The medium of technology occurs almost at the same time as human civilization。Technology can give birth to new knowledge and generate new civilization through the medium，This unique technical phenomenon is as described as a communication scientist Harold Adams Innis: "A medium after long -term use，It may determine the characteristics of the knowledge it spread to a certain extent ... a new media strength，will lead to the generation of a new civilization。"mural、Iransal text、Letter text and paper grasses、bamboo slips、Books、Electronic equipment and other media objects，All carrier derived from different regions、Different historical periods、Human civilization with different styles。

　Bet365 lotto review As a unique technical phenomenon，The medium phenomenon of technology can be traced back to the Neolithic era。In the Neolithic era，The product of technical medium is not the medium technology that people are well known for information communication today，but a technical form called "Container Technology"。This period，The medium of technology is mainly reflected as a bottle、can、瓮、barrel、bowl、Box、pool、Gu Po、The emergence of container technology in the barn。Container technology and today's media technology are completely different，But there is consistency in functional: bearer、Storage and transmission。The storage object of the former is real item，The latter is virtual information。That is to say，Media technology is essentially an information container for storing information and information。It is precisely because of the phenomenon of this technical medium，Media environmental scholar Lance A. Strate will use "container", "environment", "enclosure", "city" and other seemingly irrelevant vocabulary to study media issues，And believes that "the point of view of technology is the concept of the media environment or technology system"。

　　The phenomenon of technical medium before printing.Before the popularization of printing，The medium of technology is mainly reflected in the prosperity of spoken culture and the emergence of word creation。Technical medium is mainly reflected in the richness and regularity of speaking skills in speaking culture。For example，Ballad in the Book of Songs、Fighting Han Fu、The rigorous Tang and Song poems、The mythical story of the poet Homer orally。Word -making techniques for constructing written text，From spoken language to text is the result of further medium technology，Text introduces a new grammar and sentence patterns to record cultural materials。Technology began to intervene in the language medium，and convert into a new text medium。Compared with oral culture，Written culture reflects more obvious technicality。The impact of technical medium at this stage on social culture，The ancients have noticed，For example, "Huainanzi · This Scripture" records: "Cangjie starts to look at the literary book of the bird's traces，，Fraud and pseudo -germination will go to the end、Disclosure of farming and the benefit of the knife。God knows that it will be hungry，Therefore, it is Yusu。"The Analects of Confucius also mentioned:" Ready without writing，Faith and good ancient，Steal than my old Peng。"The problem brought by the technical medium at this stage is，Conscious words can help people record information，But make people depend more on text，Used to help yourself remember with external text symbols，No longer relying on internal resources to help memories。other，People will learn a lot of book information，instead of the teacher’s words and teaching。

　　Technical medium in the era of printing.After entering the 16th century，The medium of technology began to be manifested as the popularity of printing in the world、The rise of written text and a large number of books。For example，The prosperity of Chinese civilization since the Song Dynasty，"To the Song Dynasty，Official carving、Home Carving、The three systems of Fang Carved have stood up，The publishers have spread all over the north and south of the river; in the Ming Dynasty，The potential of ‘Liaoyuan’ has formed。In addition to remote areas，Most areas across the country have local carved books (writing books) to this day "。At this time，"Many printing plants have been established in Europe ... Because of these progress，The rise of books and trade，The scale of the printing plant has also expanded ... The era of printing machines has begun "。In this period (early 16th century to the end of the 17th century)，The medium of technology is mainly reflected in the social value evaluation system、The changes in the scenes of the social class and the world。Religious reform in Europe、cultural movements such as Renaissance and the rise of modern science，Also related to the medium of technology。For example，Driven by printing，A large number of new books have begun to appear，Affected people's consciousness and brought religious reforms。Robert King Merton, a scientific sociologist, believes: "By the end of the 15th century，The German version of the Bible has been printed in large quantities ... People's interest in vernacular "Bible"，Especially after the rise of the university，Conflict between scholars and churches ... The Greek "Bible" published in March 1516，Make people get rid of the thoughts of the clergymen，The book contributes to human thought，The roar of all the works of Luther。"The 17th century England's initial interest in religion showed a continuous decline，interest in science is presented as a trend of rise，Science jumps unambiguous into a highly respected position in the social value system，and can accelerate development。Science has begun to evolve from science to large science with some social characteristics，Transition from a scientific culture to a new social system, that is, modern society，and built a modern world picture with scientific culture as the mainstream culture。It is in this sense，Bacon (Francis Bacon) believes: "Printing、The power of the three inventions of gunpowder and magnetic needle、Efficacy and consequences are unknown by the ancients、I found it closer，They have changed the appearance and situation of the entire world，Printing changes academic ... from this caused difficult to count changes。”

　　Technical medium in the industrial era.At the end of the 17th century, the Industrial Revolution began to rise，With the emergence of the first piston steam engine，Machine Manufacturing、Iron and Steel Industry、New industries such as the transportation industry are in the ascendant。early 19th century，The emergence of the first chemical power -driven motor has brought the power revolution。The emergence of steam engines and motors has made technology entering a new stage of development -science starts closely with technology，Scientific technology can be formed。At this time，People’s attention is attracted by the Industrial Revolution，Starting the progress of Acura production technology，The medium of technology is gradually covered by the technology production brought by the industrial revolution。Although the medium of technology at this stage is not obvious，But the new technological revolution is brewing，That is the information technology revolution。Under the influence of the power revolution，Electronic media technology begins to appear。1837，Momes code appeared; 1875，Telephone appeared; 1877，Edison invented the voices; the tape recorder appeared in 1898; 1906，Wireless broadcast experiment successful，Then the TV appeared; 1945，The first digital computer using the electronic tube appears，In the same year，The birth of von Nokaman Machine。Compared with other industrial technology for material production，This series of media technologies with information communication constitute a unique landscape in the industrial revolution。

　　Technical medium in the information age.Since the 21st century，The medium of technology is increasingly significant，Driven by modern information technology and wireless communication technology，"Human -machine symbiosis appeared、Everything in the "Intelligent Media"。From e -mail、Instant communication、Instant communication、Search Engine、e -commerce, etc.，to virtual reality、Artificial Intelligence、Blockchain、Internet of Things, etc.，Media technology constantly changes people's cognitive methods、Living habits and living environment，Shape the new world map "New World" and the new species "New Media Species"。Take the mobile Internet as an example，According to the statistics of the "47th China Internet Development Status Statistical Report" according to the China Internet Information Center (CNNIC): "As of December 2020，The number of IPv6 addresses in my country is 57634 yuan/32，increased 13.3%from the end of 2019。Netizens size reached 989 million，Internet penetration rate reaches 70.4%... The size of mobile Internet users reaches 986 million。The proportion of mobile Internet access is 99.7%，The size of online shopping users reaches 782 million，Occupied netizens as a whole 79.1%。"" 2019 China Network Audiovisual Development Research Report "shows，Chinese mobile Internet users on average per day on the Internet up to 5.69 hours。People and smartphones、Tablet computers and other mobile communication terminals are very viscous between mobile communication terminals，"Looking at mobile phones" and "paying with mobile phones" have become a normal state of daily life today。The above technical equipment is changing from a technical tool to a lifestyle and even life attitude，and become a necessity to maintain people's daily life。It is worth noting is，At this time, the image of netizens has a big difference compared to the past。This stage，The age stage of netizens is full coverage，"Low Young" and "White Hair" netizens began to rise。

Current，People’s clothing and clothing live、Daily work、Education learning and other social life high depends on media technology，The medium of technology is deeper into all aspects of people's social life。At the same time，The negative effects of technical medium may also gradually highlight，Take education as an example，Media Cultural Researcher and critic Neil Postman is concerned about the "school crisis" breed of online education, that is, the entertainment of education。The goal of education is not just to convey knowledge to students，The education process is basically a process of moisturizing，The general sharing of high -quality resources on the Internet cannot replace classroom teaching。For this，Polzman proposed the "constant thermostat" view of the relationship between balanced media and education，And point out that the main task of school media quality education is "clarifying bet365 best casino games this information bias，Know what to use to balance it。"This shows the practical significance of the phenomenon of in -depth research technical medium and its problems。

　　(this article is the Scientific Research Fund of the Renmin University of China (Special Funding for Special Fund Fund Fund Fund) Project (16XNE023) in the Central University)

(Author Unit: School of Philosophy of Renmin University of China)