As one of the few Assyriology researchers in China，Liu Changyu uses his profound cuneiform language skills、Elaborate and rigorous writing style，By carefully studying and translating the original cuneiform documents，Refer to a large number of foreign literature and Chinese works，Contributed to the academic community a masterpiece on the bet365 sportsbook review in the western end of Asia before the opening of the Silk Road - "From "Shanghai" to Xiahai: A Preliminary Study on the Early Mesopotamia bet365 sportsbook review" (China Social Sciences Press, July 2019 edition )。The early trade route between the two rivers overlapped with the later western route of the “Belt and Road Initiative”，Can be called the early prototype of “One Belt, One Road”。Explore the bet365 sportsbook review before the construction of the “One Belt, One Road” and the overview of early human cross-regional trade exchanges，Extension of the “Belt and Road” construction time、Geographic expansion、Promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind has certain practical significance。

　　Discuss the historical changes of bet365 sportsbook review

The "early Mesopotamia" studied in this book ranges from the ancient Paleolithic Age to the second millennium BC，Spatially not limited to the Mesopotamia region (Euphrates and Tigris，In present-day Iraq)，Also includes Anatolia in the northern Mesopotamia、The southern Arabian Peninsula and the Persian Gulf coast、The Iranian Plateau and Indus River Basin in the east，And the Eastern Mediterranean world to the west (Syria-Palestine、Egypt、Greek Islands) etc.。The author focuses on time and space，Discussed the bet365 sportsbook review radiating from the two river basins to the four directions of east, west, north and south；Combining multidisciplinary research results，Explains the early trade status between the two river basins and surrounding regions and countries from a macro perspective，And the changes in bet365 sportsbook review caused by historical development。

The whole book is divided into five chapters，The first chapter talks about the overview of the early Mesopotamia basin，It is divided into two stages: the Sumerian civilization in the third millennium BC and the Babylonian civilization in the second millennium BC。The last four chapters describe the business road connections between the two river basins and surrounding areas from the four directions of southeast, northwest and northwest。Among them，The East Road described in Chapter 2 is the Iranian Plateau Trade Road，The author selects two representative commodities, lapis lazuli and bronze，Discusses the region starting from Afghanistan in the east，bet365 sportsbook review from the west to the vast area along the eastern Mediterranean coast，Across thousands of kilometers，The main trade route in the western end of Asia before opening up the Silk Road。The southern route described in Chapter 3 is the Persian Gulf trade route，From the coastal areas of the Indus River Basin along the Indian Ocean coastline to the west，Entering the Persian Gulf via the Strait of Hormuz，Until the southern coastal areas of Mesopotamia。The author used three exotic place names recorded in cuneiform documents in the Mesopotamia - Dilemeng、Magan and Mailuha are the entry points，Through "three points connected in a line"，Outlining an early Indian Ocean-Persian Gulf maritime trade route。The Western Road described in Chapter 4 is the trade route on the east coast of the Mediterranean，Includes Syria-Palestine、Egypt and the Mediterranean island of Cyprus and Greece，Expand the bet365 sportsbook review of the early world to a wider space area，Laid the foundation for the establishment of the Silk Road world trade system。The North Road described in Chapter 5 is the Anatolian Trade Route，Including prehistoric Obsidian bet365 sportsbook review and ancient Assyrian bet365 sportsbook review。

　Committed to filling bet365 sportsbook review gaps

When the author systematically studied the four bet365 sportsbook review radiating from the early Mesopotamia as the center，The famous commercial strongholds on various bet365 sportsbook review are not just directly translated into the original Chinese，The original text is appended to compare with the name。Regarding the geographical changes of the same business location in different periods，Illustrated with interdisciplinary research results，Compare the early geographical names appearing in the works with the current geographical locations in detail。Not just words when describing the bet365 sportsbook review in the four directions，Updated with map、Restore bet365 sportsbook review in picture form。Text-based theme，Picture digital resources are in auxiliary form，Text used、Picture、The new form of “Trinity” of digital resources。

The book focuses on the Mesopotamia region of West Asia，Outline a trade network at the western end of Asia before the Silk Road。There have been many publications on Silk Road research in recent years，However, research on bet365 sportsbook review before the opening of the Silk Road is relatively concentrated，Research on the former Silk Road mainly focused on the field of ancient Chinese history，Represented by the Jade Road and the Bronze Road，There are very few results on the bet365 sportsbook review at the western end of Asia before the opening of the Silk Road。This book innovatively takes the ancient Mesopotamia civilization as a research perspective，Using cuneiform documents and archaeological discoveries as research evidence，Combined with Assyriology、Egyptology、Knowledge of classics, Iranian studies and other subjects，Systematic review of the bet365 sportsbook review at the western end of Asia before the Silk Road。

The whole book is based on professional knowledge of Assyriology，Use interdisciplinary historical research methods to conduct comprehensive and systematic research。Although the book is mainly based on cuneiform documents and Near Eastern archaeological data，But from the perspective of cross-regional bet365 sportsbook review，But it is not limited to this，Instead, it uses multi-disciplinary knowledge，For example, Egyptology、Classics、Iranology、Archaeology、Economics，Even natural science knowledge，For example, mineralogy、Geography、Geology、Chemical element analysis and other disciplines and technologies。As a vertical extension of Silk Road research，This book is dedicated to filling the early historical gaps in Silk Road research at home and abroad。The research results on the Silk Road at home and abroad are very sufficient，But in comparison，Research on the bet365 sportsbook review before the Silk Road is relatively weak，Especially the situation of the bet365 sportsbook review at the western end of Asia。The publication of the book，It is a bold innovation in pre-Silk Road research，It also enriches Silk Road research from a longitudinal perspective。

In addition to the above innovations，The book inevitably has some shortcomings。For example, the detailed exploration of some specific bet365 sportsbook review is still a little rough，bet365 sportsbook review include not only trade and transportation routes、Research on transportation methods and costs, as well as support service systems along bet365 sportsbook review，Also includes the rise of bet365 sportsbook review、Exploration of specific factors such as decline。Although the author conducted a detailed exploration of each trade route based on multi-disciplinary research results，But most of them are limited to determining the early bet365 sportsbook review and traded items in the two river basins。This also makes the book more like a guide or guidance，"There are still a lot of problems，Looking forward to continued solutions and improvements in the future”。

　(bet365 sportsbook review’s unit: School of Humanities, Zhejiang Normal University)