Since modern times，Western culture and bet365 joining bonus code imported into China，Profound influence。Relevant writings so far，Already emerging in endlessly、Brilliant and colorful。"The Spread of Western bet365 joining bonus code to the East and the Evolution of Chinese Historiography (1840-1927)" (written by Zhao Shaofeng，The Commercial Press November 2018 edition) is full of problem awareness、Research and careful analysis of historical materials，Deserves special attention among many similar works。The significance does not mainly lie in the academic analysis of this book，It is about how to construct a macro concept for studying the development of modern Chinese bet365 joining bonus code。

　　1927: An important node in the development of Chinese bet365 joining bonus code

The academic community evaluates an academic work，Often pay special attention to the innovative insights that can be established。Of course this perspective is important，But not comprehensive。If the author of academic works can propose relevant subjects、Issues that require further discussion，Even if it is not solved satisfactorily，Its academic value is still very high，Because this may promote common attention and in-depth research in the academic community。Especially raise theoretical issues，Reflects comprehensive thinking and high-level summary bet365 joining bonus code research topic，The meaning is more important。Theoretical issues，Most bet365 joining bonus code time you can’t count on one person、One book will achieve academic consensus。Therefore，The value of academic writing lies in raising important questions，To develop new research ideas。

This book is not content with sorting out and narrating historical facts，Full of academic awareness of thinking about problems。The opening chapter "Introduction" focuses on the author's motivation for the development of modern Chinese bet365 joining bonus code、Social background、Development Trend、Development stage、Discussion on cultural influence etc.，Propose a series of theoretical-level questions and insights。In the author’s opinion，1840-1927 is an important stage in the development of Chinese bet365 joining bonus code，Needs to be specially divided for in-depth study。This is based on the investigation of the development of modern Chinese bet365 joining bonus code，Believe that Chinese historiography entered the stage of modern historiography after 1928。Regard 1927 as an important node in the development of Chinese bet365 joining bonus code，is brand new、Theoretical exploration from a macro perspective，Proposed the need to re-examine the overall context of modern Chinese historiography。

The first question of "Introduction" discusses the main driving force for the evolution of Chinese historiography，Get straight to the core issues of historical theory。Explore the development motivation of things from the contradictory movement of the unity of opposites，It is the basic principle of materialist dialectics。The author asks the question loudly，From the stimulation of social contradictions and the collision of foreign academics and traditional culture、Analysis of contradictions in running-in。Of course，The focus of the book is to explore the transformation of Chinese bet365 joining bonus code caused by the spread of Western learning to the east，Thus divided into several stages of development。The conclusions still need to be discussed jointly by the academic community，And its ideas and methods adhere to the basic spirit of materialist dialectics。

　China writes foreign bet365 joining bonus code with self-awareness

The more historical writings want to improve the level of theoretical thinking，The more necessary it is to conduct a comprehensive search bet365 joining bonus code、Identification、Solution and integration，Otherwise it will deviate from the concept of historical materialism。Read this work，First of all, you will feel the extremely rich reference materials。The richness of so-called historical data in historical books，It is by no means a simple accumulation of quantities，Instead, a comprehensive search bet365 joining bonus code is needed，After sorting、Appraisal，Carry out sufficient positioning analysis，Thus enough to support the overall process of historical narrative，And showing stages of development。Can this be done，This is the important difference between historical materialism and other old historiography that also attaches great importance to historical materials and their actual operation，This book has made a remarkable practice。

The research content in the book is scheduled to be the spread of Western learning to the East from 1840 to 1927，But the author does not completely cut off the development process of bet365 joining bonus code，An in-depth and detailed examination of the introduction of Western historical and geographical knowledge into China before 1840。Not only analyzes the general trend of cultural exchange between China and foreign countries in the 19th century，And the changes in national conditions and academic and cultural orientations in the Qing Dynasty, etc.，It shows the gradual development of social conditions for the transformation of bet365 joining bonus code。Following this, a detailed examination of the new missionaries to China through publishing books and founding newspapers，Play a leading role in spreading Western cultural knowledge and bet365 joining bonus code and geography，Then examine the Chinese people’s understanding of the outside world at the same time。This way，From the analysis of China’s national conditions、China-foreign exchange、Foreign missionaries take the lead in importing Western learning，Pioneers in China take the lead in understanding and writing about overseas knowledge，Constitute a cognitive structure，Form a systematic study of the state of the spread of Western learning to the East in the 19th century。About the arrival of new missionaries，The author points out that "British missionary Morrison was the first person to unveil a new round of Western learning spreading eastward"。Through careful consideration of historical materials，The book covers the period from Morrison’s arrival in China in 1807 to the Opium War in 1840，Defined as the beginning period of the spread of Western learning to the east and the evolution of Chinese bet365 joining bonus code。

Facing the more complicated situation of the spread of Western learning and the transformation of Chinese bet365 joining bonus code，This book focuses more on the combination of historical data citation and theoretical thinking，Get more new insights。First，Read historical information，Review various specific documents。Examined the Westerners’ establishment of the Mohai Library、Guangxi Society、China’s Commercial Press and other publishing institutions and cultural organizations，Reflects the active input of Western learning、Chinese academic acceptance and the collision of Chinese and Western cultures、Intersection、fusion status。Second，The book review is both detailed and brief、Highlights。The author conducts a comparative study on the two works describing the bet365 joining bonus code and geography of the United States, the missionary Pi Zhiwen's "A Brief bet365 joining bonus code of the United States and the Province of America" ​​and the Chinese Liang Tinghao's "A Story of the Province of Hesheng"，Point out that although Liang Tinghao followed the previous book，But the structure has changed significantly，Reflects China’s self-awareness in writing foreign bet365 joining bonus code。This is a highlight of this book。Third，The collection and integration of historical materials are aimed at reflecting the stages of historical evolution。This was already reflected in the initial period before 1840，After that, the initial period of the spread of Western learning to the east was divided (1840-1860)、Development period (1860-1894)、Transition period (1895-1911)、Boom period (1912-1927)。The purpose is that the collection of historical materials must be rich，Integrated appraisal must be carefully scrutinized，The narrative method must be flexible。This book is not only focused on reviewing specific documents，Scholar group、Outstanding Person、Activities of cultural institutions，All become clues for discussion and narrative，And there are many general comments。Fourth，Comprehensive collection of historical materials reflects the multi-faceted development of bet365 joining bonus code。Since we want to outline the development process of modern bet365 joining bonus code，We must pay attention to the comprehensiveness of the selection of historical materials。

Although the general trend of Western learning spreading eastward is to gradually accept and digest it，But always encountered huge resistance，Western learning itself is also diverse，What kind of Western learning should I accept？There are also different choices in China，So the values ​​​​of historians and historiography must diverge。The author of the book specifically mentioned the multi-path development of Chinese historiography，Not only discusses the rise and development of Marxist historiography，Also examines the ideas and practices of old school scholars。Because the main body of the work is the influence of Western learning and the transformation of Chinese bet365 joining bonus code，The description of different historical schools is not sufficient，And examined the most advanced Marxist historiography，Examined the group of historians who maintained a conservative orientation，It can also be considered as an outline of the multi-faceted development pattern of modern bet365 joining bonus code。

　　Proposed to divide modern bet365 joining bonus code into five stages

Treatise on the influence of Western learning on the development of Chinese bet365 joining bonus code，Many have been published so far，Most of them focus on narrating historical events，It is rare to see people who deliberately raise their understanding to a theoretical level，This is what makes this book unique。Theoretical thinking will form more new insights、Ask many new questions，Thus promoting the advancement of academic research。New insights and new questions in the book are intertwined。For example, the lower limit of modern Chinese bet365 joining bonus code is 1927，Starting from the beginning、chuxing、Development、Turning、The booming division of modern bet365 joining bonus code into several stages。This is the author’s innovative insight，But it also raises a major theoretical issue in the bet365 joining bonus code of historiography，Deserves serious discussion among historians。

The value of an academic work，First, provide readers with a series of reliable knowledge，The second is to provide shining ideological inspiration，Sometimes the second item is more rare、More precious。The author thinks，The spread of Western bet365 joining bonus code to the East was a booster for the evolution of Chinese historiography during that period，The book uses a large space to list the eight promotions of the spread of Western bet365 joining bonus code to the East for Chinese historians and historiography，Very insightful。Research spaces emerging at the same time，This is the subsequent development of Chinese bet365 joining bonus code，Is Western learning in the most dominant position？The author discusses: The trend of bet365 joining bonus code during this period was "seeking novelty", "seeking change" and "new and old、The integration and intersection of China and the West，Create academics with strong vitality”。This contains dazzling thoughts，It’s a pity that I didn’t show it to a great extent。Others include proposing "scientificization of bet365 joining bonus code" and "modernization paradigm of bet365 joining bonus code"，The Qing people transformed from "Huayi theory" to "diplomacy theory" and other propositions and concepts，Both have developed a new space for exploration of modern bet365 joining bonus code。

　(Author’s affiliation: School of bet365 joining bonus code, Nankai University)