Total Anti-Japanese War Period，The occupied area occupies almost half of bet365 joining bonus code’s territory。The occupied areas were occupied by Japanese invaders，Another area ruled by the puppet regime，Is an indispensable and important part of the study of the history of the Anti-Japanese War。Since the founding of New bet365 joining bonus code，Academic research on occupied areas continues to deepen。To this，Scholars have sorted out and summarized it。Compared to the occupied areas in Northeast bet365 joining bonus code and the occupied areas in central bet365 joining bonus code，The academic research on the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code is still weak，Needs to be strengthened。End of 1937，The Japanese invaders supported and established the puppet regime and the Provisional Government of the Republic of bet365 joining bonus code，Government includes Hebei、Shandong、Three provinces of Shanxi and Beiping、Tianjin、The vast occupied area of ​​North bet365 joining bonus code including the three "special cities" of Qingdao。Now we will sort out the domestic and foreign developments in the research on the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code and their urban history，To try to explore new ways of studying the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code。

　　Research on the puppet regime in the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code

Academic research on the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code，The first manifestation is the study of the pseudo-regime。Guo Guiru、Zhang Tongle、Feng Hanzhang takes the establishment and demise of the puppet regime in North bet365 joining bonus code as a clue，The politics of the puppet regime、Economy、Military、A relatively systematic explanation of ideological and police activities，Combined the evolution of the puppet regime in North bet365 joining bonus code，Exposed the traitorous face of the puppet regime and its criminal rule over the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code。Zhang Tongle uses a large amount of archival historical materials，The power structure of the puppet regime in North bet365 joining bonus code、Administrative Organization Operation、Systematic research on factions of military and political figures，Towards the occupied areas and provinces of North bet365 joining bonus code、道、County、Investigated the organizational structure and governance measures of the pseudo-regimes at all levels in the "Special City"，Discussed the complex factions of the traitor group。At the same time，There is also an analysis of the Japanese and puppet colonial rule and the anti-Japanese activities in occupied areas。Liu Jingzhong made a relatively systematic review of the puppet regime in North bet365 joining bonus code。Guan Jie in his writings about Japan’s aggression and colonial rule in bet365 joining bonus code，There is also a special chapter on the puppet regime in North bet365 joining bonus code，Puppet policy towards Japan、The establishment of the puppet regime in North bet365 joining bonus code，And the political rule implemented by the puppet regime in North bet365 joining bonus code、Military Rule、A summary of the main activities after enslavement education and the incorporation into the Wang Puppet regime。

Research on regional history in the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code，Under research on provincial-level occupied areas，The more prominent ones are the research on the occupied areas in Hebei by scholars such as Guo Guiru and the research on the occupied areas in Henan by Xie Xiaopeng。In addition，Li Yaxi from the perspective of political system history，Studyed the organizational structure and colonial rule of the provincial puppet regime in the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code represented by Hebei Province。In research on the grassroots pseudo-regime，Zheng Yahong examined the evolution of the pseudo-regime in Ding County, Hebei Province from the pseudo-vigilante to the pseudo-county government and the organizational structure and functions of each stage，And focuses on the ruling system of the Japanese and puppet regime in Dingxian County and its cruel ruling methods，Revealing the Japanese invasion policy of "using bet365 joining bonus code to contain bet365 joining bonus code" and "using war to support war"。Zhang Qing is based on the county-level puppet regime in Hebei Province，Conducted a relatively extensive study on the puppet regime at the county level in the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code。Hao Lili sorted out the Dao-level puppet regime in the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code，Involving organizational setup and operations。

　　Promote relevant bet365 joining bonus code based on specific issues

The academic community has made outstanding achievements in the research of several important issues，Promoted and deepened the research on occupied areas in North bet365 joining bonus code。For example，Ju Zhifen、Zhang Limin discussed Japan’s economic control and plunder in North bet365 joining bonus code in stages，Including major agencies and companies that implement economic control and plunder、Data on major industries and various economic controls and plunders, etc.。Ju Zhifen repays Japan’s control and plunder of North bet365 joining bonus code’s economy from 1935 to 1945，Made a comprehensive summary and research in stages。Wang Shihua Cong Resources、Transportation、Three aspects of finance，To Japan in North bet365 joining bonus code、The economic aggression in Central bet365 joining bonus code has been relatively systematically studied，Wide scope，There is still a lot of room for exploration in terms of research depth。Dai Jianbing’s establishment of Japan’s economic aggression policy in North bet365 joining bonus code and its fiscal and taxation policies in North bet365 joining bonus code、The control and plunder of industry, agriculture, minerals, etc. are all discussed。Exegetical Poetry、Asada Joji、Xiong Dayun and other scholars have discussed Japan’s economic control and plunder in North bet365 joining bonus code。

In terms of grassroots governance，Zhu Dexin’s protection system for the Jidong puppet regime、Cui Yumin conducted an in-depth study on the Baojia system in the occupied areas of Shandong。In terms of opium control and drug epidemic，Eguchi Keiichi Japan in Mongolia、North bet365 joining bonus code、Central bet365 joining bonus code、The opium policy in South bet365 joining bonus code is discussed separately，Especially made a relatively comprehensive discussion on the opium control policy in the Mongolian and Xinjiang regions。Li Enhan in a longer period of time and a wider range，Inspected Japanese drug trafficking activities in occupied areas of bet365 joining bonus code，Including in-depth research on the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code。Li Zhen’s crime of poisoning Japan in Hebei、Lv Tianshi conducted a systematic study on Japan’s “anti-drug” agencies and drug circulation in Tianjin。Chiyuki Uchida made a relatively comprehensive discussion on the Japanese army’s opium management policy in Shanxi。

　　Exposing Japan’s pseudo-slavery bet365 joining bonus code

Slavery education is Japan’s cultural invasion、An important means to implement colonial rule。Guo Guiru takes the enslavement education implemented by the puppet regime in North bet365 joining bonus code as his research object，Examined the pseudo-administrative agencies that promoted enslavement education and the role played by the pseudo-New People's Association，And discusses the enslavement education it promotes with the policy of "pro-Japanese" and "restorative"。Wang Xiancheng discussed the policy of controlling secondary education implemented by the puppet regime in Beijing during the Japanese occupation。Yu Zixia’s vocational education in the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code、Higher education and education in Japan were inspected separately，Promoted research on the enslavement education of the puppet regime in North bet365 joining bonus code。Kawakami Naoe made a relatively comprehensive inspection of Japanese language education in the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code，Highly targeted，It is of great reference significance for studying Japan’s Japanese enslavement education in occupied areas。

As an important political organization of the puppet regime in North bet365 joining bonus code，The Pseudo-New People’s Association is a key research object in academic circles。Zeng Yeying conducted a phased inspection of the Pseudo-New People's Association，A relatively comprehensive discussion of its guiding ideology and main activities in the three stages，clarified the evolution of the pseudo-New People's Association。Wang Qiang’s explanation of the origins of the establishment of the pseudo-New People’s Association、Key personnel、Comprehensive research and discussion on the main activities in each period，Completed the first research monograph on the pseudo-New People's Association。Jiang Pei conducted a longitudinal review of the five "security strengthening campaigns" implemented by the Japanese and puppets in the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code，Clear the ins and outs，Let’s start with the specific contents of “political warfare”, “economic warfare”, “military warfare” and “ideological warfare” respectively，A horizontal analysis of the specific measures and effects of "governing luck"。

Most of this type of research starts from specific problems，Deepened the research on the puppet regime in North bet365 joining bonus code from different aspects。However，Some works deepen the research on a specific aspect，It will inevitably break the internal connections in the occupied areas，It’s hard to see the whole thing but only see a speck。Some studies regard the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code as a unified whole，Thus, there is insufficient attention to the differences and implementation levels between the grassroots pseudo-regimes in different regions，Ignores local differences and many historical details。

　　bet365 joining bonus code the history of cities in occupied areas

In the research of "Special City" and its pseudo-regime，Guo Guiru made a relatively comprehensive investigation and discussion of the pseudo-Tianjin Vigilante Committee。Zhao Xiuning and Chen Meixi respectively vs. Qingdao、The puppet regime in the two "special cities" in Tianjin conducted a relatively comprehensive inspection，Involving the evolution of the organizational structure of the pseudo-regime such as the "Special City" and the pseudo-city office and its role in politics、Economy、Main activities in society and other aspects，But the focus is not entirely on the Japanese and puppet urban rule。Research on specific issues，Wei Po investigated the coal shortage in Beiping during the Japanese occupation、The Japanese and puppet measures and the coal industry’s response，Reflecting the deep-seated contradictions of Japanese and puppet colonial rule and the disaster it caused to the city。Liu Dake studied the expansion activities of Japanese industrial capital in Qingdao。Sun Xingxing gave an overview of Japan’s colonial education activities in Qingdao during the Japanese occupation。Yang Lei、The master’s thesis of Chen Liang and others involves the urban planning and construction of Qingdao during the Japanese occupation、Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases、Public health education and other specific issues。Ren Yunlan discussed the public health management and epidemic prevention agencies of the Japanese and puppets in Tianjin during the occupation period, as well as their management regulations and specific activities，Revealing the characteristics of its colonial activities。It can be said，Some research has gone deep into the history of Japanese and puppet urban rule in the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code，And achieved good results。But，Just start from a certain angle or problem，Not only is it difficult to reflect the entire history of Japanese and puppet urban rule，And it is hardly proportional to the scale of urban rule by the Japanese and puppets in the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code。

In comparison，Comprehensive research on the history of Japanese and puppet urban rule in the occupied areas is still more focused on Shanghai in the occupied areas of central bet365 joining bonus code、Nanjing and other important cities。Li Jun conducted a relatively comprehensive study on the actual state of Japanese and puppet rule over Shanghai，Jing Shenghong conducted a comprehensive study on Nanjing and its colonial society under the Japanese and puppet rule。In European and American circles，Fu Baoshi、Fredric Evans Wakeman, Jr.）、Parks M. Coble）、Wang Kewen、The research on Shanghai during the occupation by Joshua Fogel and others is fascinating。Bu Zhengmin (T. Brook)’s research presents Zhenjiang、Complex pictures of Nanjing and other cities during their fall。These studies provide a basis and reference for deepening the study of the history of Japanese and puppet urban rule in occupied areas。

In citizen bet365 joining bonus code，Zhai Yizi explored the daily life of Taiyuan citizens during the occupation period。Scholars such as Li Bingkui and Wei Po use the diaries of young people in occupied areas，To Peking、The living conditions and psychological state of urban youth in Shanghai and other places have been investigated to varying degrees。Li Peilin studied the demographic changes and urban life in Nanjing during the Japanese occupation，Including account changes、Household registration management and citizens’ employment、Life and other issues。Ma Junya’s bet365 joining bonus code shows how Nanjing citizens survived，We still have to endure the loss of livelihood、The pain of life due to soaring prices and the psychological state of fear of living under Japanese rule。Zhang Fuyun from ordinary vendors、Intellectuals、Lower citizens and other groups start with it，Discussed the situation of Nanjing citizens during the Japanese occupation。These studies have expanded the bet365 joining bonus code field on the history of Japanese and puppet urban rule in occupied areas，Enriched the bet365 joining bonus code aspect，It also highlights the bet365 joining bonus code potential of the history of occupied areas。

　　bet365 joining bonus code a lot of room for expansion

In summary，Domestic and foreign academic circles have achieved rich results in their research on the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code，But there is still a lot of room for expansion，What is more prominent is the lack of research on the history of Japanese and puppet urban rule。The city is the center of Japanese and puppet rule in the occupied areas，It is the central point where the Japanese and puppets occupied and implemented rule over the occupied areas。Japanese and puppet control and rule of the city，In sharp contrast to the great development of the rural anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines of the Chinese Communist Party。In existing research on the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code，Although many issues involve the history of Japanese and puppet urban rule，But failed to highlight its "urbanity"，There is even a lack of comprehensive research。It can be said，Research on the history of Japanese and puppet urban rule in the occupied areas of North bet365 joining bonus code is still very weak，Whether it is Peiping as a "special city"、Tianjin、Qingdao，It is also the provincial capital city Jinan、Taiyuan、Baoding，And various local cities，Basically not fully and effectively researched。Therefore，We urgently need to highlight the research on key cities，While showing the "common characteristics" of Japanese and puppet urban rule，Explore the “personality” of its rule in different cities，Open up a new situation in the study of the history of Japanese and puppet urban rule。

From a research perspective，Existing research mostly focuses on the puppet regime in North bet365 joining bonus code and several important issues，Insufficient attention to the operation and actual governance of local and grassroots pseudo-regimes，Research on people’s life history is even rarer，Ignores rich historical details and regional differences。This requires us，We must make breakthroughs in research methods，Cannot be limited to traditional political history、Economic history and other paths，But to enrich research orientation。We must not only broaden social history、Cultural History、Life history and other research paths，Still modernizing、Promoting research from the perspective of colonialism and other theories，And then promote cooperation with Japan in North Korea、A horizontal comparative study of the colonial rule of Taiwan, bet365 joining bonus code。

　(This article is a phased result of the later-stage general project funded by the National Social Science Fund "bet365 joining bonus code the Real Status of Japanese and Puppet Ruled Qingdao During the Comprehensive Anti-Japanese War" (21FZSB014)

(The author is a lecturer at the School of bet365 joining bonus code and Culture, Hebei Normal University)