The Soviet government of the Central Soviet District Township (referred to as "Township and Soviet") for the first time in Chinese history to sink the state power to the first level of the township，But the staff of the living expenses of the Township Soviet Union does not exceed 3 people。Therefore，Rural Political Economy、Cultural Education、Social Governance、Military Defense and other affairs，All need to rely on the huge rural organization network and a solid mass foundation。For this，The Chinese Communist Party established in the Central Soviet Area with the party organization as the core、The group organization led by the party is auxiliary forces、The concentric circle structure rely on rural society，Realize the diversified condensation and integration of rural society。

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Early stage of creation of the Central Soviet Area，The proportion of the workers and peasants of most grass -roots party organizations is low，The working ability and theoretical level of party members and cadres are limited，The lack of targeted and effectiveness for party branch activities。The Communist Party of China has strengthened the construction of local party organizations in the Central Soviet Area，The political direction of the rural revolution and construction is guaranteed。

Enhance the class foundation of party governance。The class composition of the party member team is directly related to the nature of the party，In order to improve the proportion of the workers and peasants of the grass -roots party organizations，Ensure that the party's "Bolshevik"，The Communist Party of China has stepped up to propagate the party constitution and party platform in the Central Soviet Area，Bet365 app download Documents and announcements such as the "Call of September 18th of the Central Committee" and "Call of September 18th" of the Central Government，Key to absorb workers、Poor farmers、hiring farmers to join the party，Enhance the class foundation of party governance。

Improve the political quality and work ability of party members and cadres。Only improving the political quality and working ability of party members (especially party members and cadres)，The Communist Party of China can better take root in rural society in politics。For this，The Communist Party of China founded a cadre school and various training courses in the Central Soviet Area，Promoting the party's thoughts and policies，Armed the brain of party members and cadres with Marxist theory。The Central Soviet Area also encourages party members and cadres to go deep into the countryside to conduct investigations and research，Understand the economic production of the Soviet Area、Social Development、Customs and people's feelings，Ability to improve party members and cadres' theory。Central Soviet Area also promulgated rules and regulations such as "Government Staff To Steady Study" and "New Party Member Training Outline"，Establishing political courses、Talking collectively、Personal conversation and other learning systems，Gradually normalize the learning of party members and the training of party members and cadres、Standardized、institutionalization。The political quality and work ability of party members and cadres，The key to the core of the Chinese Communist Party established in the countryside。

Strengthen the construction of grassroots party branches。Branch is the party's organization foundation，is a serial of the party and the masses，It is a strong fighting fortress for the party's leadership。Early stage of the establishment of the Central Soviet Area，Many local party branches are similar to，Branch meeting and branch resolution flow in form。Ren Bishi pointed out，Bet365 lotto review The branch cannot play a role "is the main reason why the party cannot organize and mobilizes armed leaders to participate in the current war"。So，The Communist Party of China takes party and mass relations as the incision，The issue of the branch meeting should be in line with the actual situation，Delivery time to avoid farming，The implementation of the resolution must respect the wishes of the people。Construction of grass -roots party branches in the Central Soviet Area，Improving the relationship between party and mass，The party's leadership was further established in the countryside，Created a strong fighting fortress。

Absorb the work and peasant class to join the party、Improve the political quality and work ability of party members and cadres、Strengthen the construction of grassroots party branches，Help the Chinese Communist Party established the core of leadership in the countryside of the Central Soviet Area，The political direction of the rural revolution and construction is guaranteed。

　　Group organizations activate the effectiveness of rural governance

Central Soviet District Group Organization Gathering the people of the Soviet District，Communicate the relationship between party and mass，Fill the clan rights brought by social transformation、The rural power of the rural power left by the gentleman power。In the process of assisting the grassroots social governance process，Group organizations have also trained a number of backbone forces，Provide cadre reserves and talent protection for the Soviet revolution and construction。

Gathering people。Huang Zhizhen recalled in "Talking about Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangan Lao Base"，After the expansion of the Soviet Area, "More than 80 percent of each village participated in the mass organization"。Through many group organizations，The Communist Party of China woven a web in the countryside，will be decentralized、Individual villagers gather around the party and the government。As Xu Xiangqian bet365 Play online games said, "Organization is cohesion"，Group organizations closely have the relationship between the party and the government and the people，Stimulated the consciousness of the protagonist who participated in the Soviet Revolution and Construction，Promoting the development of the Soviet cause。April 25, 1933，Chiang Kai -shek said that the group organizations in the Central Soviet Area let the Communist Party of China allow the Chinese Communist Party to "one person can be used as ten people"，calling on the Kuomintang to follow the Chinese Communist Party。

Auxiliary grassroots social governance。Group organizations not only upload the local people's conditions to upload the party and the township Soviet government，It is also an important "pusher" for the implementation of the party and government decision -making。Comrade Mao Zedong in "How to work in the Township Soviet?" "Pointing out，Township Soviet relies on group organizations to "mobilize the general public to complete various revolutionary work"。The group also assumes the responsibility of supervising the party and the government，To a certain extent, the formalism of the party and the government、bureaucracy style。Visible，Group organizations are important pillars for the formulation and implementation of the party and Soviet government decision -making，Its "uploading and down" function is directly related to the Soviet revolution and power construction。1933，The Second Workers and Farmers' Congress of Jiangxi Province has summarized it，"Places where mass groups are not strong，The development of Soviet work is also weak "。The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China also frankly，No group organization "cannot realize the real Soviet regime"。

Provide talent reserves for the party and government system in the Soviet area。The establishment and operation of the group organization requires a group of backbone party members and the masses Bet365 app download activists，They allow the Soviet Union to "mobilize the masses to complete the tasks given by the party and the central government"。To work better，The backbone of the group actively participated in the training of the township and Soviet conferences and the cadre school，Constantly improving political literacy。They also constantly reflect on the work experience of the masses，Improve the working ability of the masses。They also actively carry out social surveys，Enhance the revolutionary mobilization ability。So，The backbone force trained by the group organization，Provided talent reserves for the party and government system in the Soviet area。

Group organizations fully mobilize social resources，Activate the governance vitality of social subjects，Incorporate the majority of rural society into the national social governance category，Explore effective ways to explore the social governance of the Central Soviet Area。

　Planting the foundation of the local society

The Communist Party of China and the Soviet regime can take root in the countryside，It also originated from its good at a foothold，Integrated rural resources，The foundation of the masses。

Ask the people。Early stage of the creation of the Central Soviet Area，Most local party branches are just forwarded by superiors、Command，Can't according to the hometown、Effective work of the people's conditions。Comrade Mao Zedong in "How to work in the Township and Su?" Call for，The Township Soviet Presidium must understand the situation and characteristics of each village，"Promote the work of the villages according to the actual situation and characteristics of each village，Solve the difficulties of the people in each village "。Therefore，The Communist Party of China constantly advocates that grassroots cadres must be based on local，Pay attention to investigation research，Ask the people。If Mao Zedong in 1930、Deng Zi is resumed in a wide range of investigations in the western and western Fujian south of Ganwan，Ask the Bet365 app download people，Summarize "Pump more supplements、Land distribution policy of pumping fat "，Fighting the understanding and support of the general public，It has an important impact on land reform。

The foundation of the masses。The Communist Party of China and the Soviet government strive to stand on the characteristics of villagers and rural society，The mass foundation that consolidates grassroots social governance。If the party and the government face the clan organization，Efforts based on local society，Different the attitude of different clan treating the Soviet Revolution，By borrowing the characteristics of the clan to integrate the psychology and emotion of the masses，Remove its localism、feudalism and other backward factors，From the economic foundation、Cultural identity and other levels to transform the clan organization。Based on the place，Respect local traditions and carry out Soviet -style transformation，Make the Soviet regime deep into the countryside at a faster speed，Get the people's understanding and support，helps the Soviet regime consolidation。

The Communist Party of China has strengthened the core leadership of the party organization，Ensure the political direction of the rural revolution and construction of the Central Soviet Area; by establishing and leading various group organizations，Activate the governance vitality of social subjects，Optimize the governance effect with multiple governance models;，Ask the people，The mass foundation of the Soviet regime。From this，The Communist Party of China has established the party organization as the core in the Central Soviet Area，Auxiliary forces led by party leaders，The concentric circle structure based on rural society，Realize the effective integration of the party to rural society。

　　(This article is the National Social Science Fund project "Collection of historical materials for grass -roots social governance of the Central Soviet District Township Township、Organization and Research (1931-1934) "(22BKS062) phased results)

(Author is an associate professor of Marxist College of Xiamen Institute of Technology)