In recent years，The "Trolley bet365 withdrawal" triggered various discussions in academia。As a thought experiment，The content is roughly: A madman tied five innocent people to the tram track，A runaway trolley is coming towards them，We will crush them soon，But you can pull a lever (switch)，Let the tram move to another track。The bet365 withdrawal is，The madman also tied up an innocent person on another tram track。Consider the above situation，What should you do？The "trolley bet365 withdrawal" was proposed by the British philosopher Philippa Foot in a paper in 1967，Used to question utilitarian ethics。Because the principle of utilitarian ethics is "providing the greatest good for the greatest number of people"，This requires sacrificing one life to save five lives。But，Deontological ethics advocates that people are the purpose，Instead of tools，We cannot simply think that the lives of five people are more important than the life of one person。If a person can control the pull rod (switch switch)，Because his actions caused the death of innocent people，Whether five people die or one person，They are all morally defective。Even his inaction is immoral，Because this is tantamount to him letting these people face death。After the “Trolley bet365 withdrawal” was raised，Many similar versions have appeared，Both create situations where no matter what you choose to do, there is a moral flaw。

With the development of artificial intelligence driverless technology，“Trolley bet365 withdrawal” has rekindled heated discussion。If in this case，Which track should the driverless tram take?，How to set up the program in advance？Further thoughts，If an unexpected situation occurs while the driverless car is driving，When it is impossible to consider both the safety of passengers and the safety of pedestrians outside the vehicle，How artificial intelligence systems should make decisions？The "Trolley bet365 withdrawal" in the context of artificial intelligence has added some new variables，The bet365 withdrawal seems more difficult to solve。

The key to the "trolley bet365 withdrawal" is that it faces an "either-or" choice，This is the product of a typical "binary opposition" way of thinking。If we can create the possibility of a third option，Things may turn around。But this third option，Need to convert the bet365 withdrawal of dealing with "people" into the bet365 withdrawal of dealing with "things"。This can also be regarded as a "moral materialization" choice，That is, a specific design or arrangement of “something”，Enable people to perform moral actions by operating the object。Of course，This understanding is better than Verbeek (P. P. Verbeek) and other scholars’ concept of “moral materialization” is broader，But the essence is the same。

In the original version of the Trolley bet365 withdrawal，The person who can control the pull rod (switch)，If the pull rod is not pushed and pulled to the end (so that the tram can enter a certain track through the switch)，But it is pulled to some intermediate state (only part of the switch is opened)，The wheels of the tram will be stuck here and cannot move，At the same time, it will not cause rollover，It won’t crush anyone on the track，It won’t hurt the people on the train either。Doing so effectively creates a "gentle" roadblock at the turn of the track，Making the tram unable to pass，Danger avoided。Such a solution to the "Trolley bet365 withdrawal"，The key is to reversely change the function of "things" to achieve the purpose of saving people。The pull rod set in "The Trolley bet365 withdrawal" is obviously a manual switch，Under normal circumstances, if the push and pull are not in place, it is a fault，But in special circumstances, a fault must be caused to control the movement of the tram，This is "doing the opposite"。A controllable link (switch) was designed in the "Trolley bet365 withdrawal"，This leaves room for solving the bet365 withdrawal from the perspective of "moral materialization"。

The "Trolley bet365 withdrawal" in the context of artificial intelligence has canceled the original manual turnout plot，Becomes a question of how artificial intelligence systems make ethical decisions，But it still has the characteristics of "dual opposition" way of thinking。When designing an artificial intelligence decision-making system，If faced with “either/or” both choices have moral flaws，Need to retain the possibility of the third option, "moral reification"。This means that the design of artificial intelligence systems must consider "three-valued logic"，Be able to choose a third option besides "either/or"。If a self-driving car encounters an emergency and does not handle it properly，For example, when a pedestrian suddenly appears in front of you, bump into it，Or injuring the passengers in the car to avoid pedestrians，All have moral flaws，All are not feasible。So where is the third option？This is by introducing some new artificial intelligence mechanisms、Function、Method，Avoid these situations。For example，Discover abnormal situations ahead in advance through the monitoring system of the Internet of Things，Automatically stop or automatically close the turnout in front of you when a situation similar to the "trolley bet365 withdrawal" occurs (of course，This requires a highly intelligent Internet of Things system that can adapt to driverless car road conditions)；If an emergency occurs while driving quickly，We can consider using a device that automatically pops up similar to the "air bag" principle (with elastic gas buffering) for pedestrians outside the car and passengers inside the car to reduce the degree of damage, etc.。Autonomous vehicles should be designed to include devices for ethical choices，Realizing “moral materialization” through artificial intelligence。Anyway，To create a third option，Only in order to transcend the "binary opposition" model，Find new solutions。

Solving the "Trolley bet365 withdrawal" from the perspective of "moral materialization"，For example, use the method of opening half of the switches，By introducing new artificial intelligence devices，Intended to reflect the organic connection、Think about the necessity and possibility of solving ethical issues in a flexible way。In real life，“Either-or” moral choices like those set in the “Trolley bet365 withdrawal” are rare，In most cases there is a third or more solution to the bet365 withdrawal，Need to use practical wisdom，Think creatively and make decisions。Chinese traditional culture talks about "the golden mean"，Aristotle talks about "the middle way"，It’s all about avoiding going to extremes。But the "middle" here is not the midpoint in quantity，But the third more suitable flexible option。The "moral materialization" solution to the "Trolley bet365 withdrawal"，This is such a way of thinking。

　　(Author’s affiliation: Department of Humanities and bet365 withdrawal, Dalian University of Technology)