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Calculation Social Sciences (Computational Social Science，CSS) 15 American scholars, including Professor David Lazer in February 2009, jointly published in Science magazine in February 2009 and officially proposed this academic concept as a sign for the first time，I have gone through more than ten years。Although the journey is short，But its development is rapid，A wide and far -reaching impact on human and social science theories and applications，It has aroused high attention and deep thinking in the academic community。

　　Rise Movement

It is generally considered，CSS refers，It is based on a large amount of data、Using computer computing method，Emerging disciplines that simulate and analyze the phenomenon of society (complex) by establishing a model。Understand and define this，CSS's branches mainly include: computing sociology、Calculate politics、Computing economics、Computing communication and computing (operational) management, etc.; related disciplines involved and gradual expansion are: history、Linguistics、Education、Military Studies、Literature、Nationalology、religious teaching、Ethics and anthropology and cognitive psychology。Its core content is the automation processing of various information about the development of human society，Focus on behavior analysis、Media analysis、Network analysis and analysis of typical facts of real society，With the help of code、Algorithm、program、Modeling、Simulation and other digital means，More deeply observing and discussing the characteristics of individual behavior and social operation laws and interaction between the two。

From the perspective of computer application，In the process of human civilization and social development，The philosophical concepts and methods of exploring nature and self -awareness are also evolving。From early natural philosophy to Mathematics exploration，Gradually evolved to today's numerical computing and simulation simulation computing science。Enter the 21st century，The rise bet365 Play online games of a new round of scientific and technological revolution represented by big data and artificial intelligence，Pulling open the prelude to the fourth -generation science- (large) data set scientific development。

As the starting end of a science or discipline，CSS can actually be traced back to the economic behavior of von von neumann in the middle of the 20th century、Herbert A. Simon's artificial science。The thoughts and practices that can be calculated in human and social sciences are long -distance，Even before the computing research and application in natural science and engineering technology。Representatives of the CSS Disciplines, such as Professor David Lazawa of Northeast University and Professor Claudio Cioffi-Revilla, Claudio Cioffi-Revilla of George Mason University，Most of the professional backgrounds of computer science and the exploration experience that applies it in humanities and social sciences。

CSS rise and develop in today's era，The following causes have the following points。First, the process of human civilization and social development are becoming increasingly complicated，The expression and inducement of uncertainty are even more wrong and secret，People's desire for exploring deeper social development mysteries is getting urgent，The demand for efficient methods and means continues to increase。The second is the data accumulation、Computer and information network technology、strong support for HCP computing power，provides possible for the development and growth of CSS。Third, due to the inherent regulatory of the development logic of humanities and social sciences，Feeling experience of traditional means、Books to find traces、association comparison、association comparison、Books to find traces、Literature retrieval、association comparison、Theoretical Proposition，Data processing to modern analysis methods、Measurement Emberity、Measurement Emberity、Simulation simulation、Calculating experiment, etc.，Not enough to reveal the complex essence of society。We can feel and foresee more and more clearly，The inevitability of high -tech integration such as social science and computing science in the future，and the huge development momentum and beautiful prospects contained in them。Due to the combination of bet365 live casino games the effects of these aspects，CSS firmly seize the advantage of favorable opportunities to live in the trend，String into the prosperous period of boom。

　Innovation characteristics

From the perspective of the overall development status，Although the calculation of social science is still in a relatively basic stage，But it has revealed strong vitality and broad application prospects。For example，Harvard University in the United States、MIT、Stanford University、University of Chicago、Carnegie Mellon University、Microsoft R & D Center，Oxford University in the UK、Cambridge University、Imperial University of Technology，Switzerland's Zurich Federal Institute of Technology and other universities and R & D institutions，All set up special CSS centers or academic entities，Not only the curriculum system and training base for training training related to training training (including doctoral students)，It also carried out theory and practice、Natural Science Engineering Technology and Humanities and Social Sciences、Application of academic research and industrial application and government consultation。At the same time，There are also a number of views in China、Scholars with keen academic vision have entered the field of CSS research。Zhejiang University、Tsinghua University、Zhejiang University、Fudan University、Renmin University of China and other universities have set up special institutions、Establish an inter -school alliance，Actively change thinking concepts、Cognitive perspective and research method，cross -disciplinary cross、Introduction of experimental methods in humanities and social sciences has triggered the construction of new literature and sciences，Da You stands standing around、The potential of seizing the high point。

CSS is not only an introduction to the introduction of pure technical means，The essence is calculated science、Data science represents the mutual penetration and integration innovation of high -tech and humanities and social sciences，Rebuilding and integration of the regression of the existing branch discipline，Creative behavior Social science、Network Social Science、Digital Social Sciences, etc. all show a distinctive innovation characteristics，Can better reflect the Bet365 app download characteristics of the accompanying interaction between human beings and nature。For example，The field of research includes: individual consumption and quality of life in economic life、Relations of interest groups、The relationship between economic operation trends，Individual、Enterprise、Will、Government's behavioral boundaries and interrelationships; individual behavior methods in public health incidents、Social Organization Form、Unified deployment and governance of the government and its relationship; individual words and deeds in the network environment、Will、Behavioral habit，Community networks and interest group demands change，Social mainstream values ​​and its specifications，Public opinion happened、Breeding、Communication and effect stress may cause social affairs and response plans; differentiation、How the live individuals have emerged and complicated social phenomena and forms under the network structure and conduction mechanism，Its effect on micro behavior，and the two -way feedback mechanism between the two。

The common foundation of various branches of humanities and social sciences is the study of human social behavior，But still lacks the theoretical framework that can explain the unity of theoretical results of each branch，This is because the complex essential characteristics of social phenomena are one of the most difficult scientific issues。The unique advantages and behavioral sciences of the rise of CSS、Complex science、Auxiliary of related disciplines and technical methods such as social network analysis，Can make the original unable to touch、Unclear explanation、Unclear explanation、Research and exploration situation that cannot be achieved is greatly changed，Make the impossible into possible，Difficulties and chaos become orderly and can be followed，Summary of experience specifications becomes more depth、More fine evidence of proven pseudo scientific inspection。For example，The rise of online sciences makes social scientists deeply recognize，People、Institution、The interaction between the market has an important impact on collective social behavior，But consciousness、Spirit、Belief、Emotions, etc. It is difficult to observe the measurement，Bet365 app download Especially for long -term observation for large -scale people。Therefore，The collection and analysis processing of network data，Perhaps the entry path and key content of the development of CSS。

Agent-Based Model，ABM)、System simulation、Smart algorithm、Calculation experiment、Software platform and other methods，Its innovative traits are also manifested as a diversified update and conversion of research paradigm。First, the depth of combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis、Significant improvement of accuracy and coordination。Second, the various scenes and typical facts in real life，Computing experimental simulation and virtual reality (VR+) and other methods through various theoretical analysis and inference。Third is based on big data、Cloud computing、Artificial Intelligence、Data sets of technologies such as machine learning and other technologies，and integrate the humanistic spirit in innovative research。Fourth is to seek homogeneous individual rational behavior、Causality/correlation under the balanced thinking of unidirectional linear thinking，Comprehensive response behavior to heterogeneous individuals、Multi -connecting and multi -connected mutual feedback mechanism of non -linear and non -balanced thinking of the cause and effect of the cause and effect of the cause and effect of the cause and effect of the cause and effect of the non -linear non -equilibrium thinking of the non -balanced thinking of the non -balanced thinking of the non -balanced thinking of the non -balanced thinking of the non -balanced thinking of the non -balanced thinking of the interoperability/generating analysis。Five is Tong Hongdong Micro、level penetration、Display docking，Macro overall analysis and micro -basic research of social science can produce better unity。Six is ​​the leading person、tolerance、association、Leading branches theory and system，Pay more attention to self -rich、Comprehensive adaptive development, etc.。

Although CSS research has begun prelude，But to truly create research results with significant impact and practical significance，It is necessary to further change the concept、Enhanced the ability to enhance the interdisciplinary research institute，The basic condition of perfect research、Basic Construction，to better cope with all kinds of penetration and fusion、impact and challenge。CSS research should focus on the relationship between theoretical methods and Bet365 lotto review practical test，Persist in problem orientation、task -oriented、Personal orientation，The rigor of science and the fresh organic combination of humanities。At the same time，Also pay attention to avoid misunderstandings such as bias (dazzling skills and persistence)，Try to avoid moving from one extreme to another，The embarrassment of "accurate fallacy" and "thinking after decimal point"，Avoid the phenomenon of technical blind spots and distortions, as well as data quality、Data property rights and data privacy may induce problems。

　　Life Outlook

Calculation science and big data、Cloud computing、ai、Machine learning、Internet interconnection、Blockchain、5g、VR+, etc. The introduction and application bet365 Play online games of a new round of scientific and technological revolution with distinctive characteristics in humanities and social sciences，It will become an important momentum for helping to promote the development of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics in the new era。China's rich and twists and turns social development experience and the huge population scale，It is breeding、Create a good platform for cross -disciplinary research。Facing humanities and social sciences、Large span of natural science and thinking science、Innovation of innovation，Computers and the brain by calculating thinking、Calculation science、Data science、Information network technology parallel docking，We not only know how data and technology are used，Also know how the data comes、How to reflect the research object。It is necessary to distinguish the adaptability of the technical method，Think about how the common civilization results of human beings are combined with China's national conditions，How to transform the research results and apply it in social development practice。Theory、Experiment and computing two -way multi -channel、Multiple ways cognitive conversion，Especially the implantation of biological chips based on the perception of real life and the principle of neurons、(Half) Invasive brain -Machine fusion docking technology and other human characteristics of information collection and real -time processing breakthrough，It will promote CSS to enter a new stage of development that is difficult to estimate。bet365 best casino games It is foreseeable is，CSS applications will become more and more extensive、The influence is getting farther and far away，It will become an important development trend in the field of humanities and social science research。

Take a comprehensive，CSS is computing science、Data science、Mathematics、Statistics and humanities and social sciences、Multi -disciplines such as thinking science for large span、Emerging research fields formed by the cross -depth cross。After experiencing the bud and the initial period of formation, the technology dominated、Data driver, etc. The main Bet365 app download characteristics of the application stage，Now it has gradually formed a problem -oriented、Humanities Drive、New discipline groups combined with technical support and internal associations。

　　(Author Unit: Calculation Social Science Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)