Current，Artificial intelligence is deeply applied to various fields of society，Promoting the overall improvement of social production efficiency。But，As an openness、A disrupted but not mature technology，Artificial intelligence brings efficient production and convenient life，inevitable impact on existing ethical relations and social structures，and has caused a lot of ethical conflicts and legal issues。In the era of rapid update technology，How to accurately grasp the characteristics of the changes of the times，Deeply reflect on ethical risks caused by artificial intelligence，Proposed to be targeted、Prospective response strategies，It is a major era topic in front of us。

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Technology is a double -edged sword，While promoting social progress，It also brings technical risks to a large extent。The same is true of artificial intelligence technology。At this stage，The technical ethics risk of artificial intelligence is mainly reflected in the following three aspects。

Design risk of artificial intelligence。Design is the logical starting point of artificial intelligence，The main value of the designer is designed to be embedded in the underlying logic of artificial intelligence。If artificial intelligence designers are at the beginning of design，Adhering to the wrong values ​​or embedding the moral guidelines that conflict conflicts in artificial intelligence，​​So in the process of actual operation, it is very likely to user life、Property security, which brings threats。

Algorithm risk of artificial intelligence。The algorithm is the core element of artificial intelligence，Artificial intelligence Bet365 lotto review algorithms with deep learning characteristics can independently adjust operating parameters and rules during operation，Form the "algorithm black box"，Make the decision -making process opaque or difficult to explain，thus affecting citizens' right to know and supervision，Delivery caused by traditional supervision。The artificial intelligence algorithm may be in the absence of perception or proof，Use algorithm discrimination or algorithm to conspire the legitimate rights and interests of consumers，Then disrupt the market economy order and cause unfair competition。"Big Data Killing", which has been widely exposed in recent years，It is the specific manifestation of this risk。

Data security risk of artificial intelligence。Privacy is a basic right of a person，The protection of privacy is an important manifestation of modern civilization。But in many artificial intelligence applications，Massive personal data is collected、Digging、Use，Especially involved personal biological signs、Health、Home、Sensitive information of travel, etc.。Citizen's privacy protection is facing huge challenges，The risk of privacy leaks caused by artificial intelligence has been pushed to the cusp of the wind。and many privacy leaks occurred，It also deepened the public's concerns about artificial intelligence to a certain extent。The coordinated development of privacy protection and artificial intelligence，It has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently。

　　Social Ethics Challenge

Artificial intelligence not only has potential、Technical ethics risks that cannot be ignored，Accompanying the rapid development of digitalization，The impact of artificial intelligence on the existing social structure and value concept is becoming more and more obvious。Basic value of human society，Ru dignity、Fair、Justice, etc.，It is also facing challenges。

The development of artificial Bet365 app download intelligence to the subject of human morality。2017 Intelligent Robot Sofia was awarded the citizenship of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia，This has aroused many people's concerns about challenging the subjectivity of artificial intelligence。Usually people are considered the only moral subject，The basis of human morality is based on some spiritual characteristics of a person (such as consciousness、Thinking)。Current，Although artificial intelligence is still in the weak artificial intelligence stage，Can't form self -consciousness，but，Smart robots are not only storage、Transmission、Calculation and other aspects of ability surpass the human brain，And with modern technology such as material science，Smart robots may be "more like people than people"，Even with richer emotions (such as Sophia can simulate 62 facial expressions)。Is this intelligent robot a "person"? Should I be established as the main body of morality?，So it is a subject that is equivalent to humans，Or is it a restricted subject? These issues show that artificial intelligence challenges the subjectivity of human morality，Not just romantic imagination in movie novels，Instead, it has become an increasingly realistic risk。

The development of artificial intelligence to the overall fairness and justice of society。First，The development of artificial intelligence may exacerbate the gap between the rich and the poor of society。Due to age、The area where you are、engaged in the industry、Differences in Education level，The chance of people's contact with artificial intelligence is not equal，The ability to actively use artificial intelligence is not the same，This has caused the phenomenon of "digital gap"。"Digital Gully" and the existing urban and rural differences、Differences of workers and peasants、Different brain body differences are superimposed，Further expanded the gap between bet365 live casino games the rich and the poor，It affects the fairness of social development。Next，The development of artificial intelligence may cause structural unemployment tide。Since intelligent machines are stable compared to human workers、Efficient and other advantages，More and more human workers are being replaced by smart machines，Become the so -called "useless class" in "A Brief History of the Future"。Research data from the McKinsey Global Research Institute shows，until 2030，800 million people in the world will be intelligent due to the work process、Automation and lose work。Although the development of artificial intelligence will also bring new jobs，But because of the existence of "digital gap"，Many people cannot find a new job，The tide of structural unemployment may be turbulent。This will become a sexual contradiction、Destroy social stability、Another major potential risk of challenging social fairness and justice。

　Copy prevention strategy

Display Display of the Map Display of Technical Ethics Risk and Social Ethics Challenge，Artificial Intelligence "Security、Reliable、controllable development of controllable "is still far away。For artificial intelligence risk、Prevention of Challenges，It is related to the development direction of the future society and the future fate of the human as a whole，Need to use philosophical reflection、Critical，Make a prudent and appropriate choice。

Establish the basic value principle of artificial intelligence development。Facing risks、Challenge，We should avoid the tendency of "technical worship" in Herbert Marcuse，Ethics、Elementary elements of morality are incorporated into the inherent considerations of artificial intelligence development，Build an artificial intelligence ethics system with extensive consensus as soon as possible。The following basic value principles should be established，As a "Achimid fulcrum" bet365 live casino games as an artificial intelligence ethics system。One is the principle of humanity。Artificial intelligence is always the creation of "people"，It is created to be created to enhance human welfare and interests。No matter how close the artificial intelligence is, "Turing Strange Point"，It should not change its human nature。The principle of people is artificial intelligence research and development、The highest value principle of the application。The second is the principle of fairness。The development of artificial intelligence should be based on the fundamental interests of most people，Can't follow the "logic of capital" and "technical logic"，Sitting at the expansion of "Digital Glutology"，and everyone should have equal contact、Opportunity to use artificial intelligence，so that most people can benefit from the development and application of artificial intelligence。Third is the principle of responsibility。Clear moral responsibility，It is important for preventing and controlling artificial intelligence ethics risks。To strengthen artificial intelligence design、R & D、Application and Maintenance Responsible Ethics Construction，In particular, pay attention to the designer、Developer's moral responsibility training，Clarify the rights of the subjects of all parties、Obligations and responsibilities，Establish and complete、Effective artificial intelligence accident accountability mechanism。

Specific ethical specifications for establishing artificial intelligence development。While establishing the basic principles of artificial intelligence ethics，It is also necessary to formulate artificial intelligence product designers、Developers and users' specific ethical specifications and behavioral codes，Standardize and guide from the source to downstream。Key areas for artificial intelligence，To study the specific refined ethical guidelines，Forms operating standardized specifications and suggestions。Bet365 lotto review Education and propaganda should be strengthened，Promote the formation of the consensus of artificial intelligence norms。further，Ethical specifications that can obtain extensive consensus can be embedded in the algorithm，Avoid "algorithm discrimination" and "algorithm fraud" in the process of artificial intelligence operation。other，To give full play to the role of the Ethical Review Committee and its related organizations，Continuous revision and improvement "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Ethics Specifications"，Regularly targeting new formats、New application evaluation ethical risk，Promoting the ethical norms of artificial intelligence and the current progress。

System guarantee system for improving the development of artificial intelligence。At the social level，It should increase the policy assistance of the "digital vulnerable group"，such as tax reduction and exemption、Financial subsidy, etc.，Make sure the common prosperity direction of artificial intelligence development。Facing possible structural unemployment problems，Can provide workers with continuous lifelong education and vocational training。At the legal level，The effective implementation of the "Personal Information Protection Law" and "Data Security Law" should be actively promoted，Establishing rules for punishment for abuse and fraud in artificial intelligence technology，Gradually accelerate the legislative process of the Artificial Intelligence Law。At the industry level，The construction of the self -discipline system of the artificial intelligence industry should be strengthened。Establish and give full play to the review of the Ethics Committee、Supervision function，Strengthen international cooperation，Promote the development of the artificial intelligence industry towards "security、Reliable、controllable "direction Healthy development。

　(Author Unit: Department of Philosophy of Nanjing University)