Since modern times，Western culture and history enter China，Deep influence。Writing of related content to date，Extinction is already emerging、Bright and colorful。"Western History East and Chinese History evolution (1840-1927)" (Zhao Shaofeng，Business Press, November 2018) full of problem consciousness、Historical data search and detailed analysis，It is worthy of special attention among many similar works。The significance is not the academic analysis of this book，Instead, how to build a macro concept of the development of modern Chinese history。

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Evaluate an academic work in the academic world，Often pay special attention to what can be established for innovative insights。Of course it is important，but not a lot of comprehensive。The author of academic works can propose related disciplines、The topic must be discussed further，Even if it is not successfully solved，Its academic value is still very high，Because this may promote the common attention and in -depth research of the academic community。Especially asking the theoretical level questions，Reflect that the comprehensive thinking and high summary of the research topic，Significance is more important。The theoretical question，Most can not expect one person、One book discussion will obtain the academic consensus。So，The value of academic works is to ask important questions，To develop new research ideas。

This book is not satisfied with the cleanliness of historical facts，Academic consciousness full of Bet365 app download thinking problems。The beginning of "Xu Yan" concentratedly shows the author's motivation for the development of Chinese history in modern times、Social background、Development trend、Development stage、Discussion on cultural influence，Proposal a series of theoretical levels and opinions。In the author's opinion，1840-1927 is an important stage of the development of Chinese history，It needs to be divided into in -depth research。This is based on the inspection of the development of modern Chinese history as a whole，I believe that after 1928, Chinese history entered the stage of modern history。It is considered 1927 as an important node for the development of Chinese history，Is a brand new、Theoretical exploration in macro view，The overall context of the need to re -discuss the history of modern Chinese history。

The first question of "Xu Yan" discusses the main motivation of Chinese historical evolution，Kaizong Mingyi went straight to the core of the theory of historical theory。Explore the motivation of the development of things from the contradictory movement of the oppositional unity，The basic principle of materialist dialectics。The author raises questions loudly，Stimulation from social contradictions and collision with foreign academics and traditional culture、Analysis of the contradictions of running -in。Of course，The focus of the book is to explore the transformation of Chinese history caused by the gradually caused by Western Xue East，divide several development stages。The conclusions still need to be discussed by the academic community，and their ideas and methods adhere to the basic spirit of materialist dialectics。

　Chinese writing foreign history has self -main consciousness

Historical writings, the more you want to improve the level of theoretical thinking，The more you bet365 live casino games need to seek comprehensive historical data search、Identification、sorting and integration，Otherwise, it will deviate from the concept of historical materialism。Read this work，First of all, I will feel extremely rich in quoting information。The so -called rich historical data in history，It is by no means a simple quantity accumulation，Instead, you need to search for historical materials，After combing、Jian Jian，Perform sufficient positioning analysis，thus enough to support the overall process of historical narrative，and present the stage of development。Can you do this，It is an important difference between the history of materialism and other old history that attaches great importance to historical materials and actual operation，This book has made remarkable practices。

The research content in the book is scheduled to be 1840-1927 Western Xue East，But the author does not cut off the development process of history，The situation of Western historical and ground -historical knowledge before 1840 still made a deep and detailed test。Not only analyzes the general trend of Chinese and foreign cultural intercourse in the 19th century，changes in the national conditions and academic cultural orientation in the Qing Dynasty，Zhao shows the gradual gradient of historic transformation of social conditions。After detailing, the missionaries come to China in detail to publish books and establish newspapers，The leading role of spreading western cultural knowledge and history and land learning，Following the test of the Chinese people's cognition of the external world at the same time。This，Analysis of China National conditions、Sino -Foreign Diplomacy Hui、Foreign missionaries lead in entering Bet365 lotto review Western learning，Pioneers in China take the lead to understand and write overseas knowledge，constitute a cognitive structure，Forms a state that has a systematic test that Western Xue East has gradually germinated in the 19th century。About the arrival of new missionaries，The author pointed out that "British missionary Mariezon is the first person to open a new round of Western learning"。Thinking through the refined review bet365 Play online games of historical materials，Book will come to China in 1807 to China until 1840 Opium War，The hairpin period of the evolution of Western Xue East and Chinese History。

In the face of a more complicated situation of the spread of Western learning and the transformation of Chinese history，This book is more heavier than the combination bet365 Play online games of historical materials and theoretical thinking，Det more new opinions。First，Reading historical information，Comment on a variety of specific documents。Discussing the Mohai Library such as the Westerner、Guangxue Society、China Business Press and other publishing institutions and cultural organizations，Reflected the active input of Western Xue、Chinese academic circles and Chinese and Western culture collisions、Interchange、Fusion status。Second，Book reviews are detailed and slightly、Key prominent。The author has compared the two narratives of American history and land to compare the missionary "Mei Ge He Provincial Strategy" and the Chinese Liang Tingzheng "The State of the Province of the Provincial State".，pointed out that although Liang Tingzheng was due to the previous book，But the structural change is obvious，It reflects the consciousness of China's writing foreign history。This is a highlight of this book。third，The collection and integration of historical materials is the purpose of reflecting the evolution of historical evolution。This period before 1840 has been reflected，Since then, the first prosperity period of Western Xue East (1840-1860)、Development period (1860-1894)、turning period (1895-1911)、Bo Xing period (1912-1927)。Its purpose is that historical materials collection must be rich，Integrated selection must be refined，The narrative method must be flexible。This book not only uses the specific literature of the agency as the hub，Learning group、Outstanding figure、Activity of cultural institutions，All become clues to discussion and narrative，And more general comments。Fourth，Comprehensive historical data search reflects the multi -way development of history。Since the development process of modern history is described，You must not pay attention to the comprehensiveness of historical selection。

Although the general trend of Western Xue East is gradually accepting and digesting，But always encountered huge resistance，West Xue itself is also diverse，What kind of Western studies are accepted? There are also different choices in China，So the values ​​of historians and historiography must differentiate。The author of the book specifically mentioned the multi -way development of Chinese history，Not only discuss the rise and development of Marxist history，Also described the claims and practice of old scholars。Because the main body of the work is the influence of Western studies and the transformation of Chinese history，Not enough narrative to different historic genres，and examined the most advanced Marxist history，Discuss the historians who hold the old orientation，It can also be considered an outline to show the Bet365 app download landscape of modern history.。

　　Five stages of dividing modern history

Discussion on the theory of the development of Western studies in Chinese history，There are so many people who have appeared so far，Most of them describe historical events，It is rare to raise the understanding to the theoretical level，This is the difference between the book。Theoretical thinking will form more new opinions、Raid many new questions，to promote the advancement of academic research。New insights in the book are intertwined together。For example, limited the modern Chinese history to 1927，、Early Delivery、Development、turning、Bo Xing divided several stages of modern history。This is the author's innovative insight，But at the same time, it also proposes a major theoretical problem in history history，It is worth discussing in the history of the historian。

Value of an academic writing，The first is to give readers a series of reliable knowledge，The second is to provide flashing ideological inspiration，Sometimes the second item is more rare、More precious。The author thinks，Western History East is a booster for the evolution of Chinese historical evolution in this period，The book uses a large length to list the eight promotion of Western Shidong's eight items of Chinese historians and historical sciences，Very brilliant。Research space that appears at the same time，It is the development of Chinese history since then，Is Western Xue's most dominant position? Author's discussion: The trend of history at this time is "seeking new", "seeking change", "new and old、The integration and intersection of the middle and the west，Create academic academics with strong vitality "。This contains dazzling flashing thoughts，Unfortunately, Bet365 lotto review there is no big play。Others such as "scientificization of history" and "modern paradigm of history"，The Qing people transformed from "Huayi theory" to "diplomatic theory" and other propositions and concepts，All developed new spaces explored by modern history history。

　(Author Unit: School of History of Nankai University)