China is the largest developing country in the world,It was also the country with the largest number of poor people。More than 40 years of reform and opening up,Our country has made great achievements in anti-poverty,Made important contributions to the global anti-poverty cause。March 6,General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in his important speech at the symposium on decisive battle against poverty: “The work of bet365 joining bonus code is extremely arduous,The final year was affected by the epidemic again,All tasks are heavier、More demanding。We must not forget our original intention、Keep your mission in mind,Strong confidence、Struggle tenaciously,Winning the overall victory in the fight against poverty,Resolutely complete this mission for the Chinese nation、A great cause of great significance to mankind!”2020 is the final year for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects。Except per capita income indicator,One of the main indicators of "moderate prosperity" is to eliminate all "poor people"。Only this goal is achieved,This is the realization of a moderately prosperous society in the true sense。However,Achieving this goal is difficult,It is more difficult to achieve high quality,That’s why it’s called “bet365 joining bonus code”。For a small number of poor people,Even direct fiscal transfer payments can help them get rid of poverty on time,But this is not considered “high-quality bet365 joining bonus code”。What is “high quality” to achieve “bet365 joining bonus code”?It needs to meet two requirements: First, the people who have been lifted out of poverty not only do not return to poverty but can continue to get rich;Second, no new poor people will be created。To achieve the goal of bet365 joining bonus code with high quality,We need to pay attention to four aspects of "support"。
Supported by educational bet365 joining bonus code and human capital investment
Generally speaking,The urban poor and the poor in relatively developed areas are a minority,bet365 joining bonus code through education for these people,Mainly labor skills training for adults,That is, to make it have a skill,Won’t lose your job。For minor children in families of this type of people,Mainly to ensure that after completing basic education,If you do not receive general higher education,Can receive certain vocational training,So that you can find a job smoothly;Those who can be admitted to university,The government’s student financial aid policy system should ensure that students complete their studies,The family cannot return to poverty due to education。For contiguous poor areas (districts and counties)、Township),The focus is on the popularization and quality of basic education,Including the quality of teaching staff、Construction of hardware and software infrastructure for primary and secondary schools。This is to ensure that poor areas get rid of poverty and become rich、Fundamental measures for long-term development,Also inclusive、The most efficient human capital investment。On this basis,Children who do not receive ordinary higher education,After graduating from elementary school and junior high school,You can receive another year of vocational training on an inclusive basis,That is, we can consider implementing the “9+1” compulsory education model in these areas。For some minority poor areas,We also need to pay attention to “language bet365 joining bonus code”,So that children in these areas can learn more and better common languages。Learn the national language well,It can enable them to inherit national culture,And maintain cultural diversity;Learn common language well,can enable them to operate more broadly、Employment in more advanced industrial fields,It is beneficial for them to go out,It is also beneficial to the development of the region。
Supported by bet365 joining bonus code system construction
For contiguous poor areas,There may be many reasons for falling behind。Among them,One of the most important reasons is poor infrastructure。Good infrastructure system,It is the basic support or basic condition for economic and social development。Strengthen infrastructure construction,It is necessary to consider three aspects as a whole: First, strengthen the construction of educational infrastructure,This is the most fundamental,Previous infrastructure construction often did not include it。In other words,Both education hardware infrastructure and software infrastructure should be paid attention to。Poverty、The biggest difference between underdeveloped areas and developed areas,It is reflected in these aspects。The second is to strengthen traditional infrastructure construction,Including productive and daily life,Rutong、Open water、Power on、Heating、Toilet and other sewage treatment, etc.。The past few decades,The country has made great efforts in this regard,There has been a great improvement,But the efficiency still needs to be improved,Mainly because most of the poor areas are mountainous areas,Same road、Railway、Pipeline and other mileage,Constrained by topography and dispersed living,It is much less effective in these areas。Therefore,Need to coordinate construction、Improve efficiency。The third is to pay attention to modern infrastructure,Mainly information infrastructure construction。Although it is more important than traditional infrastructure,But there is also an issue of economies of scale and improved efficiency。For this,These three aspects of infrastructure construction can be considered as a whole with the new rural construction and rural revitalization strategies。Renovation of farmhouses in rural areas, eviction of villages, and moderate immigration, etc.,Can achieve moderate concentration of residents,As a result, the cost of construction of various production and living infrastructure will be greatly reduced,Improved economies of scale。The construction of educational infrastructure also has the same problem,The merger of primary and secondary schools within certain limits,It is also conducive to improving the economies of scale of investment。Also,You can also build infrastructure through “relief for work”、Combining rural revitalization strategy and targeted bet365 joining bonus code。First, arrange certain infrastructure projects in a targeted manner、Poverty-stricken areas that can play a greater role;The second is for some parts of some projects,Adopt the "relief-for-work" approach,Priority is given to recruiting workers from poor families,And incorporate corresponding assistance and relief bet365 joining bonus code funds into infrastructure investment。
Supported by industrial bet365 joining bonus code
bet365 joining bonus code through education and human capital makes economic development the most important factor of production,Investment in infrastructure enables public material capital or basic material conditions for economic development。But,To get rid of poverty with high quality and achieve wealth through sustainable development,Poverty-stricken areas must have industrial development;Otherwise,Investment in education and public infrastructure may not achieve the expected results,Thereby wasting investment。If education and public infrastructure have to rely on government investment through non-market means,Industrial development must mainly rely on the role of market mechanisms,The government can only provide moderate guidance;Otherwise,The industry cannot grow,The enterprise cannot survive or cannot survive well。For what industries to develop and how to develop them,We can only propose general principles,If appropriate to local conditions、Principle of acting within one’s capabilities, etc.。The government can have supportive industrial policies,But the focus of the policy is not specific industries、Company and products,But the quality and structure of production factors。The vast majority of poor areas are in rural areas,Agricultural development is the most basic anyway、The most important。The key is to use existing resources、Utilize modern agricultural technology and information technology,Improve agricultural productivity and quality of agricultural products、Lengthening the agricultural industry chain,Diversify agricultural business、Increase the added value of agriculture,Make agriculture profitable、Farmers can make money。Industrial revitalization in the rural revitalization strategy,For most areas,It is also the revitalization of agriculture,This is the need for the stable development of the national economy,Also the most reliable and feasible。
Supported by a high-quality bet365 joining bonus code
The ultimate protection for the poor is the social security system,Especially the social assistance system,This is the ultimate support。Therefore,In order to ensure social stability after the goal of bet365 joining bonus code is achieved,A high-quality social security system must be established and improved。China is a developing country with a large population,It is very effective in this regard,But public welfare benefits for certain groups of people are too high,Needs moderate adjustment,The social assistance system for low-income people also needs to be improved。However,Even the basic social assistance system,We also need to pay attention to two aspects: First, the guarantee standard must be moderate,Only basic living security,Neither too high,Not too low;Second, the number of recipients cannot be too large。If there are too many people in need of assistance based on reasonable standards,Explains the poor implementation of our other bet365 joining bonus code measures;If the protection standard is too high and the number of rescuers is too high,Not only will it increase the financial burden、Reducing productive spending and affecting long-term economic growth,And it will have the effect of "negative incentives" (that is, "raising lazy people")。China is still a developing country with a large population,Generally speaking, it can only be regarded as a middle-income country。On the one hand,The people have higher and higher expectations for public welfare and social security,And it has the characteristics of rigidity that can be increased but not decreased;On the other hand,The national finance does not yet have sufficient financial resources to meet the expectations of the people。Therefore,Need to strengthen the management of public welfare expectations of the people, especially low-income groups or poor groups。Otherwise,May fall into the so-called "middle-income trap" (essentially a "public welfare trap")。
Also,Sudden COVID-19 epidemic,This has caused a certain impact on China’s short-term economic operation,Will it affect our goal of alleviating poverty and achieving a moderately prosperous society in all respects?Because the epidemic affects the start of work、Influence on employment、Affected income,But "impacting income" is not equivalent to "impacting bet365 joining bonus code" and "comprehensive moderate prosperity"。actually,Our country has mainly relied on measures to increase public infrastructure investment to maintain economic growth,The economic growth target for 2020 is estimated to be achieved in the following period。Since it can ensure the realization of economic growth goals,Generally, employment can be guaranteed,Thus ensuring income growth。At the same time,We must also pay attention to the structural impact of the epidemic,Mainly involving poor areas, poor people and low-income groups。Among them,The income loss of some people may not be able to make up for it in the future,If there are no other measures,Their income reduction will directly affect the realization of bet365 joining bonus code goals and moderately prosperous goals to a certain extent。Therefore,Some special relief or support measures need to be taken for these groups。
Anyway,We should focus on educational development and human capital investment、Infrastructure system construction、Industrial development and high-quality social security system work together in four aspects,Ensure high-quality realization of bet365 joining bonus code goals。
(The author is a “Changjiang Scholar” Distinguished Professor of the Ministry of bet365 joining bonus code,Dean of the Economic Research Institute of Shandong University、Professor)