Youth work has increasingly become one bet365 sportsbook review most important undertakings for the party and the country。May 2022，The Party History and Literature Research Institute bet365 sportsbook review Central Committee bet365 sportsbook review Communist Party of China edited and published a special collection of General Secretary Xi Jinping's essays "On the Party's Youth Work"，Profoundly clarified the status and role bet365 sportsbook review party’s youth work、Target mission、Responsibilities, missions, practical requirements, etc.。Today, with the rapid economic and social changes，Discuss and pay attention to youth issues，It has important theoretical and practical significance for youth career development and social prosperity and stability。

A core issue in current global social sciences，It is the focus on the structural changes in contemporary youth，And this attention is also significantly changing people’s cognition，As a result, people increasingly regard youth as a social group as the latest type of subject covered by the concept of "social vulnerability"。Before Youth Group，Socially vulnerable groups that are identified earlier and more easily recognized，Mainly the elderly、Children、Women wait culturally、Groups that are socially and physically dependent，Or people with disabilities、Rare disease patients、Specific welfare loss groups such as middle- and lower-class immigrants who cross cultural boundaries。In comparison，Young people because of their physiological problems、Relative social and cultural advantage—physically more mature、Complete，The society has acquired necessary and updated social norms and human capital due to the completion bet365 sportsbook review primary socialization process，And culturally, through various transitional rituals, it has gained adult status—and has become the latest human replacement resource that each society relies on，It is difficult to apply the label "vulnerable"。What’s more，As mobile Internet and artificial intelligence technology increasingly penetrate and transform various institutionalized activities (such as production and transactions、Administration and Governance、Wars and conflicts、Leisure and entertainment、On the occasion of religion and belief, etc.，Young people have gained relative structural advantages due to their “cultural feedback” status。At the same time，With the expansion of mass education，Human resource characteristics and professionalism have increasingly become more sensitive judgment criteria in the labor market，Young people seem to be more likely to benefit from these two major structural changes。Therefore，For the global social sciences to pay attention to the issue of "social vulnerability" among young people，We must give more empirical evidence，And these empirical evidence must also be in the context bet365 sportsbook review latest global structural change trends，In order to gain a more complete understanding。Overall，Global structural changes show the following three important trends。

First, the changes in global capitalism and the transformation of labor。Global capitalism enters a new stage，More financialization、Technology，More inclined to maintain absolute profit levels through conflicting means and zero-sum game model。This has a big impact on the labor market，Making the form of labor more fluid、Characteristics of instability and informality，Specifically manifested as unstable employment、Prosumers unite、Microscopic phenomena such as labor outsourcing and algorithmic control。The labor market faced by young people，In Western industrialized societies，Exhibited by the weakening of trade union protection、Loss of employment opportunities and direct decline in returns to labor，In developing countries and countries in transition, it is manifested as underemployment and unstable employment。A parallel phenomenon，It means that the bet365 sportsbook review transition period for young people from education to the labor market is gradually lengthening，Thus entering a long "bet365 sportsbook review waiting" cycle。

The second is discrimination and institutional exclusion in cross-cultural spatial mobility。From the beginning bet365 sportsbook review industrialization era，The working population begins to gradually shift from agriculture、Transformation of primary industries such as mining into manufacturing and service industries，Hence the cross-continental immigration wave that began at the end bet365 sportsbook review 19th century。The most typical contemporary cross-continental migration，Immigrants from the West Indies or North Africa in cosmopolitan cities such as London and Paris，and the most recent period，War refugees from war zones on the streets of Germany。It can be said，The above-mentioned waves of cross-continental immigrant youth have encountered cultural and institutional adaptation problems in their respective countries of residence，Thus falling into various primary or secondary situations of relative deprivation，And ultimately create a collective sense of rebellion and will to resist。

Third, the financial situation bet365 sportsbook review older generation is better than that bet365 sportsbook review younger generation。Whether it is a developed industrialized country，It is still a rising emerging market country like China，There are many perspectives to examine the relationship between generations，One of them is the financial perspective。First，From the perspective of intergenerational relationships in a single country，The financial situation of American baby boomers is better than X、Gen Y and Z are in a much better financial position，Because of its relatively generous pension plan，and overall income from real estate and financial investments，Probably much higher than in subsequent generations。Secondly，The neoliberal turn in North America and Europe since the 1980s，The essence is also，The practice of welfare capitalism in the industrialized countries bet365 sportsbook review Global North cannot be sustained due to the fiscal crisis，As a result, it must rely more on market operations to replace the welfare supply bet365 sportsbook review system。Therefore，The welfare status bet365 sportsbook review young generation has been significantly negatively affected by this overall policy orientation。final，In the process of China’s housing marketization，The home ownership rate of urban older generations is much higher than that bet365 sportsbook review current young generation，Therefore they are more beneficiaries bet365 sportsbook review housing market reform，The younger generation will continue to bear the economic and financial pressure caused by rising lifestyle costs (especially housing costs)。

Judging from the above three global structural trends，Contemporary Chinese youth also face “social vulnerability”。First，In the process of transitioning from the education field to the work field，They encountered the destabilization and informal transformation bet365 sportsbook review labor market，Leading to prominent youth employment problem。Secondly，In the dimension of urban-rural inequality，Decivilized treatment plus other dimensions of relative deprivation，It will cause the young generation in rural-urban migration to have a negative social psychology - a sense of rootlessness and meaninglessness，This type of collective psychological cognition may lead to some negative group behaviors and sporadic youth deviant behaviors。final，The disadvantaged financial position bet365 sportsbook review young generation relative to the older generation，Part of this can be attributed to the reward structure of China’s highly segmented labor market，Partly due to their disproportionate burden of welfare market reforms (housing、The cost of health and pension reform。

From this，We must pay full attention to the social vulnerability bet365 sportsbook review contemporary young generation，And introduce targeted policies、Integrated social policy assistance。current，The country should systematically consider the policy needs and policy status of contemporary youth，It has reached a critical period。The policy status of youth，Obviously not only the current youth employment crisis needs to be taken into account，We must also consider the equal social integration needs of urban and rural youth，And sustainable financial issues corresponding to the sustainable lifestyle bet365 sportsbook review young generation。The systemic nature of youth policy status，Also manifested in the compatibility issue between labor market policy/employment policy and family policy/childbirth policy。In response to these problems，Need to pass systematic academic research，Find the key points of policy design。

　　(Author’s affiliation: Department of Sociology, Peking University；bet365 sportsbook review Society and Development Research Center of Peking University)