Open the history of modern Chinese technology development，Zhu Kezhen、Bingzhi、The name of many older scientists such as Hou Debang，Rushing into our eyes。Zhu Kezhen as an outstanding representative among older scientists，Metomicology research for decades like a day。He has created research in the history field of waiting and Chinese climate change，To promote the development of China's meteorological industry，Write a glorious scientific life。At the same time，This also shows his heart -based national agricultural development、Family feelings of revitalizing meteorological career。

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Zhu Kezhen's Time situation，It is a real premise formed by its home national conditions。As Marx said，"This is some realistic individuals，It is their activity and their material living conditions，Including the ready -made ones and the material living conditions created by their own activities "。Therefore，"Any historical record should start from these natural foundations and their changes in people's activities in the historical process"。

As far as Zhu Kezhen is concerned,，He was in the last year of the Qing Dynasty，China has gradually become a semi -colonial semi -feudal society，Aggression of Foreign powers、Warlord melee，Make people talk about life、Stygmatic coating。Witness all this，He thinks，Although China has thousands of years of civilization history，With excellent cultural traditions，but still bullied by foreign powers，Mainly science and technology is not as good as others。He realized，To make the country become rich and strong，No longer being humiliated by foreign powers，Change the country's backward status，You must study hard，Save the country with science。When he is studying in Shanghai，Learning is very hard to use，Frequent sleep and forgetting food。Later，He is admitted to Tangshan Road Mining Academy，Learn through hard work，In the five and a half years of exams，Every time it is the first class，is the best student in the school，Even those arrogant British teachers also look at him。

1910，Zhu Kezhen passed the second Geng model to stay in the United bet365 live casino games States，Study in the United States with 70 candidates in the same period。When choosing the major of you learned，He thought of，China is agricultural country，Everything is based on farmers，So，He chose to study at the University of Illinois University in central USA。Through the study and actual inspection at school，Zhu Kezhen saw，American agriculture is high productization、Automated，Chinese agriculture is still at the self -sufficient small agricultural economic stage，Between the two is far away。What he studied at the university，Far away from the reality of Chinese agriculture。Summer 1913，Zhu Kezhen after graduating from college，When choosing a special attack direction that continues to be studied，I chose a meteorological science that is closely related to agriculture，I have entered the Department of Land Studies at Harvard University to study meteorological majors。

In American Meteorologist Ward、Under the guidance of McCandi，Zhu Kezhen obtained a master's degree in 1915。After that，He applied for another three -year learning time，Continue to study for a doctorate degree。During this period，Although China is already the Republic of China after the 1911 Revolution，but still a warlord melee、People do not talk about life。This strengthens the belief of Zhu Kezhen scientifically saving the country。He thinks，Domestic political confusion at that time，The future is slim，Only advanced science and technology，can China develop towards modern society。He actively participates in the work of "China Sciences Society" initiated by Chinese students in the United States，Edit "Science Monthly"，Use all spare time to check the information，Establish your research goals as climate research in China。For this，In addition to studying weather、Climate、Geology、Geography and other more than ten courses，History of Natural Sciences also selected。1918，Zhu Kezhen's thesis "New Classification of Typhoon Far East" passed the defense，After obtaining a doctorate degree in Harvard University，He resolutely decided to return to China。

　　Explore talent training

Students who return to China as studying abroad，Zhu Kezhen is full of patriotic enthusiasm，Respectfully choose to coach college，Want to cultivate more talents for the country，to change China's backward Bet365 app download appearance。1919，Zhu Kezhen has returned for 8 years，Entering the podium of the university，Ying Wuchang Higher Normal School (now Wuhan University's predecessor) hire，Go to the school to teach geography and meteorology。1920，He was hired to coach Nanjing Higher Normal School。

1921，Nanjing Higher Normal School Expansion，Rename Southeast University。Under Zhu Kezhen's initiative，Southeast University established the Department of Earth Studies。This is the first place in the Department of Studies established in Chinese universities，Zhu Kezhen as the director of the department。Geography under the Department of Earth Science、Meteorological、Geology、Four majors of minerals，Among them, the meteorological major is also the first weather major in Chinese universities。From this，China has opened the history of cultivating specialty talents for its own meteorological。There was no textbook at that time，He will write the textbook of "Meteorology" by himself。To guide students to recognize different height air components，Know the temperature、Air pressure，Cloud Mist Frost Snow，Thunderstorm、Hail，Wind、Climate phenomenon such as storms and typhoons，He taught students to students from shallow to deep in the classroom to students。In addition to classroom teaching，Zhu Kezhen attaches great importance to the cultivation of students' practical ability，and use wild internships as compulsory courses for various subjects in the Department of Land。In addition，He also set up a meteorological test in the campus，Training、Cultivate students' actual work ability。In the 10 years he coached，Trained a large number of specialized talents for the country。

　　Create meteorological career

As a meteorological expert，In order to change the backwardness of China's meteorological cause，Create a new situation in China ’s weather industry，Zhu Kezhen carefully drafted the "Plan for the Establishment of Meteorological Testing in the Country" and put it into implementation。1928，Zhu Kezhen was appointed Director of the Central Meteorological Research Institute。Since China did not uniformly manage the meteorological work at that time，Therefore, the Central Meteorological Research Institute shoulder dual tasks: it is both a national meteorological academic research institution，bet365 Play online games At the same time is the leadership agency of the national meteorological cause。Under his leadership，Except for the original ground weather observation，The Central Meteorological Research Institute has carried out high -altitude weather observation、Weather forecast and meteorological broadcast。At the same time，The institute also carried out waiting、Daily shot、Air Electric、Dust and earthquake observation business and research work。Then，successfully in Nanjing、Peace -to -air balloon、Vendor Air Balloon、Aircraft detection and meteorological kite。

Before the establishment of the Institute of Meteorological，China's weather forecast is mainly published by the meteorological station run by foreigners。New Year's Day 1930，The management power of various meteorological stations along the coast is taken back，The Central Meteorological Research Institute officially draws East Asian weather map，Release weather forecast and typhoon alert。From this，China has its own meteorological forecast of territorial territorial sea。In the same year，Zhu Kezhen led a team to participate in the Far East Meteorological Conference held in Hong Kong。During the meeting，The Governor of Hong Kong and the President of the Conference held two banquets。At the banquet，The seats of China and another country are arranged in the end。Zhu Kezhen thinks，This is the arrangement that damages the Chinese national character，Is it intolerable。He decided after discussing the Chinese members attending the meeting，Protesting the action with no longer attending the meeting，and return to Shanghai by the sea wheel in advance。After experiencing these things，Zhu Kezhen has strengthened the determination to independently establish China's meteorological career。

Zhu Kezhen devoted a lot of energy and hard work to the construction and development of the Institute of Meteorological Research of the Arctic Pavilion。1932，The Institute of Meteorological Institute of Arctic Pavilion began a record of the earthquake，is one of the earliest earthquakes in China。Zhu Kezhen also has a grand concept of the development of the national meteorological cause。He explained the meteorological and agricultural、Fisheries、Laureate、Air、Water conservancy、Scientific Development、Relationship between the superstition，It is proposed to set bet365 best casino games up a meteorological station，The size of the area、Terrain、Popularity Setting Meteorological Testing Institute。According to his plan，Within 10 years，There should be 10 meteorological stations nationwide、180 waiting houses、1000 rainfall states，Agriculture for China、Water conservancy、Laureate、Air、National Defense and other services。But，In the case at that time，This goal is difficult to achieve in a short time，But he has been working unremitting efforts for the realization of this goal。His dispatch professionals carry out alpine waiting for Mount Emei on an altitude of 3000 meters above sea level;，Established a meteorological station in the Guanfeng Peak in Taishan; sent relevant professionals to establish a test office in Lhasa, Tibet，Starting meteorological observation of the roof of the world。To solve the problem of serious lack of meteorological professionals，Under his host，Institute of Central Meteorological Research Institute successively launched four -phase meteorological learning class，Institute of Central Meteorological Research Institute successively launched four -phase meteorological learning class。

　　Study climate and agricultural production

After the founding of New China，​​Zhu Kezhen as the Deputy Dean of the Chinese Academy of Sciences，Differential care of the meteorological cause of developing the country，At all time, the meteorological business service is the industrial and agricultural production service。For this，He is learning to learn、Agricultural climate and climate changes in China have been pioneered，Make outstanding contribution。For example，Zhu Kezhen discussed the relationship between climate and agricultural production in the article "On Several Characteristics of my country's Climate and its relationship with the production of food crops"。He pointed out，Plants are limited by climate more than humans。For plants,，In the cold belt and tropical、Alpine and Plain、Desert and Wetland，The types of grass and trees growing are completely different。How much thickness of the leaves of a tree is distributed with chlorophyll、​​Comprehensive sunlight is related。The role of red light and blue light is different。Red light makes cells grow，Blue light to split cells。Plant chlorophyll can make various carbohydrates，Its energy relies on solar radiation energy，The total radiation bet365 best casino games volume of a place can initially calculate the output of crops per hectare or land under the ideal situation。In addition to sunlight，Temperature is also an important factor affecting crop production。For example，lychee、Longan is only produced in southeast China，Tea、Orange but Qinling，Most tropical plants cannot pass frost。The growth rate of crops，Whether it is the length and thickness meter of the chief and leaves，Still with the weight meter of crops，The fastest at the temperature is 30 ° C。When the temperature drops below 30 ° C，The lower the temperature，Slow growth，until about 5 ° C，Most crops enter the dormant state。If the temperature rises above 30 ° C，The growth rate must also decrease，The temperature reaches 40 ℃，Most crops also stop growing。rainfall is also very important for the growth of crops。Most of the world's rice production is mostly concentrated in the monsoon area of ​​East and Southeast Asia。In China，East Asia and Southeast Asia's rice output accounts for 96 % of the world's total output，and the high temperature and abundant rainfall in the monsoon area is an important factor。In China，Effect on the gains of crops，Rain amount is more important than temperature，Most of them depend on the timely rainfall。Most areas of China belong to the monsoon climate area，One feature is that the amount of rainfall is concentrated in a period of high temperature temperature; another feature is，Summer wind coming and retreating is too late or early，Lead less or more rainfall。More rainfall can easily cause flood disasters，Little rainfall and easy to cause drought。

Zhu Kezhen pointed out at the end of the paper，Since the climate is an important factor in the current increase or decrease of grain production，We need to analyze how the climate affects food production，and further explore how to use the favorable factors of a local climate，Reduce or exempt from the unfavorable factor of a local climate。From the words of this paper，Each data、Each conclusion，Not only let us see the rigor of Zhu Kezhen's interpretation and analysis、Scientific，Can see his concern as a meteorologist's concern for national agricultural production。Zhu Kezhen's paper，Research results for decades，Sanyi Draft，It can be seen，Care about the development of national and agricultural Bet365 lotto review development。This is not only a rigorous and professional scientific paper，And his heart is the development of national agricultural development、The true portrayal of the family feelings of the home country of the meteorological cause，It is also an important document for promoting China's agricultural production high house。

Zhu Kezhen and other older scientists' scientific life and family feelings，Not only did it promote Chinese technology、Education、Culture、The development of industrial and agricultural production and other undertakings，and inspire generations of generations of technology workers to love the motherland、Dedication science、Service society。

(This article is a major project of the National Social Science Fund "Historical Development of Broadly Logic Paradox、Research on the Frontier of theoretical Frontier and Interdisciplinary (18zda031) staged results)

(The author is a researcher at the Jiangsu Moral Development Research Institute，Director of the Institute of Science and Technology Ethics of Southeast University、Professor of the Department of Philosophy and Science)