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Western Marxist scholars facing the theoretical creation formed by constantly changing capitalist society，provides a critical theoretical vision and rich theoretical resources for the development of Marxist theory in the 21st century。The social critical theory of the Frankfurt School is the theoretical task of critical capitalist society.，After the first generation of Hawkeheimer、Abado、The theoretical foundation of the theory of Marcass and others，The important development of scholars such as Habermas and other scholars，continuing to scholars such as Hogeite and other scholars in the third generation，Achieved a unique research method of the Frankfurt School，The academic spirit of independent criticism of the Frankfurt School，It is the unique theoretical characteristics of the Frankfurt School in Western Marxism research。The overall principles of critical theory from the Frankfurt School of Society、Departure of negative progress and subjective practice，Not only can you fully outline the theoretical appearance of the critical theory of Frankfurt Social Society，It also provides us with a critical vision of the current situation of the development of western capitalist society from the side。

　　The integrity principle of social critical theory

Critical thinking is unique to philosophy、Go beyond the way of thinking that other knows，Church to Hegel，Reason critical method becomes the main method of constructive philosophy。For Marxism，Criticism is not a way of speculation in conceptual philosophy theory，but the theoretical weapon that exposes social reality。The object of Marxist critical theory is not concept，but social reality，The theoretical task is not to construct a new concept system，Instead, the reality of the reality provided to Marxism transforms the world。Frankfurt School bet365 Play online games inherits the critical spirit of Marxism，The theory of criticizing society is the main task of its theoretical research，and formed the theory of overall social critical theory，The basic principles of the overall establishment as the basic principles of their social critical theory。

Frankfurt School critical theory was influenced by Western Marxist's early representative of Lucic's materialization theory and the social analysis theory of Max Weber, which was popular at the time，Hemkheimer, the formal founder of its formal founder in the article "Traditional theory and Critical Theory"，Determined the outline of social critical theory，It is clear that the purpose of criticism of critical theory is not just the growth knowledge itself，Its goal is to liberate people from slavery。The fundamental difference between critical theory is different from the traditional theory lies in inheriting the practical purpose of the Marxist transformation world，Not affordability、The knowledge of the same sexual thinking growth society，Instead of a negative、Non -same -sex thinking Criticize social reality，Then try to provide a new thinking about the ideal society。visible，Traditional theory aims to explain the world，Provide discourse support for the real world; and critical theory aims to transform the world，Provide the theoretical weapons for the transformation of the world。The purpose of transforming the world is to develop the world，Critical theory is the theoretical form that promotes development。

Hawkheimer further pointed out in the speech by the director of the Frankfurt Research Institute，The task of critical theory of Frankfurt School，First, the task of critical society，It must be constructed to build a multidisciplinary cross、The overall academic research system of cross -domain research; the second is the task of transforming society，Must outline a clarification society、The overall ideal social picture of the bet365 Play online games relationship between economic and consciousness。Facing the grand theoretical tasks and huge practical objects，Frankfurt School formed a integrated social criticism that is different from other critical theories，It is believed that the society as a research object is integrated，The research method should follow the integrity，Research characteristics will inevitably show integrity。Public society criticism first understands society as a whole，Starting from the sensual activity of the entire society from emotional people to produce historical lifestyles，generated a set of social operation system。So，Honorized Social Criticism is to use the person who is a producer of their own historical lifestyle as a research object，Not mechanically、Simply to all aspects of society、Integration of criticism in various fields，but the system、History、Understand the generation of society as a whole。So，Make social critical theory from structural critical to systematic critical，From mandatory critical to productive critical，Criticism from multiple fields to logical criticism，Try to find connection、Generation、Key links hidden in the overall operation of society，Then complete the purpose of finding the social critical theory of transforming the practical path of the world。

　Negative evolution of social critical theory

Negative dialectics is the basic method of internal follow -up of social critical theory，essentialness is a kind of non -the same negative thinking that is different from traditional metaphysical dialectics.。Negative dialectics enables the Frankfurt School not only to hold a negative attitude towards the capital logic of technology rational，At the same time, look at everything that exists in society with a negative attitude，I even try to go to the non -the same nature of the words。Therefore，Frankfurt School critical theory must be accompanied by changing social reality and constantly changing research objects，Then constantly deny your theory、bet365 live casino games Promoting the evolution of its own theory。Observing the theoretical evolution of critical theory of Frankfurt Society，Social critical theories at different stages also have mutual criticism，For example, Habermas's criticism of Hawkheimer's "experience and specifications"。visible，Negative dialectics has become a methodological basis for the development of critical theoretical development of Frankfurt Society in reality and theory。

The third -generation main scholar of the Frankfurt School, Hogenite, in the book "Critical Critical -Several Historical Phase of Social Critical Theory Reflection"，From the historical evolution of sorting the theory of social critical theory，Try to find the evolution logic and substantive core of the inherent elaboration of social critical theory。Frankfurt School Criticism Theory mainly experienced three stages，In the first stage, Hawkheimer、Abado、Malkase, etc. It is represented，The overall principles and negative dialectical methodology of the foundation of the foundation of society，Pind the spear head of society to culture、Ideology、Technical reason and other concepts。The second stage is represented by Habermas and others，Start turning to discourse critical，Try to build a new reasonable discourse in the rationality of the relationship。The third stage is represented by Holytt and others，Gradually deepen power criticism，Try to dissecting the law of the operation of capital power，Use recognition theoretical exploration of ideal social order。Frankfurt School Criticism Theory gradually moved towards the public in the Western Student Movement of the 1960s，Social impact，Malcuscer becomes a well -known student movement spiritual leader，Habermas becomes a public intellectual。After the failure of the school movement，Main scholars in the Frankfurt School began to interpret the theoretical return theory of social movement，Social critical theory has gradually changed from negative bet365 live casino games criticism to non -the same sex construction theoretical steering。

Hardeut further pointed out，The nucleus that runs through the logic of the evolution of social critical theory is essentially criticism of power。How to evolve in the object of social critical theory，Its critical purpose always revolves around the power logic of the overall operation of the capitalist society，Try to find the carrier that impacts the impact of capital power、Methods and substances，Then look for the practical path of the discourse and power operation of power to eliminate power。In social critical theory，Power reflects the relationship between power，Power Relations Reflecting Social Relations，Therefore, the inherent mechanism of social organizations and its overall operation system finally revealed。This can be seen，The Frankfurt School uses negative dialectics to promote social critical theory from conceptual criticism、Dialogue critical to power and constantly deepen，Finally, from negative bet365 live casino games criticism to non -the same sex construction，It is necessary to constantly debug the practical solution of the transforming world that is compatible with it，Gradually shifted from the student movement against the society to the subjective practice of self -technology。

　The subjective practice of social critical theory

Western Marxism provides a critical vision for observing the capitalist society within the capitalist society。In the historical evolution of critical objects of social critical theory of Frankfurt School，Side reflects the continuous evolution of the internal contradictions of modern western capitalist society。

Frankfurt School based on the overall social critical theory，Establishing a unique practical logic that is different from the practice of the classic Marxist transformation world practice。This practical logic explores the practical path of building a human social form，By the formation of a overall social criticism，Starting point is always based on the concept of bet365 live casino games subverting the order of social rule，Practical logic focusing on rebuilding the subjective。This subjective practice path，Social critical theory with the Frankfurt School with the early humanistic tendency of Marxism，In its theoretical resources，Always participate in the metaphysical foundation of existentialism，and psychoanalysis school、Romantic School、Color of survival theory，The evolution of critical theory of Frankfurt School of Social Society seems to be a realistic change in the operation of capitalist social power，And the actual critical object is always abstract social consciousness system，The object of practice is always an abstract main concept system。

After the failure of the Western student movement in the 1960s，Frankfurt scholars gradually realized，Although social critical theory is not a positive theory，It provides ideological concepts that reject realistic ideology，But its actual impact can only be generated in the ideological concept，Material power that cannot resist the power of capital，It is also difficult to get rid of the social consciousness control of capital logic，In the end, it cannot inspire the overall transformation of society、Material、Practical power。Frankfurt School Criticism Theory began to resort to discourse reconstruction to achieve the subjective reconstruction，Try to cultivate new subjects as material power to transform the world。From this，The practical method of guidance of the theoretical guidance of the Frankfurt School of Social Criticism is from Marxism to the objective world，Transformation to transform the subjective world，Gradually becoming the subjective philosophy of reconstruction from the subject of rational rationality。This eventually led to the subjective practice of the Frankfurt Social Criticism theory into a self -cultivation of the subjective cultivation，Become a self -spiritual world with utopian colors outside the real world。

(This article is the Bet365 lotto review National Social Science Fund general project "Research on Contemporary French Literature Community" (20BZW036)、Central university basic scientific research business fees project "Xi Jinping's philosophical research of original socialist ideological contribution of socialism in the new era" (2662022Myyj009) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: Political and Cultural Research Center of Huazhong Agricultural University)