Where is the motivation for philosophy in the 20th century? Is the influence from social history，Or the logic of philosophy itself? For philosophy historians，This is a visibility、Unexplained philosophical historical methodology problems。British philosopher Aerel begins in the book "Twenty Century Philosophy"，The impact of Russell's emphasis on social historical factors on the history of philosophy in the History of Western Philosophy，Submitted criticism: "In my opinion，Hi (that is, Russell -Quoter Note) Involved in social and political history，It did not make him better clarify the point of view of the philosophers he tried to associate with these factors，And I also think，I can’t improve in this regard。"So，It can be said that I am exploring the motivation of the 20th century philosophy，Just pursue from the logic of philosophy。

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Fortunately, Iyer's writing of the 20th century philosophy，Only limited to Western philosophy of the 20th century，It did not involve the Chinese philosophy at the time; this was the power problem of the Chinese philosophy of Chinese philosophy in the Chinese philosophy historian，I thought space for thinking and discussion。Although since the 1980s，Pay attention to the influence of social historical factors on the history of philosophy，I was degraded as "Mechanical Historical Materialism theory" with some philosophical bet365 live casino games historians，But there are still some philosophical historians who work hard to explore in this direction。"Power and Order: Modern Pursuit and Treatment of Chinese Philosophy (1895-1995)" (Gao Ruizheng，Guangxi Normal University Press, November 2019)，It is a monograph on searching for the "social dynamics" of Chinese philosophy in the 20th century。The main purpose of this book is to clarify the inherent connection of Chinese social history and Chinese philosophy in the 20th century，The motivation for the development of Chinese philosophy in the 20th century from the history of Chinese social history。In the words of the author: "Standing at the height of self -consciousness of the times，The complex process of how the modern Chinese thought and the spirit of Chinese spirit around the times and society，Make further philosophical reflection; the evolution of Chinese philosophy in modern times，From ‘modernization orientation’ (Feng Youlan)、'Political Revolution -Philosophy Revolution' (Feng Qi) and other narrative methods to further advance。"This study is a" social philosophy "research，The history of philosophy written is a "history of philosophy as self -understanding of the times"。This kind of "the history of philosophy as the self -understanding of the times"，Of course, different from the philosophical history of philosophy in the deduction of philosophy。

So，What is the relationship between the era and philosophy? This book analyzes this，I believe that existing external relationships and internal relationships。Bet365 lotto review The so -called external relationship，It's just the superficial connection between the times and philosophy，It is not related to the interaction between the times and philosophy; the so -called internal relationship，is the interaction between the times and philosophy，Especially the profound influence of the era in philosophy，and the development of philosophy caused by this; people often say that philosophy is the essence of the spirit of the times，refers to this influence。In these two relationships，The book emphasizes the latter; when explaining the inherent relationship between the era and philosophy，The author also emphasizes the impact of the "Big Age" with historical turns on the development of philosophy。As far as Chinese history,，From the Opium War to the 20th century China，It is such an extremely important historical turning period，and even the word "unscrupulous change in three thousand years" has become a mantra for more than 100 years。The author thinks，It is this "big era" profoundly affected the development of Chinese philosophy since the Opium War，The driving force for the development of Chinese philosophy in the 20th century。

　　"Revolutionary Century" "Self -consciousness"

The whole book is pointed out，China has its own significant era characteristics，This is "Revolution"。The Chinese Revolution in the 20th century contains rich historical connotations，The person pointed to the direction is not only in the Chinese people for liberation，and in the Chinese nation seeking revival。This is exactly this，"In Chinese social history，The 20th century bet365 Play online games has experienced a series of revolution and war，Therefore, it can undoubtedly be called the 'Revolutionary Century'。It is also the "most dangerous time of the nation's survival"，After hard struggle，Legendary Rise Century。In this sense,，The Chinese Revolution and the modernization of China and the revival of the Chinese nation are intertwined "。From this departure，The author especially emphasizes the modern nature of the Chinese Revolution in the 20th century，Special emphasis on the guiding role of the concept of modern revolution for this revolution，believes that the Chinese revolution in the 20th century is a revolution in modern meaning，Revolution guided by modern concepts。This revolution happened，Except for other important conditions，The change of concept is necessary condition。Because of this，This "Revolutionary Century" has a profound impact on the development of Chinese philosophy in the 20th century，Chinese philosophy in the 20th century has also become the "self -consciousness" of this "Revolutionary Century"。

From the basic historical positioning of "Revolutionary Century"，This book inspects and sparsely scores Chinese social trends in the 20th century，Attribute it to three types，Think that it is "their attitude、Theory and practice together constitute the historical appearance of China's modernity "。For these social trends，The author made further analysis，Point out that each big trend can be subdivided into politics、Culture、Three levels of philosophy。If it is radical，Philosophy radicals are political or cultural radical philosophical Bet365 app download defense，It is also politics、The spiritual core of cultural radicalism; this spiritual core itself has a spectrum，Many modern philosophy，Including some potential radical tendencies of traditional philosophy in the world of modern thoughts，How to provide support consciousness for radiism in different directions and extent。On specific events and characters，These trends will occur between the three levels，Ru Zhang Taiyan、Sun Yat -sen belongs to the aggressor in politics，But it is culturally conservative。Through this sparse，The complexity of Chinese philosophy in the 20th century，Get an orderly explanation and reasonable explanation。

　　From looking for motivation to establishing order

The 1980s，New changes in the development of Chinese philosophy have emerged; due to the diversity and complexity of this change，People always feel that the overall trend and basic links of this history of philosophy are difficult to grasp。The book starts from the "social dynamics" developed by Chinese philosophy in the 20th century，The "Revolutionary Century" transforms from emergency storm and rain to peaceful development as a social historical basis，pointed out that the transformation of this era was reflected in the development of Chinese philosophy in the 20th century，It is manifested as a change to find the power to establish order。This process involves enlightenment heritage and reflection、The occurrence and evolution of the new Confucianism in the mainland、Proposal and consumption of subjective problems、"Xinde" prominent and reconstruction、A series of contents of the idea of ​​"New Axis" and the reconstruction of world order。

Bet365 lotto review Since the statement of the "Farewell Revolution" in the 1990s, it was proposed，Degrading and negating the revolutionary tendency proposition to become the world of ideology of China，Criticism and discussion of radicalism have become an ideological trend; even the May 4th Movement，Also regarded by some people as a "backstward event"，Therefore, there is the saying that the "backward May 4th" is popular。In this case，This book is unique、Independent weighing，The significance of the "Revolutionary Century" in modern China is positive and affirmed，Based on this basis, the development of Chinese philosophy in the 20th century，Clean up and reveal the basic pattern and general direction of the development of Chinese philosophy during the century。

For the future development of Chinese philosophy，The book also puts forward my own ideas，This is the ideal goal based on Li Dazhao's unity of "individual liberation and Datong unity": "The ideal order of future society is if‘ the infantry is the body，Harmony is to use '... that means that the order of the new era is not the return of history，Instead, continue to move forward in the ideal realm of uniformity of ‘personality liberation and Datong unity’.。"" This prophetic conclusion，It is the commendable place for the whole book to explore the "social dynamics" of Chinese philosophy in the 20th century.。

　(Author Unit: School of Philosophy of Wuhan University)