In recent years，Many colleges and universities offer critical thinking courses。Critical thinking is becoming more and more popular among students，Also favored by many bet365 promo codes teachers，Some colleges and universities have even renamed bet365 promo codes courses as critical thinking。The effect of this kind of flag change can be described as "everyone is happy" - students feel that what they learned is useful、Interesting，Teachers don’t have to bother teaching logical reasoning and calculations that many students are not interested in。Then，What is the relationship between critical thinking and bet365 promo codes？

　　Propose "Application Hypothesis"

About the relationship between critical thinking and bet365 promo codes，Different scholars have different views。Some opinions，bet365 promo codes is a mature subject，bet365 promo codes courses are targeted professional courses，Critical thinking is just an educational concept。According to this understanding，bet365 promo codes and critical thinking belong to different categories，Of course the bet365 promo codes course cannot be renamed critical thinking。Similar to this，Just as loving the truth is an educational concept，Every major in the university should generally implement this concept，But you cannot rename any professional course to love the truth。There are other opinions，There is no categorical difference between critical thinking and bet365 promo codes。Logical thinking quality can be tested、Quantifiable，The goals of bet365 promo codes courses and critical thinking courses are to cultivate logical thinking literacy。The former focuses on professional knowledge，The latter focuses on thinking training；The former covers comprehensive logical knowledge (such as propositional bet365 promo codes、Predicate bet365 promo codes or even modal bet365 promo codes)，The latter is only partially covered。Follow this idea，Choose bet365 promo codes or critical thinking，Just take what you need，For example，Philosophy majors can teach bet365 promo codes courses，Some majors can teach critical thinking。

In short，According to the first voice，There is no overlap between bet365 promo codes and critical thinking；According to the second voice，The contents of bet365 promo codes and critical thinking partially overlap。The former completely excludes critical thinking from the scope of bet365 promo codes；The latter is trying to find some decent curricular status for critical thinking - although the amount of logical knowledge is discounted，But critical thinking can still achieve the same goal as bet365 promo codes，Helping students acquire logical thinking skills。

A different understanding is proposed here: critical thinking and bet365 promo codes are not "completely different" or "partially overlapping" relationships。Critical thinking is the daily application of bet365 promo codes，or，It is bet365 promo codes in daily application。Just like applied mathematics is still mathematics，Critical Thinking as bet365 promo codes in Application，Still bet365 promo codes。This recognition may be called an applied hypothesis about the nature of critical thinking，Referred to as "Application Hypothesis"。

The bet365 promo codes community has a generally unanimous understanding of bet365 promo codes: bet365 promo codes is to pick out good arguments，And answer why the singled out good arguments are good arguments。For example，bet365 promo codes not only tells us that the affirmative antecedent is a "good" argumentation model whose premises can ensure that the conclusion is true，We will also use different methods (such as the truth table method) to prove why it is so。Another example，bet365 promo codes not only tells us that Bayes’ theorem is true，We also need to derive Bayes’ theorem step by step through the basic rules of probability calculus。The "goodness" of a deductive argument lies in the fact that the premises guarantee the conclusion；The "goodness" of an inductive argument lies in the fact that the premises provide strong support for the conclusion。Deductive argument belongs to deductive bet365 promo codes；Inductive arguments belong to inductive bet365 promo codes。In short，In bet365 promo codes，Learners must not only learn good arguments，You also need to learn the judgment mechanism of good arguments。

In critical thinking textbooks，There is less content related to the determination mechanism of “good” arguments。This is not surprising - critical thinking is the application of bet365 promo codes，Apply a principle，It is not necessary to know why this principle is true。It is the responsibility of pure logicians to provide decision mechanisms。

　　Response to questions

　For the "Application Hypothesis"，Some people may raise some doubts。Here is an attempt to respond to some possible doubts。

　　Question 1: Why do you think critical thinking is the application of bet365 promo codes (or bet365 promo codes in application)？

Answer: bet365 promo codes knowledge is universally valid，Critical thinking training is mainly based on daily context，And critical thinking explicitly requires knowledge of bet365 promo codes。Therefore，The "application hypothesis" will naturally be formed。In addition，The establishment of many critical thinking courses，For the purpose of cultivating logical thinking literacy。

　　Question 2: Some logical knowledge is useless，Not even used in critical bet365 promo codes，For example, "Everyone is mortal，Socrates is a human being，So Socrates is mortal”。How to explain this？

　　Answer: If a person is curious whether Socrates will die，Then，Of course others can use the above arguments to answer him。Therefore，This is useful。Take a step back，Assuming no one raises such suspicion，still think the argument is useful。Imagine a person saying "Socrates is a human being，So，Socrates is mortal”，To better understand the speaker，Critical bet365 promo codes requires us to look for implicit assumptions，A good option is "all men are mortal"。The basis is: the above argument is a deductive argument。

　　Question 3: Many contents in critical thinking seem to have nothing to do with bet365 promo codes，How to explain this？

Answer: It is related，Just need to discover and explain。Take the Toulmin model as an example，The Toulmin model is an important tool for developing arguments，Plays an important role in critical thinking。The straight line between "according to" and "assert" represents a logical support relationship，In other words，It’s the argument line。Among them，Add "guaranteed"，It’s because “basis” and “guarantee” together support “assertion” more。And sometimes we have to consider "argument"，It’s because this support is not 100% support，To make it reach 100% or close to 100%，We consider "argument"，Then "qualify" the "assertion" (as for "support" and "confirmation" are more obvious，That is the sub-reason for "basis" and "support")。After such a series of operations，The argument is complete，We can better believe the "assertion" based on the "ground"。Improved argument，Can also be restated in regular argument form。Arguments of varying strengths are used here，Of course it’s related to bet365 promo codes。Another example，If the sample size is large enough，Random sampling，Sample is uniform，The statistical induction argument is more reasonable。This is the result of inductive bet365 promo codes。

　　Question 4: Some logical content seems impossible to enter into critical thinking anyway，For example，“A therefore A”。This is a deductive argument，But，Not possible in critical thinking。If so，We cannot think that critical thinking is the application of bet365 promo codes。

Answer: The premise of "A therefore A" can 100% support the conclusion，Therefore，This is certainly a good argument。And in daily context，There is often a presupposition: we need a non-circular argument，Hope to be able to explain why A through other information。bet365 promo codes tells us that "A therefore A" is deductive，But this does not meet the requirements of daily context，Because there is a non-cyclic condition。In addition，A requirement in logical semantics is also used here，That is, the meaning of the same symbol is single，In this way we can say "A therefore A" is cyclic。Therefore，This particular argument does not prove that critical thinking is not an application of bet365 promo codes，The particularity is precisely a result of the application of bet365 promo codes。

The essence of this debate is ultimately about how to teach bet365 promo codes well。Critical thinking courses are favored by more and more teachers, students and even university presidents，Understand the relationship between critical thinking and bet365 promo codes，This is the prerequisite for this phenomenon to be a good thing。Critical thinking class teachers should know，Critical thinking is just applied bet365 promo codes。No bet365 promo codes，There is no application，Critical thinking is out of the question。Critical thinking teachers should learn bet365 promo codes well，Try to understand as much bet365 promo codes knowledge as possible (for example, master at least one system's judgment mechanism)。This way，Teachers can be more comfortable in critical thinking courses，At the same time, it can also better cultivate students’ logical thinking skills。

　　(bet365 promo codes article is a phased result of the teaching research project of Huazhong University of Science and Technology "Construction Plan and Practical Exploration of First-Class Philosophy Undergraduate Major under the New Liberal Arts Background")

(Author’s affiliation: School of Philosophy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology)