After the middle and middle,，Fang Wan Ji Ji Jian flourished，Graphic out -of -the -art diagram books are published in large numbers，Among them, the most influential is the "Terry Record"。This book introduces the character image and vibration of the character and vibration of "Quartet"，Existing Single Routes have Tokyo Zunjing Pavilion Library Tibetan Wanli Twenty -one year (1593) Hu Wenhuan engraved "Tsuckle Record" four volumes、Tokyo Royal Tea Library Chenggang Hall Lunnia 29th year (1550) Jingde Church "New Book of Beijing Worm Records"。Popular daily books published in the Jianyang area in the late Ming Dynasty，There is also a class named "Zhuyi Gate"，The opening of its opening is "Terrace Record Preface"。The first column is entitled "Mountains and Seas Forest"，Includes all kinds of alien birds and beasts in the "Shan Hai Jing"; the next column is entitled "Kyoto Termine Records", "New Carved Worm Records"，Its features are different due to different versions，less than 130 countries with pictures、as many as 161 country，Also with a variety of unparalleled 31 countries。

Japanese scholar Miura Guoxiong and American scholar He Yuming once focused on "Zhuyi Gate"，Special article analyzes the appearance of Ming people。However, who is the author of "Rickname"，Where is Shiyuan，How to spread it，The long -term language of the academic world is unknown。Examine its graphic content，Contacts of discerning and other books，It is not helpful to the compilation of out -of -the -art book books in the Ming Dynasty。

　Bet365 lotto review

Check the "Summary of the Book of Siku"，There is a volume of "Exotic" in Zhejiang Fan Yizhu Tianyi Pavilion，The first article is Hu Weiyong bet365 best casino games preface，Cloud "Rickname Records" was edited by Zhou Zhizhong, the Institute of Knowledge of the Privy College。Nanjing Library Tibetan (1507) Mei Chun edited "Yihaihui Letter"，Also received a volume of white cotton paper manuscripts "Exotic"，There is Hu Weiyong's preface to Zhou Zhizhong said: "In the past in the Yuan Dynasty, nineteen years，Playing Fan Fan 6，The customs of the four crickets are unknown，Nai "Rickna Record"。"" Chief Records of Zhejiang Collection of Lesses "between Qianlong，"Exotic" was originally known as "Terrace Record"，Its cause "to the middle of the outside world 6，Familiar with the customs of Siyi "。

"Siku Instrument" test Zhou Zhizhong in Wu Sannian (1366) and submitted Hu Weiyong，Think that this book is "the former of the country"。Nanjing Library Collection "Exotic" manuscripts are prefaced by Jingmingzi (Zhu Yan) in Renwu (1402)，Speaking of "Terry Record" was originally from the Green Palace (East Palace)，After his brother compiled and renamed it after his brother。"Ancient and Modern Book Carving"、"Fan Dedication" in Wanli, "Records of the Guo Dynasty"、Chongzhen Ben "The History of Renewal Books" and so on are all loaded，Zhu Yuanzhang's seventeenth son Ning Xian Wang Zhu Quan has "Exotic"。From this can be judged，"Rickna Records" in the turn of the book in Yuanming，Originally written by Zhou Zhizhong，Later re -compilation of "Exotic"。

　Previous geographical discipline and historical records mixed

about the history of "Time Record"，According to "Exotic" and "General Records of Zhejiang Collection of Lesses"，Because Zhou Zhizhong once made a sixth time to the outside，Familiar with the people and customs of Siyi，Then he wrote this book "Taking the strength of it"。History books have not recorded where Zhou Zhizhong once worshiped，Therefore, it is impossible to identify it with the content of the "Terry Record"。But read the book carefully，The main source of its bet365 live casino games main source is the drawing of geographical and foreign documents before the Tang and Song dynasties。One is the historical book of official cultivation。such as "Gaoli" bar，Among them, "Wu Wang Feng Xunzi is in his country", "None Criminals", "Wangju Kaizhou，No. Kaichengfu "is directly based on" Song History · Goryeo Biography ";" Hi Drink and Songs and Dance ... Prostitution "comes from" Hou Han Biography · Dongyi Biography "。"Japanese State" bar，The question is taken from "New Tang Book"，But the narrative is moved from "Old Tang Book · Japan Biography"，Especially in the use of Tang Dynasty called "Korean"，Describes it is located in "Southeast of Silla State"。Another example is "Flide" and "Fusang Kingdom"，Its introduction comes from "Liang Shu" and "South History"。

The second is the Book of Shi Zhishu and the Strange Notes。such as "Shan Hai Jing · Overseas Southern Sutra" "Police Hungarian State": "In its east，It is Hungarian。"" Rickname Records "is quoted as" Piercing Breal Country "，and added: "His chest has a trick，His Holiness wants to do，Put a chest tip with a stick，Let the humble person carry。"He is" Little Period "," Nie Er Guo "," Drip Anti -Country "," Long -footing Country "," Nurf Powers "," Undead Kingdom "," One Arms ", etc.，It is also directly taken in "Shan Hai Jing"。other，"Shrimu Guo" comes from "Tang Meeting"，"Great Han State", "Yingling State", "Tuhuo Luo" comes from "Tongdian"; 》、Zhou to "Answers of Ridge"。

In addition to picking up a book of a previous generation，"Rickname" also edited and changed historical materials。As a "Huns" bar，Based on "Puyang Miscellaneous"，Re -arrange the original text and classify，Divide the Huns into "Five"。At the same time，Popularized the text of the original text for the process of processing，If you change "胤" to "legacy"，"yellow hair" is changed to "yellow hair"，"髭髯 髭髯" is changed to "black hair"。Another bet365 live casino games example is the "Presbyterian Country" bar，Mind the presence of the two people in the prefecture，Disposal into the elder country due to the strong fog，Almost caught，When escaping, "the elderly enters the sea and chase the previous pursuit，Zhizhou people retreat with crossbow "。Actually，This strip is based on Hongmai's "Yi Jianzhi"，Its text is "the crossbow shot，Do not retreat;，Broken three -finger fell in the ship，Naihe go "。

　Ming Dynasty current affairs and out -of -the -world knowledge supplementary

Li Hongzhang has a disadvantage of criticizing exotic books in the preface of Fu Yunlong's "Traveling in Japan"，"Courage to archeological，Ready to Zheng Jin "。This view is quite insightful，But if you use this evaluation of "Terry Record", it is slightly biased。In fact，With this book continuously engraved and reprinted，While writing and rewriting of previous generation narratives，It has also added many Ming Dynasty current events，and replenish new out -of -domain knowledge with them。such as "Huns 鞑"，The name of this entry is connected to the Huns of Han Dynasty and Ming Shi，Its article introduces the "History of the Yuan Dynasty" after introducing the Huns，After Tiemu Zhen and Kublai Khan as the Huns，and call them "Emperor Emperor", "House of Chinese Emperor"。"The Secret History of the Yuan Dynasty" was written in the early 13-14 century，This was made by the Mongolian text of Feiwu Er，Hidden in the palace secret room of the Yuan Dynasty;，Fang in the Chinese character "Newcie's word，Harmonious Voice "，Started in "Yongle Ceremony"。Another example is "Great Ryukyu State" bar，"The tribute of the country from time to time，The prince and the son of the accompanying ministers are all in Taixue reading "。"History of the Ming Dynasty · Three Buddhas Qi Biography"，Great Ryukyu has entered tribute since the early years of Hongwu，In the 25th year of Hongwu (1392), he sent his children to Taixue for the first time。

Bet365 app download ，Some pictures and paintings are also obviously characterized by the middle and late Ming Dynasty。Such as "Japan"，The text is mostly quoted from "Old Tang Book"，But at the end of the text, "The coastal life is Kou life at the end of the text，China Huo is a pirate "obviously from later generations。"Pirates" was first seen at 404 Gaobali Kaitu King's inscription，It has repeatedly committed China's coast since the 14th century，The most prosperous time to Jiajing，gradually decreased afterwards。The "Japanese State" in the "Exotic" made by Zhou Zhizhong，The country "髡 髡，Wear Tang Seng Yi "。The existing version of "Terrace"，Zun Jing Ge Wen Treasury "Terry Records" and Chenggangtang Library Collection "New Earlier Worm Records" "Japanese Kingdom" is indeed a gentle and elegant student image，and Wanli "Vientiane Authentic Unknown", "Wenlin Miao Jin Monki Book" and other daily use books，The characters in the figure are the samurai appearance of the naked body，It seems to echo the word "coastal"。Visible，During the Jiajing period, the prevalence of the dysentery changed the original understanding of the Japanese，It also affects the shape of its image。

　There are many errors but widely circulated

"Rickna Record" historical material poly source，Except for a part of the previous generation, it is quoted，More author's own preparation，and continue to add new content in later generations。Read the graphic visible，Among them, there are also many places for Lu Yu's mistakes。Ru Zun Jing Ge Library Treasury "Terry Records" and Chenggangtang Library Collection "New Corporal Worm Records"，"Fusang Kingdom" picture all takes the picture of deer milk，There is a little deer lying on the beside the hair deer。But in later generations "Time Records"，Mods become corner male deer，There is no deer next to it。Another "three countries" contains "in the East of the East of Teeth，One person three bodies "，"Three -body nation" contains bet365 best casino games "Qi North after the summer，Three songs of their people "。Test of its historical source，These two are from the "Shan Hai Jing · Overseas South Sutra" "Three countries in their east，It is a person with three songs "and" Shan Hai Jing · Overseas Classic "" Three -body nations in the first summer，One and three bodies "。"Rickname Records" does not take care of them，It shows its led to fuck。other，Words、Mistakes and other misunderstandings are also commonly seen。Such as "Sanfu Guo" according to "Answers of Ridge"，But its original "South，There are mountains and broadcast streams "，"Terry Records" as "Inserting"。"Taiping Huanyu Ji" contains "Po Deng Guo" with "Golden"，"Rickname Record" is "Gold Lead"。

Plagiarism before and after many books in the Ming Dynasty，or an old book，Especially out -of -domain map books，More obvious。"Rickname Record" Although there are many mistakes，But it does not affect it as one of the most widely circulated out -of -the -art motion book books in the Ming Dynasty。Except Zhu Quan in the early Ming Dynasty, according to the "Term Record" edited "Exotic"，More "Exotic Map" is passed down，Existing solitary book is hidden at Cambridge University Library。This book contains pictures and texts in 171 countries，Among them, 158 states are seen in "Rickname"，narrative and drawing are basically the same，It is likely to be the same real name。In the "Three Talent Maps · Character" in Wanli, the exotic character map part is almost similar to "Terry Record"，Two contacts are quite close。After the Qing Dynasty，The name of "Rickname" gradually micro，However, there are mostly "Foreign and Native People's Maps" in the daily books of the Qing Dynasty，Although its name is different，But the content is actually the continuation of "Rickname"。and with the "Three Talents"，"Rickname" continues to have an impact outside the domain。During the Jiaqing years，Korean people Han Zhiyi bet365 live casino games edited "History of Haidong"，Called Xunzi Seal in North Korea，"Teach Poetry Book，To know the system of Chinese etiquette and music，Yamen official clothes，Abscent to China "，Its source is undoubtedly the "Goryeo" article "Goryeo": "Chinese etiquette and music、Poetry Book、Medicine、Buyu flows here，衙，People [Clothing] Crown with the system of Chinese dynasty。”

　(This article is the project of Hangzhou Social Science Planning "Research on the Research on the Reading of the Classics Reading of the Reader of the Workers in the Late Ming Dynasty" (2019jd04) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: School of Humanities at Hangzhou Normal University)