General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out，Since the 20th century，“Various theories in the West are prescribing medicine，includes Keynesianism、Neoliberalism、Neoconservatism、Democratic Socialism、Pragmatism、Existentialism、Structuralism、Postmodernism, etc.，These are products bet365 bonus code louisiana development of Western society to a certain stage，It also profoundly affects Western society。”The 8 doctrines mentioned by General Secretary Xi Jinping，And Western historiography from the 20th century to today，All have either directly or indirectly、A relationship that is either bright or dark。In particular, postmodernism has become the first and core topic when people talk about contemporary Western historiography。About this，Deng Jingli and other scholars made a full and detailed disclosure in "Western Historiography Theory and Historical Writing in the Past Twenty Years" (China Social Sciences Press, December 2018 edition)。

　Pay attention to the time coordinate bet365 bonus code louisiana 1970s

At present, the social science community is working hard to build three major systems。One bet365 bonus code louisiana essentials bet365 bonus code louisiana construction bet365 bonus code louisiana three major systems is to follow the important expositions of General Secretary Xi Jinping，Deal well with the problem of “absorbing foreigners”，And the premise of this question，It is necessary to fully study and understand "foreign" things，Comparing、Contrast、Criticism、Absorb、Based on sublimation，Building philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics。This book provides convenience for people to understand the latest situation of contemporary Western historical theory。The distinctive feature is through research、Compare、Criticizing contemporary Western historiography theory，Strengthen the rational consciousness of building our own academic system，And reach new heights。

Research on contemporary Western cultural trends of thought or historical theories，We must attach great importance to the most important period bet365 bonus code louisiana 1970s、The most direct time landmark。German historical theorist Lu Sen said in the book，In the 1970s, which was known as "creating a new world"，German historical research is in crisis，Theoretical research in history has ushered in a “full and glorious period”；Lu Sen’s generation of scholars grew up to be professors during that period，“And strive to create a new era of historical research”。Lu Sen’s answer is just a small slice，But it is a true reflection。The West around the 1970s，Many iconic cultural events have occurred，There are important historical events in it，There are also humanistic events that have important interactions with history。For example，Wallerstein’s world system analysis theory appeared in the 1970s；The Annales School emerged from the cellar (economics) in the 1970s、Population) to the top floor (superstructure) change，Semantics regained vitality in the 1970s，Hayden White's "Metahistory" and Clifford Geertz's "The Interpretation of Culture" were both published in 1973。These cultural events condense into a common denominator，Even to the 1990s，The Western humanities community seems to have become poetic as a whole。To borrow Rorty’s generalization，The old “philosophical question” that is the standard of all precious things，All revealed as hidden programs in our beloved poems and novels。Implement it into history，As the book summarizes: "Deconstruction particularly highlights the poetic characteristics of history，Including revealing the rhetoric of historical narrative、The fluidity of historical discourse and the aesthetic characteristics of historical knowledge。”

According to Hobsbawm’s explanation，The 1970s first of all meant the end bet365 bonus code louisiana second period bet365 bonus code louisiana extreme era bet365 bonus code louisiana 20th century，That is, the end bet365 bonus code louisiana so-called golden age from 25 to 30 years after the end of World War II。Hobsbawm thinks，The “changes caused to human society” in just a few decades after World War II，Probably far better than any historical period of any length”。Then we entered the "turbulent" 1970s and the "scarred" 1980s。He said: "The history bet365 bonus code louisiana 20 years after 1973，This is a page of world crises、Losing the fulcrum and sliding into an unstable history。”

Hobsbawm’s summary is based on the overall characteristics bet365 bonus code louisiana 20th century，More like pointing out the "key points" of postmodernism。He also said: "Everything in the past，Or the social mechanism that connects a person’s contemporary experience with the inheritance of previous generations’ experience，Now it is completely destroyed and no longer exists。This severance from the past，Arguably one bet365 bonus code louisiana biggest and weirdest features bet365 bonus code louisiana late 20th century。”Postmodernism is one bet365 bonus code louisiana biggest and weirdest features of Western culture and civilization in the second half bet365 bonus code louisiana 20th century。In Eagleton’s words，Postmodernism encompasses everything from certain architectural styles to certain philosophical views，It brings a shock to the mind，Also brought a new cynicism。

In short，All the scenes in Western culture seen today，All are directly logically and factually coherent with the new changes initiated in the 1970s。As far as history is concerned，As revealed in the book，After 1970s，“The development of Western historical philosophy and historiography theory has experienced important changes，The core content is that postmodernism poses comprehensive questions and challenges to the theoretical foundation and principles of modern history。After the 1990s，The influence of postmodernism from philosophy、The theoretical level is increasingly penetrating into the practical field of historical research”。Accompany bet365 bonus code louisiana，Microhistoriography reaches its peak from its birth。Need to analyze the academic aspects of today’s Western cultural phenomena、Origin of Examination，We need to sort out the continuity since the 1970s。

　　View intervention as an opportunity for bet365 bonus code louisiana and improvement

After 40 years of development and deposition，Including historical theory，Many ideas brought about by Western transformation、Thoughts and even perspectives、Method，Has been deeply involved in contemporary Chinese culture。The basic rhythm of this kind of intervention is getting stronger and stronger。Then，What is its specific situation？This book attempts to analyze several sinological works，Revealing "the applicability of postmodern methods in the field of Chinese history"，Pointed out that after the 1990s, “some Chinese history research with obvious postmodern tendencies appeared” in American historical circles。The consequences，bet365 bonus code louisiana the linear progress view of history、Nation-state concept、The concept of scientific rationality has been broken，Replaced by “the history of China with multiple modernities against the background of global history”。

bet365 bonus code louisiana also mentioned in the book，Perhaps the greatest significance of postmodernism to the study of Chinese history is，bet365 bonus code louisiana testing our ability to critically reflect on our existing knowledge and theories，Test whether we are extremely consciously aware of our limitations；At the same time，It also tests our ability to get rid of centralism、Facing the reality of universalism and globalization，Building capabilities and creativity in diverse cultures。The positive suggestion given by the author is: Contemporary Chinese history should abandon all kinds of prejudices，View postmodern challenges as an opportunity for self-reflection and improvement，While adhering to one's own theoretical stance and giving full play to traditional advantages，Continue to maintain an open and generous theoretical vision，Strive to integrate multiple ideological resources at a higher level，To find a new historical development path that is both profound and has its own style。

The construction bet365 bonus code louisiana academic system reflects the needs bet365 bonus code louisiana times and the awakening of rationality in the construction of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics。This is the inevitable result bet365 bonus code louisiana 40 years of reform and opening up。“Autonomy” should be the most distinctive symbol and feature of this construction。Some scholars summarize it as the consciousness of "localization"。To achieve our goal，It is necessary to sort out the interactive relationship between Chinese academic and Western academic in the past 40 years、Summary and research。Western culture that began in the 1970s，There were new changes in the 1990s and the turn bet365 bonus code louisiana century，These latest changes，More worthy of attention。This is not only because it is closest to us，And since many of these cultural events are directly relevant to us。This book focuses on the overall changes that have occurred in Western historical theory in the past 20 years、The new issues raised are fully revealed。Some bet365 bonus code louisiana internationally renowned scholars involved have not only visited China，And conduct joint research with some Chinese scholars。

　Breaking the disciplinary boundaries of major bet365 bonus code louisiana trends

On the consequences bet365 bonus code louisiana challenge of postmodernism，The author believes that the overall trend is: on the one hand，Positive aspects are strongly absorbed，On the other hand，Overcoming its limitations，Start from here，Western history is "exploring the possibility to accommodate multiple perspectives and methods、A more comprehensive” development path，“A historical perspective integrating modernism and postmodernism，That is, using the theoretical edge of postmodernism to eliminate the stubborn diseases or shortcomings of modern history，At the same time, it attempts to use the mature system of modern history to discipline the fragmentation of postmodern thought、Rebellion、Irrational and other extreme characteristics”。In terms bet365 bonus code louisiana views introduced in the book，The author thinks，The middle ground and insights of Eagles and Lutsen，Should be more recognized by Chinese scholars。Book about "Postmodernism is not obsolete、Not surpassed，But it is largely internalized” view，It is a practical conclusion。

Examining the development of contemporary Western historical theory，Must relate to contemporary Western philosophy、Investigations in poetics and other fields are closely integrated。The current major Western academic trends have no clear disciplinary boundaries，But full of mutual penetration。Historical theory is subject to this overall state，Also a conspirator in this overall state。For example, about microhistory，Or as its critics call it，Fragmented historiography，The theoretical basis obviously comes from Heidegger’s philosophy of Dasein。Zaru，About the author’s intention in the study of intellectual history、The relationship between life and text，It is inseparable from the propositions of "death bet365 bonus code louisiana author" and "misguided intention" that Barthes and others strongly advocated。On the relevance of text and society、Rhetorical analysis of historical texts，It is related to formalism in the field of literary theory、Text-centered theory and other related matters。

The whole book focuses on the basic propositions of postmodernism and related issues derived from it，Introduction and analysis of multi-directional encirclement。Although bet365 bonus code louisiana based on the sorting and analysis of historiography，Essentially it belongs to historical theoretical research。Because，Contents involved in the book，The core lies in the theoretical basis of history。Follow、Study and respond to them，Conducive to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era，Building a historical discipline system with Chinese characteristics、Academic System、Discourse system。

　(Author’s affiliation: School of bet365 bonus code louisiana, Nanjing University)