May 2016 to November 2017，Qingdao Cultural Relics Protection Archeology Research Institute and Huangdao District Museum，Excavant 125 tombs during the Han and Wei Dynasties in the northeast of Tushan Tun Village in the area，11 Civil Engine 牍 牍 牍 牍，The content belongs to different categories of scheme books。"Excavation of the Tomb of the Tomb Group 4 of the Tomb Group in Qingdao, Shandong" ("Journal of Archeology", 2019) A article announced the "Two Years of Dangyi Yuanshou" (hereinafter referred to as "The Book of Books, I want to have a book ") Explanation。This book is similar to the "Collection Book" of Yinwan Han tomb，Provides rare physical evidence for the academic circles to understand the Qin and Han dynasties。The connotation of the concept used in the book has many differences with the records of the handed down literature，The institutional content involved in the institutional content can also be corrected or widening the past cognition。So，It is necessary to distinguish it。

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The organizer refers to the "Book of Books" as a "document in the" Plan "in the nature of the text。"Book" also known as "Collection Book"，Hu Guang's "Han Guan Jie" records the Han Dynasty's upper plan system:，The county must "go to its collection" in the county。Qin Han implement two levels of upper -level measures，Hu Guang Shengyun is the requirements of the county's county in the county of the county。The specific content of the central government of the county's plan，It can be glimpsed from Yinwan Han Tomb "Collection Book"，Because this book "may be a draft or copy of the collection of collections used by Donghai County"。The records recorded in the "Wanting Book" are more abundant and specific，In the case, far exceeding Yinwan Han Tomb "Collection Book"，This may be due to the needs of county management and examinations，The content of the county's plan is relatively simplified。In view of this，It is said that the book that belongs to the upper plan is desirable。Compared Bet365 lotto review with Hu Guang's record and Yinwan Han Tomb "Collection Book"，The book of the county of Hou State of the county Yido Township is also named "Collection Book"。But，The documents of the Han Tomb of Tushan Tun 牍 Why is it called "Entry Book"? This is the first question that needs to be reviewed。"Equipment" as a synthetic word，Not seen in literature records。Juyanhan Jane has "the rest of the people see the remaining members ● ●"" (No. 26 · 10) Breaking Simplication，Dang as a document in a department in accordance with the requirements of "Ying Book"，Due to lack of relevant information and details，The attributes are unknown。Walling Malaysia Wu Jian often sees the record of "Book"，Records the annual expenditures of each granary or the year -old book book，Different from the county -level planning documents。So，The "Entry Book" unearthed from the Tomb of Tushan Tun is still necessary to further explore。

"Zhou Li" book has the word "to meet"。"Zhou Li · Tianguan · Tuzuzai" records the post of "Zai Fu": "The end of the year will make the group officials meet，At the end of the month, the first month is required，At the end of Xun, it will make the sun in the sun，。"Jia Shu said that the" year -old meeting "is one -year accounting document;" monthly "is a monthly scheme document。In short，"Monthly" and "Boins" is also collectively referred to as "Level Meeting"。Zheng Sinong said: "You must，The book that is the best for meter，Monthly specifications，The year of the year is said。"Based on this，"Overview" is Qin Ling’s "Perseverance and Plan(Most) Emperor's Institute "(Most) "，The Han Dynasty called it a "book" and "collection book"。This dwelling document unearthed from the Han Tomb of Tushan Tun，It is not called "for the meeting" nor the "collection book"，Perhaps because "The Book of Book" is not the book of the book，Instead of preparing the bottom book，Similar to the "draft" often said now。It is called "to have"，Getting righteousness should be the year -end total of this type of book belonging to the "monthly key"。"To" "Meeting"，The same meaning，Zheng Xuan Note "Book of Rites · Music" "To its rhythm" says: "，Utah will also。"" 具 "，"Guangyun" said: "Preparation also、Out Bet365 app download also。"" "Preparation" and "Ge" can be trained，"Requesting" is "Reserve"，Also "Monthly" total、Complete。

　Analysis of historical concepts from the data

"Wanting Book" points to count the various specific data，Although this data may not be accurate，But we can analyze the historical concepts that they point out accordingly。The concept of the document involved in the service system includes "compound mouth", "things", "calculation", "calculation", etc.，These concepts may be seen in literature records，Or see other Jane，But its meaning is slightly different from the previous cognition。For the discussion,，List the first set of data as follows: Household 25700，mouth 132104 (slave 330)，Fukou 33094，Fixed mouth 99010，Calculating mouth 68568，Repeat the stop calculation 24568，Fixed 44003。According to the record order of the total population to the number of things,，OK、Calculating mouth、The population of the suffix is ​​a step -level decrease，75%of the total population、52%、33%。These concepts except inherent meaning，It should also be a dividing boundary in the age group。

"Reunion" of "Reunion" is "removing"，"Fukou" in Tangyi County as many as 33094 people，I am afraid that you cannot explain it with a privilege population，and the population that should not be "things"。"Things" "things"，"Serving" also，Ancient notes are "serving，Could also "，Extended as "serving" or "what you take"。Mr. Zhao Shichao thinks，"Everyone has a service" during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties，"Serving" content is all -encompassing，It can be divided into "service" and "tribute"。In this sense,，"Things" is the country。So，Which population does not need to be in the country? Look at the data of "Wanting Book"，Refers to children aged 1-6 and the elderly population exempt from 60 years old。The population of these two ages does not have labor ability or loses labor ability，No in the range of "can be used"。So，At that time, only children of 1-6 years old were called "unparalleled men" and "unable to make women"。

"Things" can use it，"Guangyun" said: "Things，Make also。""，30442 mouth less than the mouth。This description，This "calculation" bet365 live casino games is also a division standard for the age group，That is to reach the legal age, you must "count people"。As for when.，"Hanshu · Gongyu Biography" left us a clue。Yuandi Dynasty，Gongyu believes that the past "the previous" three -year -old child export money，Therefore, the people are heavy difficulties "，It is recommended "Seven years old to remove teeth is export money"，History called "Son of the Emperor's negotiation，Lest the people of the people to produce a seven years old but export money，Since then "。So，The mouth should include the population over 7 years old。According to the records of literature and simple information，The people who are over 15 years old must bear the "small service" or "small 繇"，Explain that 15 years old is the age boundary of the beginning。From this，The 30442 port of the mouth is less than the 30442 port, which is 7-14 years old.。From the beginning, it is necessary to undertake the national service，Then this "calculation" includes paying money、Total number of mouths including money and martial arts。where，7-14 years old to make men pay money，The "Little Weifu" from 15 to Fu Ji began to recruit funds。

Counting the mouth is not equal to the "thing" population，Subtracting and removing the calculation in the calculation mouth is the number of "things" mouth。Since this set of numbers is counting the money collected，So the number of "fixed" ports refers to the number of people who actually pay the benefits。"Calculation" Popular population, regardless of men and women, pay money，Among them, Ding Nan, who is from Fu Ji to the old -fashioned, undertakes conventional military service and martial arts，Not includes Xiao Wei Fu and Women。Little Weifu who undertakes "small service"，Women do not undertake national military service and martial arts in normal conditions。

　　Perspective related system from concept

　"Wanting Book" after the number of "finalizations"，recorded the number of strokes and more strokes in the county。where，"Fan Wage" 21629 people，"Phantoming Old Pie" 2095 people，"See A Pattalum" 19534，"Switching RestamPlay "1431 people，"Ding more" 17383 people，"Verde in January" 1436 people。Calculated，There are two places in this set of data that do not match the data bet365 best casino games given: First, the number of "fixed and more stale" should be "seeing A" (19534) minus the "death removalenvoy "(1431)，That is 18103 people，and this document is recorded as 17,383; the second is that according to the "Book of Books", "Victoring Thousands of Thousands of 6"，This value can only be "fixed and more died".，According to this calculation: "Ding more" (17383) ÷ December = 1448.6，It is also inconsistent with the 1436 people contained in the Wenwen。This may not be simply explained by pen errors，Among them, there must be a mystery that is not familiar with。

According to the author speculation，These two errors may be caused by the processing error caused by the handling of "release" in the post.。According to the document records: "The people's release is unknown to the district household Qian 30，Mouth 3288，Count 2,700，Eighty -hundred people in the death。"" Flowing "also writes" exile "in the literature，This refers to exile sinners or depreciation officials，Here refers to the flowers。Although the people "come and go to the city exile"，But the household registration is still archived in the county and towns，Due to the "release" death, it has been separated from the village control，"Ding more" is not to count it。So，"Ding more" to minus the number of releases，"Seeing A Piece" (19534) minus the "Destroyer RejuvenationA envoy "(1431) minus" Flowing Pass "(820)，that is 17283 people，Copy hand and misunderstand 17383 people (the original 牍 抄 or misunderstanding，Unable to seize it temporarily)。Although it is said，Whether "Dingjia" is 17283 or 17383，Except for 12 months, they are not in line with "January" (1436)。Original，In the "Dingjia Pat in", it also includes the "Fifty -three Old Officials"，According to the regulations of the system，Three Olds of the County "Revitalize戍，"Official Officer" is the so -called "History History"，Shoufu, etc.、Zhu、Study disciples、Shoufu, etc.，牍，That is "Moon Eater"。From this，The second year of Yuanshou (1 BC) in Tangyi County (1 BC), the actual service of the actual service of the more diligently subtracted the "Three Old Officers"，ie 17283 (Dingqi Ding) minus 53 (three veterans)，equal Bet365 app download to 17230 people，Except 12 months，is 1435.8，Zhenghe "Vice Four hundreds of twenty -six 6"。

If the above analysis is established，So some views on the Qin and Han Bingyu system should be re -recognized。According to the statement agreed in the academic community，"More" was interpreted as a martial arts for one month in the county and county，That is, Dong Zhongshu Shang Shu's so -called "Moon is more dwelling"。Now it seems，This question should be reviewed。Erotic theory，Yuelu Academy Tibetan Qin Jian has the use of "戍";，"Building Ship" is counted in more died。visible，Ding Nan whether he is serving or military，Both adopt "more" form，Naturally, it can be called "more death"。To solve the identity of the service period of the Qin and Han military service，I have proposed a hypothesis，Think of the soldiers of the Qin and Han dynasties、徭 徭，Ordinary Ding Nan only served for one year for military service，Materials Officer Cavaliers will take two years of military service in their lives: one year in service，Known as "the Knights of the Cavaliers of the Materials"; I went to Jingshitunwei for a year，Called "Guardian"。"The Book of Book" will list the "Building Ship"，Statistics in the data of "A"，Also counted in "more stroke" data，But it is different from the ordinary "A stroke" and "more stroke"，Enjoy the "Moon Food" treatment。This not only corrects the previous understanding，And it provides new knowledge，"Building Ship" belongs to "Moon Eater"。

Of course，"Wanting Book" still has many problems to be discussed。For example，The number of "January more" recorded in which records the average monthly average of the actual exemption of even more in Tangyi County。This statistical method and writing format，The "Southern County Stroke Book" from the No. 47 Mujin of Ji Nan Songbai, Jingzhou is obviously different。"The Book of the Chinchuang County" should be a summary of the contents of the 17 counties of Daohou country in the county，Its writing format is the number of strokes in each county、More times、Use the number of strokes, etc.。but，"Wanting Book" only has the average number of "month more"。The difference between the two is caused by regional differences，Or did the Bet365 app download service system change after the mid -Western Han Dynasty? Need to explore further。

Discover a lot of information on Jane's information，Creating more and more "new learning" in the study of Qin and Han history。Although these new learning cannot rewrite the context and structure of history as a whole，But is connected to the history of history、Fill in historical blank、The value in the aspects of historical understanding is difficult to estimate。There are always thousands of connections between historical things，According to the existing knowledge and perception of history，For these historical "fragments" through the hypothesis method，Perhaps it can still be stitched。Despite this，Some assumptions After all, there is also a lack of evidence chain.，The opinion proposed needs to be further proved。

(The author is a professor at the School of History and Culture of Northeast Normal University、A special professor of "Changjiang Scholars" of the Ministry of Education)