct。Do not learn Marxism、Without participating in the Communist Party, there is no life in my life，The first step in my life is right。”

April 17, 1916，Gan Xi was born in a poor family in neighboring Shui County, Sichuan Province，Parents died when they were young，After graduating from junior high school, drop out of school，I became a primary school teacher in the village，At that time he was only 16 years old。His name is also changed by himself at that time，It is intended to cherish time。At that time，Most of his salary of himself as a primary school teacher to Shanghai Life Bookstore、Reading Publishing House and other progress publishing houses for postponed newspapers。It is from these books and newspapers，He came into contact with Marxism。But in the environment at that time，Reading Marxism is a "foul"，I can only read it secretly。On the eve of the full Anti -Japanese War，The wave of the national anti -Japanese rescue campaign rose。1935，Gan Xi participated in the first two · 9 campaign in Chengdu。early 1938，He met with friends Xiong Fu，Start on the revolutionary hot soil of Yan'an together，From then on, I started a true understanding of Marxism。

One to Yan'an，He first entered the Anti -Japanese Military and Political University to study。After half a year，Transfer to the Political Economics Laboratory of Marxism -Leninism Academy，Specializing in reading the classic works of Marxism -Leninism，Including the Declaration of the Communist Party, "Socialism from the Development of Science", "Anti -Dulin Theory", "Capital Theory", etc.。One year later，Due to revolutionary needs，He was sent to the Political Department of the 120th Division，Politician and policy researcher，Responsible for historical materialism。Those years，He followed the army to turn to the Quartet。1940，He settled in the Jinsui Military Region，His teacher of the local party school of the Communist Party of China、Researcher at the Policy Research Office of the Political Department of the Jinsui Military Region。1943，When he was ordered to go to the Saibei Military Region for inspection，Unexpectedly, the Japanese invaders were attacked and captured。After escaping，Due to organizational review，It was not restored to the party until 1983。From beginning to end, he regards party membership as life，His students and friends all say，They don’t know that Mr. Gan has no party campaign，Because he is a standard Communist member from words to walk。

In Jinsui Border District，He first at the Jinsui Daily，Later at the Xinhua News Agency Jinsui Branch "Slowly Learn to Be a Reporter"，Start his news career，ushered in the second turning point of life。This period，He read some of Marx and Engels' works and 20 volumes of "Complete Works of Lenin"，This laid the foundation for his teaching work after the founding of New China。He also participated in the founding work of "Suimeng Daily"，The head of the newspaper is his inscription。"Suimeng Daily" after the publication，He returned to the remote mountainous area。Under very difficult conditions，He and comrades insist on publishing an oil -printed tabloid "Today News"。At that time，They use the only headphones of the telegraph，Listen to the oral broadcast of northern Shaanxi Radio Station，To learn the latest war。Due to the small headset sound，Dirror of radio waves，In order not to leak as much as possible，"Sometimes the headset is close to the root of the ear，Press ears and pain "。Although "Today'bet365 live casino games s News" is just a tabloid that has been published for several months，But Gan Xi scores but believes that "no matter how hard the conditions are, it can't hide the spread of truth"。He regards this tabloid as "a microcosm of the entire party's journalism in the hard work"。

The hero of the hero of Liu Hulan, who moved several generations，This is the modification of Gan Gan's hand during this period、Compiled。He changed the title of the original manuscript to "As long as there is a breath，It is necessary to do it for the people! Female Communist Party Member Liu Hulan generous justice "，Make Liu Hulan's righteousness、The spirit of giving birth to righteousness is on the paper。After sending the manuscript to Xinhua News Agency，Many newspapers in the liberated area have been reprinted。He also personally experienced the anti -"Hakka Sky" movement of "Jinsui Daily"，and April 2, 1948，As a live recorder，Listen to Mao Zedong's speech on the editor of the Jinsui Daily。

Not long after the founding of New China，As a reporter from Xinhua News Agency, he followed the People's Liberation Army into Chongqing，The first visit to the Kuomintang's defeat before the defeat of the Kuomintang was held in the White Mansion、The revolutionaries of the scum hole are the scene of the bloody massacre，The first to report General Yang Hucheng was killed in the truth。After taking over the Kuomintang Central News Agency Chongqing Branch，Gan Xi's division and several other colleagues founded the Xinhua News Agency Southwest General Society，Director of Ren Cai Cai Cai。At that time，He often attended the party committee of the Southwest Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China，Listening to the teaching of Deng Xiaoping's older generation of proletarian revolutionary many times at the scene。After nearly 40 years，He in "Forget the Past，It means betrayal "，Summarizing the fine tradition of news work in the liberated area: "After speaking in one sentence，is the principle of party spirit of news work -all starts from the interests of the people，Observe everything with the Marxist worldview。"This is the result of his theoretical learning，Also the true knowledge obtained by his ten -year news practice。

　　News: Establishing Chinese Marxist journalism

"After 1954，The latter paragraph of my life history，is the dividing line and turning point of fate。"" This year，He left the front line of the news business，Entering news education positions。When he took an introduction letter to Peking University to report，There is also a small episode。He filled a "junior high school" in one of his personal resume education，but but，Fortunately, there is a study experience of "Yanan Malaysian Academy"，Only with this "golden signboard" can I be successfully admitted。

He just went to Peking University to engage in news teaching，An idea of ​​germination，"Guiding ideas with Marxism，Building China's own journalism "。The task assigned to him at that time was to teach Marxist news theory，This is a new topic for him。Because people were used to treating news work as the party's propaganda work at that time，Rarely talking about journalism is an independent science，Rarely studying the scientific law of news phenomena。At that time，The main teaching materials used in teaching are Soviet news textbooks translated from Russian，The first based on Gan Xi's score is "Outline of Journalism and Teaching of the Central Committee of the CPSC directly under the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China"。He browsed it carefully，Discover the whole book with a total of 6 chapters，The first 5 chapters are the history of Soviet news，The last chapter was transferred to "Theoretical and Practice of the Party and Soviet Newspapers"，and this chapter from Section 2 to 23 is the division of labor of the reporting department of the newspapers and periodicals，Only section 1 talks about basic theory，The title is "The Basic Principles of the Party and Soviet Newspapers"，The full text is less than 1500 words。For this，Gan Xi divide deeply，A series of question marks jumped out of his mind: Is there just a few such a few of the news theory of Marxism? Should the bet365 live casino games journalism follow the laws of journalism, shouldn't it be included in the outline?，Not yet，It must create China's journalism system based on China's many years of news practice。”

Gan Xi scores the course name as "Theoretical and Practice of News Work"。He is familiar with his classic writers on Marxist writers on news work.、The experience of decades of news work in the whole party and articles written by leaders，Based on his ten -year work experience in Xinhua News Agency，I developed my own teaching outline，Including the research object of journalism; the nature of the party newspaper、role and task; various forms of publicity and encouragement; basic principles of party newspapers; responsibilities and cultivation of journalists。The "Basic Principles of the Party News" is the most important chapter。In this chapter，He also emphasized the problem of party spirit principles，Termination of it as the most fundamental principle。He always thinks，Do you adhere to the principle of party spirit，The biggest difference between Chinese Marxist journalism and Western bourgeoisie news。Later，When talking about the principle of adhering to the news media during the period of social transformation，What he emphasized first is still the party's leadership，Adhere to the principle of party spirit。

Two news symposium held in 1957，Become another important node in his life。On "How to Look at the relationship between news and politics"，Gan Ximing believes that news and politics cannot be separated，Pressive connection with politics。He thinks，The question is what kind of politics it is，It is the political of the bourgeoisie，It is still Marxist politics ... The newspaper is always associated with a certain political position。

1960，His "self -invested network"，involved in a academic critical movement of the Journalism Department of Renmin University of China。At that time on two issues，He has a fierce debate with some scholars: one is the nature of newspapers，The other is whether there is a problem with the inheritance relationship between the proletarian newspapers and the bourgeois。The situation he described at the time was: "Meeting during the day，Picking the lamp at night to read，Ask for advice from Marxism -Leninism，Looking for weapons，Battle the next day。"" Last，This argument is surveyed by the Central Propaganda Department to send a working group to investigate，Re -opened news and academic seminar as the end。At the meeting，Gan Xi's division shows his own attitude on these two main issues，"News You Study"，It is his conclusion that he comes from this dispute。

After 1976，Gan Xi is no longer just a cold eye observation，Instead, start playing fighting。September 1979，He intends to cast a blockbuster bomb，intention to break the silent air in the Chinese press in China for more than 20 years，I wrote a papers of nearly 20,000 words "The Forbidden Area for Breaking the Newspaper Criticism"，A detailed research on the provisions of "Party News cannot criticize the party committee at the same level"，The restricted area for breaking the criticism of newspapers，is the only way for history。1981，He also wrote an article "On the" Left "of" Left "in my country's journalism"，Study and implement the "Decision on the Publicity Policies of the current Newspaper News Broadcasting Propaganda" issued by the Party Central Committee，Criticism is not paid to the phenomenon of increasing the poisoning of "left"，The various performances of the ideological tendency of "left" for many years。

These actions include thinking that Gan Xi has been thinking since the second half of the 1950s.，That is, the Chinese newspaper stands on the people's position to play the supervision function，Promoting society's progress。This is the starting point of his thought change，But his foothold has never changed。He said, "I am a unable to fall，I don’t have east to fall crooked，I insist on Marxism，Adhere to the worldview of communism、Outlook on Life、Method Theory。Knowing truth is gradually，There is a development process。I have such a bold amount，Because I believe in real Marxism。”

April to July 1980，64 -year -old Gan Xi watched bet365 live casino games sweat like rain，Day and night，Write "Basic News theory"。This is the "military order" he has set up to himself since the early 1960s - "Write a Chinese own Marxist news theoretical textbook。After 20 years，Finally completed this 200,000 -word work in 4 months。The book is divided into two articles，This is the theoretical summary of the journalism practice and academic career in the past 30 years，It is a theoretical framework formed from his personal experience。He takes news and public opinion as the two pillars of the journalism，Divided into two chapters to write，"News is facts，Public opinion is opinion，Facts and opinions are the basic pillars of any news，Lack of one is indispensable "; in the next article, discuss the relationship between journalism and society，Mainly the relationship between journalism and real life、The relationship between the news and the masses、The relationship between the news and the party，He uses it as the "three most fundamental relationships" of the journalist。

In this being recognized as "the monograph on the journalism of Marxism with Marxism"，The author has clearly stated his position。In the Impatient True "How to Study the Journalism" section，Gan Xi wrote: "We will strictly follow the position of Marxism、perspective and method to study、Analyze and explain the regularity of the social phenomenon of news，and criticize those anti -Marxist various journalism theories "; in Chapter 7，He pointed out，The reason why the relationship between the journalism and the party is specially put into the last research，It is a "summary in the three relationships、Key questions to look at "，It is clearly proposed that "the party’s journalism must have the most firm party spirit，It is ideological、politics、The organization must be consistent with the party，In this way, it can master the correct political direction in the complex situation of the changing changes every day，Guide the people in the direction guided by the party "。To adhere to the principle of party spirit，First of all, we must adhere to the party's ideological route，Gan Xi wrote: "Our journalist，It is necessary to make a scientific explanation and explanation of important events at home and abroad with Marxist positions and views every day。... We want to make Marxism and all non -Marxist ideas clearing the boundary，Keep the purity of Marxism。”

For this book，Gan Ximing pointed out: "If I say in 1960, I am in the tide of anti -rightist tide in the country's anti -rightist tide，The first cannon of Chinese Marxism was hit，So in 1980 I wrote "Basic News theory"，It is the second shot of Marxist journalism。""，"People's Daily" has reported: Gan Xi is used to use Marxism's position、Viewpoint and Method to study the first person of Chinese news。Gan Xi also said later, "This book is like a mother’s first child，Everything is your own，Only thought methods are " by Marxism。

200,000 copies after the book was published，Press theoretical textbooks of many news colleges in the country。1984 Chinese press began to evaluate title titles，The Central Propaganda Department designated this book as one of the test tutoring textbooks，Gan Xi is also invited to go to all parts of the country to make a counseling report，Get national academic reputation。

1984，The Degree Committee of the State Council first included the journalism in the discipline that can recruit doctoral students，Gan Xi divide、Fang Hanqi、Wang Zhong became the first three doctoral tutors in New China，In the previous 1978，Gan Xi has become one of the first batch of master's scholars in New China。During this period, he also participated in the creation of the China News Education Society，Founded and edited the "Collection of Journalism"，The purpose is "Stroping the theory of news without learning '"。

but，Gan Xi's news thoughts of this period are "liberating feet"，refers to the semi -liberation of thought。This period，He also completed an unpublished manuscript- "Outline of Journalism"，"News Third Ring theory" (information、News and Media News)、"News Triangle theory" (facts、Communication、audience)、"News True Theory", "News Control theory" and other richer content，"In some issues, there Bet365 app download are further players than" Basics of News theory "，Writing also changed greatly，Thought and language are also relatively concise "。But after writing it，Gan Ximing believes that it is "immature"，So I did not publish，But it has become the "one -sided mirror" of his own thoughts，"Take a look at the laws of seeking news，What a twists and turns for thought "。1988，Gan Xi's paper collection "Thirty Years of News Theory" Publishing，It included some news thesis he wrote from 1979 to early 1986。In the foreword he wrote in August 1987，As said, "My news thinks that this is a summary。A person’s thoughts are always developing with the development of the situation，The new ideas are starting。”

　Idea is constant:Always adhere to Marxist position

According to Gan Xi's self -reporting in his later years，The real leap of his thoughts "was after the establishment of the Public Opinion Research Institute of Renmin University in 1986，Through public opinion survey，Learn a lot of people's conditions，I also touched the pulse of the press，Ideas have changed greatly "。

The research of the Institute of Public Opinion at that time started in a state of nothing，"No full -time personnel，No office and data room，No electronic computer，No penny funds，All teachers who are interested in this use their spare time to perform activities "。The purpose he drafted for the institute is: using modern scientific methods and technical means，Carrying out public opinion surveys and research，There are three tasks: first，Timely and accurately take public opinion test，Communicate and transmit social public opinion，Analyze the current situation and change trend of public opinion，Provide reference for relevant government departments to understand public opinion and policy decisions，Provide consultation with social group enterprises and institutions。Second，Investigation of the effect of news communication，Provide empirical research and data for my country's public opinion institutions。third，On the basis of public opinion survey，Study the construction of public opinion with Chinese characteristics、Features and functions。

1988，Facing 200 "three highs" for Beijing (senior vocational、Gao Zhi、Old age) A survey of prediction of the situation of the year of the year- "Capital Famous People Dragon Program"，It is Mr. Gan Xi's "proud pen"。"People's Daily" specifically published a commentator article，Title "More Sunshine，a little more transparent，Survey of the Dragon of the Capital of the Institute of Public Opinion of Renmin University of China "。1988，The Institute of Public Opinion continued to launch the "Year of the Snake"。Doctoral students who participated in the survey that year，Now it has become an important scholar of Chinese public opinion research。2015，Gan Xi won the "Chinese Public Opinion Research Lifetime Achievement Award"。

In addition to the founding of the Institute of Public Opinion of Renmin University of China，This period，He also edited the "Dictionary of News Dictionary" of the Emperor's 1.8 million words，It is China's first detailed and comprehensive large -scale journalist dictionary，Open the "Period Incident" column，major events in ancient and modern Chinese and foreign journals are arranged in age，It is like a brief history of a journalist;，No commendation; a country with unusually developed journalism。

He also published a series of heavy papers，Show his ideological change。For example, "" Multi -Sound "theory -On the News Policy of the Party in the new period", "Communication: Conflict of Power and Rights", "New Situation Call for the Reform of the News System", "Be alert to the" Party Eight Stocks ","。Especially "multi -sound always" theory，It is considered by Gan Ximing to be the programming article of his journalism thought in the next ten years，In the general direction of socialism (one direction)，Give forward democracy，Development News Freedom，Newspaper published in many ways，Published different opinions in all aspects，Positioning newspapers with different personalities。

He summarizes the changes in his thoughts in this period，transferred from "official thinking" to "strict scientific thinking" Bet365 lotto review transfer，Later, he described his ideological development and experienced "exploration、Wandering、Sober "three periods，But there are "unchanged" in "change"，That is, his thoughts of thoughts are "under the guidance of Marxism as the general ideological guidance"，He always emphasizes "Marxism of Marxism on many occasions、Method Theory、Value、The outlook on life is correct，It is the most scientific world philosophy so far "。His most proud thing is "From the age of 20 to the track of Marxism，So far，I have no way to recognize the wrong way，I told the masses the right thing "。"I have taught in college in 55 years，No vertical and horizontal，No hands will not be up and down，Only can drill books，But I'm not a nerd who reads a dead book，I am a rigorous reading、Marxist 'Bookmaker' for Innovation。”

Mr. Gan Ximing has a good calligraphy，The most content he wrote is "Photo，Tell the truth，Tell the truth;，Persons' opinion，Humin Sheng ";" Truth occupies me，instead of my possession of the truth ";" worship the people as a division，and then the teacher in the people ";" State -owned state grid，People have personality，Newspaper with a newspaper ";" Based on China Turkey，Ask Marx "。These contents are also his message to the young generation of students，The Marxist Proverbs that he insisted and practiced in his life。

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in a speech at the Symposium on Philosophy and Social Sciences，Adhere to Marxism as a guidance，It is the fundamental symbol of contemporary Chinese philosophy and social sciences from other philosophy and social sciences，It must be insisted with clear flags。and clearly listed journalism as one of the 11 subjects that are supported by philosophy and social sciences at this meeting。He pointed out at the party's news and public opinion work symposium，The first place in the work of news is to adhere to the correct political direction，Consciously achieve "four firm persistence"，Establish a people -centered work orientation。

Looking back on Gan Xi's century -old life，Always believe in Marxism，It is his constant background;、Heart people，He fights on the hot soil of the news、Practice、The fundamental foothold and starting point of creation。He said in an interview with the China Social Sciences in 2014，He can grow from a junior high school to a university professor，First of all, thank the party，There is no everything without a party。For some people call him "Thai Dou in China" and "The founder of Chinese Marxist Journalism", etc.，He said, "These are not important，I just always loyal to Marxism，Stand firmly on Marxist positions to write news、Teaching News、Research News。

　(this article is the major bidding project of the National Social Science Foundation "70 -year News and Communication History 1949-2019" (19ZDA320) phase results)

(The author is a researcher at Renmin University of China Journalism and Social Development Research Center、Secretary -General of the Chinese Society of News History; PhD in the School of Journalism of Renmin University of China)